Increased muscle protein breakdown in chronic hemodialysis patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Background: The presence of diabetes mellitus (DM) in chronic hemodialysis (CHD) patients has potential to increase body protein losses and muscle wasting.

Methods: In this study, we examined whole-body and skeletal muscle protein metabolism in 6 CHD patients with type 2 (T2) DM (2 male, 44.4 +/- 6.

Effects of glycemic control on target organ responses to epinephrine in type 1 diabetes.

Severe hypoglycemia occurs in intensively treated patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) due in part to deficient epinephrine counterregulatory responses. Previously, we have found that T1DM patients demonstrated a spectrum of altered responses to epinephrine at a variety of target organs compared with nondiabetic healthy subjects. What is not known is whether intensive glycemic control further modifies target organ responses in individuals with T1DM.

Differing physiological effects of epinephrine in type 1 diabetes and nondiabetic humans.

Acute increases of the key counterregulatory hormone epinephrine can be modified by a number of physiological and pathological conditions in type 1 diabetic patients (T1DM). However, it is undecided whether the physiological effects of epinephrine are also reduced in T1DM. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine whether target organ (liver, muscle, adipose tissue, pancreas, cardiovascular) responses to epinephrine differ between healthy subjects and T1DM patients.