Ensuring safe and effective pharmacotherapy: The role of "community pharmacology" in attaining "health for all" from the Indian perspective.

The novel approach of "Community Pharmacology" integrates pharmacological principles with community health to achieve the "Health for all" goal through safe and efficient health care. Pharmacovigilance, medication errors (ME), irrational prescriptions, and antimicrobial resistance in the community could be the key areas. Though life expectancy and other health indicators have improved in India, the disparity between rural and urban quality healthcare access should be addressed.

Interventions to Reduce Discrimination and Stigma: The State of the Art.

Background: There is a rich literature on the nature of mental health-related stigma and the processes by which it severely affects the life chances of people with mental health problems. However, applying this knowledge to deliver and evaluate interventions to reduce discrimination and stigma in a lasting way is a complex and long-term challenge.

Methods: We conducted a narrative synthesis of systematic reviews published since 2012, and supplemented this with papers published subsequently as examples of more recent work.

Correction and removal of expression of concern: Enhancement of anti-leukemic potential of 2-hydroxyphenyl-azo-2'-naphthol (HPAN) on MOLT-4 cells through conjugation with Cu(ii).

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1039/C3RA44765K.].

Impact of Sensitization on School Teachers' Knowledge and Attitudes Towards Adverse Drug Reaction Reporting During National Deworming Day: A Prospective Quasi-Experimental Study.

Background: School teachers play a crucial role in executing administration of single dose albendazole to school children on National Deworming Day (NDD). Effective reporting of adverse drug reactions (ADRs) during such mass administration of medicines at the time of such public health programmes is vital for several policy decisions on safety. The study aims to evaluate teachers' knowledge and attitudes on ADR reporting regarding NDD and assess the impact of a sensitization program.

Safety Profile of Mass Administration of Albendazole Among School Children (6-19 Years): A Prospective Active Surveillance Study.

Background: Infections with Soil-transmitted Helminths (STHs) impact about 24% of the global population. A disproportionate number of individuals, particularly those from low socioeconomic backgrounds, live in emerging nations. In India, between the ages of one and fourteen, almost 220 million children are susceptible to intestinal worm infestations caused by parasites.

Safety monitoring of precautionary third dose of COVID-19 vaccines in a district in Northern India.

Background: The World Health Organization (WHO) declared Coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) caused by Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) a pandemic on March 11, 2020. On 16 January 2021, India began its vaccination programme using two COVID-19 vaccines (Covishield and Covaxin). Precautionary dose (booster shots) was administered to health and front-line workers in the beginning and then to all eligible populations.

Declarative Logic-Based Pareto-Optimal Agent Decision Making.

There are many applications where an autonomous agent can perform many sets of actions. It must choose one set of actions based on some behavioral constraints on the agent. Past work has used deontic logic to declaratively express such constraints in logic, and developed the concept of a feasible status set (FSS), a set of actions that satisfy these constraints.

Management of an Unusual Penetrating Neck Injury with an Iron Rod in a Tertiary Care Centre.

The majority of the neck injuries are linked either to aggression or self inflicted cut throat or firearm injuries. Here we present a rare case of a penetrating neck injury by an iron rod, which was sustained due to accidental fall at home. A very long, rusted, iron TMT bar about 10 mm diameter, with entangled clothing with hooks on it, had penetrated the neck of the patient from below the mandible in the left side and exited through the oral cavity on the right angle of the mouth.

Orthogonal Inverse-Electron-Demand Cycloaddition Reactions Controlled by Frontier Molecular Orbital Interactions.

Chemoselective pairs of bioorthogonal reactants enable the simultaneous labeling of several biomolecules. Here, we access orthogonal click reactions by exploiting differences in frontier molecular orbital interaction energies in transition states. We establish that five-membered cyclic dienes are inert to isonitriles but readily react with strained alkynes, while tetrazines with bulky substituents readily react with isonitriles.

Dominant Aero-Allergens Involved in Causing Allergic Rhinitis with Special Reference to Dust Mite Allergy and Skin Prick Test in Tripura: A Prospective Study.

Allergic rhinitis (AR) is one of the commonest forms of allergy in the world which causes significant morbidity. The prevalence has all the more increased because of increasing air pollution. Though skin prick testing (SPT) and sublingual immunotherapy (SLIT) have now been widely accepted world wide as important tool, offering prospective long term remission or cure for allergic rhinitis yet some still debate the accuracy and efficacy of both.

Anti-stigma training and positive changes in mental illness stigma outcomes in medical students in ten countries: a mediation analysis on pathways via empathy development and anxiety reduction.

Purpose: Studies of mental illness stigma reduction interventions have been criticised for failing to evaluate behavioural outcomes and mechanisms of action. This project evaluates training for medical students entitled 'Responding to Experienced and Anticipated Discrimination' (READ), developed to focus on skills in addition to attitudes and knowledge. We aimed to (i) evaluate the effectiveness of READ with respect to knowledge, attitudes, and clinical communication skills in responding to mental illness-related discrimination, and (ii) investigate whether its potential effectiveness was mediated via empathy or/and intergroup anxiety.

Independent Supported Housing for Non-homeless People With Serious Mental Illness: A Pragmatic Randomized Controlled Trial.

