Renal Recovery in Critically Ill Adult Patients Treated with Veno-Venous Or Veno-Arterial Extra Corporeal Membrane Oxygenation: a Retrospective Cohort Analysis.

Introduction: Patients on extracorporeal membrane oxygenator (ECMO) therapy are critically ill and often develop acute kidney injury (AKI) during hospitalisation. Little is known about the association of exposure to and the effect of the type of ECMO and extent of renal recovery after AKI development.

Aim Of The Study: In patients who developed AKI, renal recovery was characterised as complete, partial or dialysis-dependent at the time of hospital discharge in both the Veno-Arterial (VA) and Veno-Venous (VV) ECMO treatment groups.

Renal replacement treatment initiation with twice-weekly versus thrice-weekly haemodialysis in patients with incident dialysis-dependent kidney disease: rationale and design of the TWOPLUS pilot clinical trial.

Introduction: The optimal haemodialysis (HD) prescription-frequency and dose-for patients with incident dialysis-dependent kidney disease (DDKD) and substantial residual kidney function (RKF)-that is, renal urea clearance ≥2 mL/min/1.73 m and urine volume ≥500 mL/day-is not known. The aim of the present study is to test the feasibility and safety of a simple, reliable prescription of incremental HD in patients with incident DDKD and RKF.

Text Messaging and Home Blood Pressure Monitoring for Patients with Uncontrolled Hypertension: Proposal for a Feasibility Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial.

Background: A decrease in blood pressure, even modestly (ie, 2 mmHg), lowers cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Low patient adherence to antihypertensive medication is the most significant modifiable patient-related barrier to achieving controlled blood pressure. Preliminary studies have shown that SMS text messaging and home blood pressure monitoring (HBPM) can be effective in promoting medication adherence and blood pressure control.

Development and validation of a biomonitoring method to measure As, Cr, and Ni in human urine samples by ICP-UCT-MS.

We developed an inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) method using Universal Cell Technology (UCT) with a PerkinElmer NexION ICP-MS, to measure arsenic (As), chromium (Cr), and nickel (Ni) in human urine samples. The advancements of the UCT allowed us to expand the calibration range to make the method applicable for both low concentrations of biomonitoring applications and high concentrations that may be observed from acute exposures and emergency response. Our method analyzes As and Ni in kinetic energy discrimination (KED) mode with helium (He) gas, and Cr in dynamic reaction cell (DRC) mode with ammonia (NH) gas.

CD103+ tumor-resident CD8+ T cell numbers underlie improved patient survival in oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma.

Background: Human Papillomavirus (HPV) associated oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC) is one of the fastest growing cancers in the Western world. When compared to OPSCCs induced by smoking or alcohol, patients with HPV+ OPSCC, have better survival and the mechanisms remain unclear.

Methods: The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database was examined for genes associated with tissue-resident CD8+ T cells.

Significant association of PD-L1 expression with human papillomavirus positivity and its prognostic impact in oropharyngeal cancer.

Background: The programmed death pathway plays a role in persistent human papillomavirus (HPV) infection as well as in resistance to immune elimination during malignant progression. In this study, we examined PD-L1 expression by immunohistochemistry and tumour infiltrating lymphocytes (TIL) in 214 patients with oropharyngeal squamous cell cancer (OPSCC) to assess its clinical significance.

Results: HPV-positive OPSCC were significantly more likely to express PD-L1 than HPV-negative OPSCC (85.

Frequency of Transition From Stage A to Stage B Heart Failure After Initiating Potentially Cardiotoxic Chemotherapy.

Objectives: This study sought to determine the prevalence of American Heart Association/American College of Cardiology Foundation (AHA/ACCF) heart failure (HF) stages after potentially cardiotoxic chemotherapy was initiated.

Background: For individuals receiving potentially cardiotoxic chemotherapy, the frequency of transitioning from Stage A to more advanced HF stages is not well described.

Methods: In 143 Stage A HF patients with breast cancer, lymphoma and leukemia, renal cell carcinoma, or sarcoma prior to and then at 3, 6, and 12 to 24 months after potentially cardiotoxic chemotherapy was initiated, we obtained blinded cardiac magnetic resonance measurements of left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF).

Assessing the stability of Cd, Mn, Pb, Se, and total Hg in whole human blood by ICP-DRC-MS as a function of temperature and time.

