Effects of initial vegetation heterogeneity on competition of submersed and floating macrophytes.

Non-spatial models of competition between floating aquatic vegetation (FAV) and submersed aquatic vegetation (SAV) predict a stable state of pure SAV at low total available limiting nutrient level, , a stable state of only FAV for high , and alternative stable states for intermediate , as described by an S-shaped bifurcation curve. Spatial models that include physical heterogeneity of the waterbody show that the sharp transitions between these states become smooth. We examined the effects of heterogeneous initial conditions of the vegetation types.

Modelling COVID-19 transmission dynamics in Laos under non-pharmaceutical interventions, vaccination, and replacement of SARS-CoV-2 variants.

Background: Understanding how the COVID-19 pandemic evolved under control measures is crucial to tackle the SARS-CoV-2 virus spread. Laos, a country bordering China but with late occurrence and low burden of COVID-19 compared to its neighbouring countries, was used for a case study.

Methods: A transmission model with disease reporting was proposed to investigate the impact of control measures on the SARS-CoV-2 virus spread in Laos from April 2021 to May 2022.

Modeling the Effects of Temperature and Limiting Nutrients on the Competition of an Invasive Floating Plant, , with Submersed Vegetation in a Shallow Lake.

The potential for a non-native plant species to invade a new habitat depends on broadscale factors such as climate, local factors such as nutrient availability, and the biotic community of the habitat into which the plant species is introduced. We developed a spatially explicit model to assess the risk of expansion of a floating invasive aquatic plant species (FAV), the water hyacinth (), an invader in the United States, beyond its present range. Our model used known data on growth rates and competition with a native submersed aquatic macrophyte (SAV).

Inadvertent Orbital Mitomycin C Injection as a Cause of Ptosis and Ophthalmoplegia from Orbital Necrosis.

Mitomycin C is an alkylating agent with the ability to suppress fibroblast proliferation and activity, making it a powerful antifibrotic. It has therefore become popular in glaucoma filtering surgeries, used both intraoperatively during bleb formation and postoperatively as an adjunct to bleb needling. This report presents a rare but serious risk of bleb needling with Mitomycin C at the slit lamp, where inadvertent movement of the patient resulted in an orbital injection.

Ocular manifestations and long-term complications of rhabdomyosarcoma in children.

Background/objectives: The purpose of the study was to describe the ocular manifestations of rhabdomyosarcoma in a large cohort of children.

Subject/methods: This was a retrospective observational cohort study. The medical records of all pediatric patients with head and neck rhabdomyosarcoma diagnosed between 1997 and 2021 at a tertiary-care pediatric hospital were analyzed.

Transient grating spectroscopy on a DyCo thin film with femtosecond extreme ultraviolet pulses.

Surface acoustic waves (SAWs) are excited by femtosecond extreme ultraviolet (EUV) transient gratings (TGs) in a room-temperature ferrimagnetic DyCo alloy. TGs are generated by crossing a pair of EUV pulses from a free electron laser with the wavelength of 20.8 nm matching the Co -edge, resulting in a SAW wavelength of Λ = 44 nm.

Global potential distribution of mangroves: Taking into account salt marsh interactions along latitudinal gradients.

Mangrove is one of the most productive and sensitive ecosystems in the world. Due to the complexity and specificity of mangrove habitat, the development of mangrove is regulated by several factors. Species distribution models (SDMs) are effective tools to identify the potential habitats for establishing and regenerating the ecosystem.

Mechanical power normalized to aerated lung predicts noninvasive ventilation failure and death and contributes to the benefits of proning in COVID-19 hypoxemic respiratory failure.

Background: Concern exists that noninvasive ventilation (NIV) may promote ventilation-induced lung injury(VILI) and worsen outcome in acute hypoxemic respiratory failure (AHRF). Different individual ventilatory variables have been proposed to predict clinical outcomes, with inconsistent results.Mechanical power (MP), a measure of the energy transfer rate from the ventilator to the respiratory system during mechanical ventilation, might provide solutions for this issue in the framework of predictive, preventive and personalized medicine (PPPM).

Clinical features and management of keratoconjunctivitis associated with inadequate tear drainage.

Objective: To describe clinical features and management of toxic keratoconjunctivitis associated with punctal and (or) canaliculus stenosis (toxic soup syndrome).

Design: Retrospective observational case series.

Methods: Electronic medical record database search for the keywords "toxic soup syndrome" and retrospective chart review were performed.

The Isabel Differential Diagnosis Generator for Orbital Diagnosis.

Purpose: The Isabel differential diagnosis generator is one of the most widely known electronic diagnosis decision support tools. The authors prospectively evaluated the utility of Isabel for orbital disease differential diagnosis.

Methods: The terms "proptosis," "lid retraction," "orbit inflammation," "orbit tumour," "orbit tumor, infiltrative" and "orbital tumor, well-circumscribed" were separately input into Isabel and the results were tabulated.

DiD IT?: a differences-in-differences investigation tool to quantify the impact of local incidents on public health using real-time syndromic surveillance health data.