Background: Independent supported housing (ISH)-services to support independent housing are recommended by current guidelines. However, there is little evidence of ISH models for non-homeless people with severe mental illness (SMI). The aim of this study was to examine the effectiveness of ISH by comparing the clinical outcomes of a newly implemented ISH service with regular housing and support services.

ADR Profile of the Covishield Vaccine Among Healthcare Workers in a Tertiary Care Teaching Hospital in India.

Background: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is caused by Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2/2019-nCoV). Though many classes of drugs have been advocated/used for the treatment of this disease, vaccines are being targeted for its ultimate prevention. Indian Government has approved Covishield (ChAdOx1 nCoV19 Corona Virus Vaccine-Recombinant) for restricted use in emergency circumstances.

Mechanisms and Substituent Effects of Metal-Free Bioorthogonal Reactions.

Reactions that occur under physiological conditions find diverse uses in the chemical and biological sciences. However, the limitations that biological systems place on chemical reactions restrict the number of such bioorthogonal reactions. A profound understanding of the mechanistic principles and structure-reactivity trends of these transformations is therefore critical to access new and improved versions of bioorthogonal chemistry.

Impact of Climatic Variations on Drug-induced Skin Reactions in Two Different Regions of India.

Background: Around 2-3% of hospitalizations have been reported due to dermatological adverse drug reactions. Recent studies suggest that climatic variations affect the skin barrier function and extreme conditions aggravate skin disorders.

Objective: The present study was designed to compare the impact of climatic variations on drug-induced skin reactions in the Northern and Eastern regions of India.

Evaluation of Efficacy of Curcumin along with Lycopene and Piperine in the Management of Oral Submucous Fibrosis.

Context: Oral submucous fibrosis (OSMF) is a high-risk premalignant condition of the oral cavity and oropharynx. Complete regression of the disease is still not possible with available treatment modalities.

Aims: The aim of the study was to evaluate the efficacy of curcumin, lycopene, and piperine as a combination in the management of OSMF.

Large Structural Shear Deformation and Failure Monitoring Using Bend Losses in Polymer Optical Fibre.

Rapid identification of structural damage positions is essential to the post-disaster rehabilitation of structures and infrastructures. Large shear deformation, e.g.

Tuning Isonitrile/Tetrazine Chemistry for Accelerated Deprotection and Formation of Stable Conjugates.

The isocyano group is a valuable functionality for bioorthogonal reactions because it rapidly reacts with tetrazines to either form stable conjugates or release payloads from 3-isocyanopropyl groups. Here we provide mechanistic insights into the dissociative steps that follow the initial cycloaddition and analyze how structural modifications affect these processes. Three main outcomes of this study have important implications for designing such groups for bioorthogonal applications.

Responding to experienced and anticipated discrimination (READ): anti -stigma training for medical students towards patients with mental illness - study protocol for an international multisite non-randomised controlled study.

Background: Stigma and discrimination are a significant public health concern and cause great distress to people with mental illness. Healthcare professionals have been identified as one source of this discrimination. In this article we describe the protocol of an international, multisite controlled study, evaluating the effectiveness of READ, an anti-stigma training for medical students towards patients with mental illness.

Oral squamous cell carcinoma profile in North-Eastern regions of India from habits to histopathology: A hospital-based study.

Background: Head and neck cancers constitute about 5%-8% of total body cancers in Europe, America, but in India, this figure is somewhat higher. The aim of this study is to evaluate the current burden of oral cancers in India, particularly North-East India.

Materials And Methods: A full-length study starting from patient counseling to clinical and histopathological examination and grading was planned.

Optimal choice of k-mer in composition vector method for genome sequence comparison.

Several proteins and genes are members of families that share a public evolutionary. In order to outline the evolutionary relationships and to recognize conserved patterns, sequence comparison becomes an emerging process. The current work investigates critically the k-mer role in composition vector method for comparing genome sequences.

Liaison psychiatry professionals' views of general hospital care for patients with mental illness: The care of patients with mental illness in the general hospital setting.

Objective: Explore the experiences of liaison psychiatry professionals, to gain a greater understanding of the quality of care patients with mental illness receive in the general hospital setting; the factors that affect the quality of care; and their insights on interventions that could improve care.

Methods: A survey questionnaire and qualitative in depth interviews were used to collect data. Data collection took place at the Royal College of Psychiatrists Faculty of Liaison Psychiatry Annual conference.

Interventions to reduce discrimination and stigma: the state of the art.

Background: There is a rich literature on the nature of mental health-related stigma and the processes by which it severely affects the life chances of people with mental health problems. However, applying this knowledge to deliver and evaluate interventions to reduce discrimination and stigma in a lasting way is a complex and long-term challenge.

Methods: We conducted a narrative synthesis of systematic reviews published since 2012, and supplemented this with papers published subsequently as examples of more recent work.

Embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma: A rare oral tumor.

Rhabdomyosarcoma is the malignant neoplasm of striated muscle and a relatively uncommon tumor of the oral cavity. Embryonal variety is the most common subtype, observed in children below 10 years of age but occasionally seen in adolescents and young adults. The present report describes a case of embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma in the left posterior buccal mucosa, with extension in the adjacent alveolus, soft palate, oropharynx and nasopharynx of a 17-year-old female.