Background: Comprehensive information on the effect of time and temperature storage on the measurement of elements in human, whole blood (WB) by inductively coupled plasma-dynamic reaction cell-mass spectrometry (ICP-DRC-MS) is lacking, particularly for Mn and Se.

Methods: Human WB was spiked at 3 concentration levels, dispensed, and then stored at 5 different temperatures: -70 °C, -20 °C, 4 °C, 23 °C, and 37 °C. At 3 and 5 weeks, and at 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 36 months, samples were analyzed for Pb, Cd, Mn, Se and total Hg, using ICP-DRC-MS.

Pharmacologic Treatment of Hypertensive Urgency in the Outpatient Setting: A Systematic Review.

Background: Hypertensive urgency (HU), defined as acute severe uncontrolled hypertension without end-organ damage, is a common condition. Despite its association with long-term morbidity and mortality, guidance regarding immediate management is sparse. Our objective was to summarize the evidence examining the effects of antihypertensive medications to treat.

Analysis of whole human blood for Pb, Cd, Hg, Se, and Mn by ICP-DRC-MS for biomonitoring and acute exposures.

We improved our inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) whole blood method [1] for determination of lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd), and mercury (Hg) by including manganese (Mn) and selenium (Se), and expanding the calibration range of all analytes. The method is validated on a PerkinElmer (PE) ELAN® DRC II ICP-MS (ICP-DRC-MS) and uses the Dynamic Reaction Cell (DRC) technology to attenuate interfering background ion signals via ion-molecule reactions. Methane gas (CH) eliminates background signal from Ar to permit determination of Se, and oxygen gas (O) eliminates several polyatomic interferences (e.

PD-L1 expression in tonsillar cancer is associated with human papillomavirus positivity and improved survival: implications for anti-PD1 clinical trials.

In this study, we examined PD-L1 expression by immunohistochemistry in 99 patients with tonsillar cancer and known human papillomavirus (HPV) status to assess its clinical significance. We showed that the pattern of PD-L1 expression is strongly related to HPV status. The PD-L1 positivity rate was 83.

Relationships between p53 mutation, HPV status and outcome in oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma.

Background And Purpose: This study aimed to examine the rate and type of p53 mutation in oropharyngeal cancer (OSCC). Relationships were sought between human papillomavirus (HPV) status and p53 mutation. The role of p53 mutation as a prognostic factor independent of HPV status and as a modifier of the effect of HPV on outcomes was also examined.

E6 viral protein ratio correlates with outcomes in human papillomavirus related oropharyngeal cancer.

The study aimed to identify prognostic markers to improve the management of patients with HPV positive OSCC Methods: We determined the ratio of HPV E6*I and E6*II splice variants by quantitative RT-PCR in 177 HPV positive OSCC and correlated the findings with other clinicopathological data Results: There was no significant difference in locoregional recurrence (HR 1.72 p = 0.24) and death (HR 1.

Rising prevalence of human papillomavirus-related oropharyngeal cancer in Australia over the last 2 decades.

Background: This study provides Australian data on the characteristics of human papillomavirus (HPV)-related oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) over the last 2 decades.

Methods: The HPV status of 515 patients with oropharyngeal SCC diagnosed between 1987 and 2010 was determined by HPV E6-targeted multiplex real time polymerase chain reaction assay (PCR) and p16 immunohistochemistry.

Results: The HPV positivity rate increased from 20.

Ki67 Expression has Prognostic Significance in Relation to Human Papillomavirus Status in Oropharyngeal Squamous Cell Carcinoma.

Background: Human papillomavirus (HPV) is the major predictor of outcome in oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) but the disease is heterogeneous and there is limited understanding of the prognostic significance of other molecular markers in relation to HPV. This multi-institutional, retrospective study examined the prognostic significance of Ki67 expression in association with HPV status in OSCC.

Methods: The 105 patients recruited had a median follow-up of 70 months.

Analytical method for total chromium and nickel in urine using an inductively coupled plasma-universal cell technology-mass spectrometer (ICP-UCT-MS) in kinetic energy discrimination (KED) mode.

Biomonitoring and emergency response measurements are an important aspect of the Division of Laboratory Sciences of the National Center for Environmental Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). The continuing advancement in instrumentation allows for enhancements to existing analytical methods. Prior to this work, chromium and nickel were analyzed on a sector field inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometer (SF-ICP-MS).