Syndromic surveillance was originally developed to provide early warning compared to laboratory surveillance, but it is increasing used for real-time situational awareness. When a potential threat to public health is identified, a rapid assessment of its impact is required for public health management. When threats are localised, analysis is more complex as local trends need to be separated from national trends and differences compared to unaffected areas may be due to confounding factors such as deprivation or age distributions.

Risk of paediatric multisystem inflammatory syndrome (PIMS-TS) during the SARS-CoV-2 alpha and delta variant waves: National observational and modelling study, 2020-21, England.

Objectives: Paediatric Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome (PIMS-TS) is a rare life-threatening complication that typically occurs several weeks after SARS-CoV-2 infection in children and young people (CYP). We used national and regional-level data from the COVID-19 pandemic waves in England to develop a model to predict PIMS-TS cases.

Methods: SARS-CoV-2 infections in CYP aged 0-15 years in England were estimated using the PHE-Cambridge real-time model.

Wading bird foraging on a wetland landscape: a comparison of two strategies.

Tactile-feeding wading birds, such as wood storks and white ibises, require high densities of prey such as small fishes and crayfish to support themselves and their offspring during the breeding season. Prey availability in wetlands is often determined by seasonal hydrologic pulsing, such as in the subtropical Everglades, where spatial distributions of prey can vary through time, becoming heterogeneously clumped in patches, such as ponds or sloughs, as the wetland dries out. In this mathematical modeling study, we selected two possible foraging strategies to examine how they impact total energetic intake over a time scale of one day.

Directed movement changes coexistence outcomes in heterogeneous environments.

Understanding mechanisms of coexistence is a central topic in ecology. Mathematical analysis of models of competition between two identical species moving at different rates of symmetric diffusion in heterogeneous environments show that the slower mover excludes the faster one. The models have not been tested empirically and lack inclusions of a component of directed movement toward favourable areas.

Towards Building a Sustainable Future: Positioning Ecological Modelling for Impact in Ecosystems Management.

As many ecosystems worldwide are in peril, efforts to manage them sustainably require scientific advice. While numerous researchers around the world use a great variety of models to understand ecological dynamics and their responses to disturbances, only a small fraction of these models are ever used to inform ecosystem management. There seems to be a perception that ecological models are not useful for management, even though mathematical models are indispensable in many other fields.

Gaze-evoked amaurosis from idiopathic orbital inflammation.

Gaze-evoked amaurosis is a transient monocular vision loss elicited by eccentric gaze and has been reported in many orbital conditions but is most classically associated with intraconal tumors, such as cavernous hemangioma and optic nerve sheath meningioma. Here, the authors report a case of gaze-evoked amaurosis due to idiopathic orbital inflammation. The patient was a 35-year-old man who presented with vision loss only when abducting his left eye.

Carrying Capacity of Spatially Distributed Metapopulations.

Carrying capacity is a key concept in ecology. A body of theory, based on the logistic equation, has extended predictions of carrying capacity to spatially distributed, dispersing populations. However, this theory has only recently been tested empirically.

Diplopia Following the Insertion of a Canalicular Bypass Tube: Etiology, Risk Factors, Management, and Outcomes.

Purpose: To report the etiology, management, and possible risk factors for diplopia after canalicular bypass surgery.

Methods: A multicenter retrospective, noncomparative case series of patients who developed diplopia following canalicular bypass surgery were assessed.

Results: Twenty-four cases of diplopia were identified across 12 institutions.

Effect of Stressors on the Carrying Capacity of Spatially Distributed Metapopulations.

Stressors such as antibiotics, herbicides, and pollutants are becoming increasingly common in the environment. The effects of stressors on populations are typically studied in homogeneous, nonspatial settings. However, most populations in nature are spatially distributed over environmentally heterogeneous landscapes with spatially restricted dispersal.

Biophysical characterization of SARAH domain-mediated multimerization of Hippo pathway complexes in .

Hippo pathway signaling limits cell growth and proliferation and maintains the stem-cell niche. These cellular events result from the coordinated activity of a core kinase cassette that is regulated, in part, by interactions involving Hippo, Salvador, and dRassF. These interactions are mediated by a conserved coiled-coil domain, termed SARAH, in each of these proteins.

An overview of agent-based models in plant biology and ecology.

Agent-based modelling (ABM) has become an established methodology in many areas of biology, ranging from the cellular to the ecological population and community levels. In plant science, two different scales have predominated in their use of ABM. One is the scale of populations and communities, through the modelling of collections of agents representing individual plants, interacting with each other and with the environment.

Guidelines for vismodegib in the management of periocular basal cell carcinoma.

Objective: The management of advanced basal cell carcinoma (BCC) in the periocular region remains a clinical challenge. Vismodegib (Erivedge) has been approved in 2013 by Health Canada for adult patients with "histologically confirmed metastatic BCC or locally advanced BCC inappropriate for surgery or radiation." An expert consensus was sought to create a standardised approach in the use of this novel treatment.