The prognostic significance of hypoxia inducing factor 1-α in oropharyngeal cancer in relation to human papillomavirus status.

Objectives: This study examines the prognostic significance of hypoxia inducing factor-1α (HIF-1α) expression in relation to human papillomavirus (HPV) status in oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (SCC).

Materials And Methods: Clinical details on 233 oropharyngeal SCCs were extracted from institutional databases. Recurrence in any form or death from any cause was recorded for a median of 51 months after diagnosis.

HPV status of oropharyngeal cancer by combination HPV DNA/p16 testing: biological relevance of discordant results.

Background And Purpose: Human papillomavirus (HPV) causes up to 70 % of oropharyngeal cancers (OSCC). HPV positive OSCC has a more favorable outcome, thus HPV status is being used to guide treatment and predict outcome. Combination HPV DNA/p16(ink4) (p16) testing is commonly used for HPV status, but there are no standardized methods, scoring or interpretative criteria.

Human papillomavirus, smoking status and outcomes in tonsillar squamous cell carcinoma.

It is now clear that the two separate entitles of tonsillar cancer, HPV induced and non-HPV induced (smoking induced), have significantly different presenting stage and outcomes. A significant proportion of patients with human papillomavirus positive tonsillar cancer have had exposure to smoking. We examined the combined effect of human papillomavirus and smoking on the outcomes and determined whether smoking can modify the beneficial effect of human papillomavirus.

A comparison of clinical laboratory data for assigning a consensus value for manganese in a caprine blood reference material.

Biomonitoring for manganese (Mn) exposure is important due to its potential to cause adverse health effects. In this study, we investigate how different sample preparation methods (simple dilution, digestion, volumetric, gravimetric), calibration protocols (aqueous, blood-based, standard additions), and instrumental techniques affect Mn method bias and analytical imprecision. The techniques used included graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry (GFAAS), dynamic reaction cell inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (DRC-ICP-MS), and sector field (SF-) ICP-MS.

Is oral vitamin B(12) therapy effective for vitamin B(12) deficiency in patients with prior ileocystoplasty?

Purpose: We previously identified vitamin B(12) deficiency as a potential long-term consequence in pediatric patients with prior ileocystoplasty despite adequate preservation of terminal ileum. Vitamin B(12) deficiency can result in hematological and neurological deficits, of which some are irreversible. Deficiency discovered after ileocystoplasty is purportedly due to B(12) malabsorption since the principal absorption site is ileum.

Relationships between epidermal growth factor receptor expression and human papillomavirus status as markers of prognosis in oropharyngeal cancer.

Purpose: This study examines the prognostic significance of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) expression in relation to human papillomavirus (HPV) status in oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (SCC).

Materials And Methods: Pathological diagnosis of 270 oropharyngeal SCCs was verified by the study pathologist; clinical details were extracted from institutional databases. Recurrence in any form or death from any cause was recorded for a median of 2.

Use of cyclin D1 in conjunction with human papillomavirus status to predict outcome in oropharyngeal cancer.

There is increasing use of multiple molecular markers to predict prognosis in human cancer. Our aim was to examine the prognostic significance of cyclin D1 and retinoblastoma (pRb) expression in association with human papillomavirus (HPV) status in oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma. Clinical records and specimens of 226 patients with follow-up from 1 to 235 months postdiagnosis were retrieved.

Squamous cell carcinoma of the oropharynx in Australian males induced by human papillomavirus vaccine targets.

This study provides Australian data on the incidence of human papillomavirus (HPV)-related oropharyngeal cancer to aid the debate on extending the HPV vaccination programme to males. The HPV status for 302 oropharyngeal cancers diagnosed between 1987 and 2006 was determined by HPV E6-targeted multiplex real-time PCR/p16 immunohistochemistry. The overall HPV-positivity rate was 36% (94% types 16 and 18).

Prognostic significance of vascular endothelial growth factor in squamous cell carcinomas of the tonsil in relation to human papillomavirus status and epidermal growth factor receptor.

Background: Angiogenesis markers, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and microvessel density (MVD) have been associated with prognosis in squamous cell carcinomas (SCCs) of the head and neck. Other prognostic variables such as human papillomavirus (HPV) and epidermal growth factor (EGFR) may also be involved in tumour angiogenesis. This study determined relationships between VEGF, MVD, EGFR, HPV, response to radiotherapy and clinical outcome in 85 tonsillar SCCs.