Synchronous Parathyroidectomy and Extended Thymectomy in Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia Type 1.

A 49-year-old man presented with symptoms of hypercalcemia that had been present for 3 months. An initial chest x-ray showed a large anterior mediastinal mass. Subsequent computed tomography also demonstrated a calcified lesion in the uncinate process of the pancreas, and a neck ultrasound showed parathyroid lesions.

State Policies, Racial Disparities, and Income Support: A Way to Address Infant Outcomes and the Persistent Black-White Gap?

Low birth weight and preterm births vary by state, and Black mothers typically face twice the risk that their white counterparts do. This gap reflects an accumulation of psychosocial and material exposures that include interpersonal racism, differential experience with area-level deprivation such as residential segregation, and other harmful exposures that the authors refer to as "institutional" or "structural" racism. The authors use logistic regression models and a dataset that includes all births from 1994 to 2017 as well as five state policies from this period-Aid to Families with Dependent Children/Temporary Aid for Needy Families, housing assistance, Medicaid, minimum wage, and the earned income tax credit (EITC)-to examine whether these state social policies, designed to provide a financial safety net, are associated with risk reduction of low birth weight and preterm birth to Black and white mothers, and whether variations in state generosity attenuate the racial inequalities in birth outcomes.

Lung Cancer Surgery in the Early Phase After Acute COVID-19 Pneumonitis.

A 65-year-old woman was diagnosed with early-stage lung cancer in 2020 and scheduled for robotic assisted-left upper lobectomy. Unfortunately, the patient contracted symptomatic COVID-19, resulting in postponement of lung resection. She was admitted for surgery 6 weeks after the acute infection.

The role of work in gender identity, stress and health in low-income, middle-aged African-American men.

Although progress has been made in reducing disparities in life expectancy, addressing the persistence of health inequities by race remains a high priority for public health professionals. The purpose of this research was to refine a minority stress model (MSM) by identifying previously unrecognized factors contributing to stress and chronic disease health disparities among low-income middle-aged African-American men. Using a Community-Based Participatory Research approach, we conducted semi-structured individual health interviews with 42 low-income middle-aged African-American men in a mid-size New England city.

Long-lived particles at the energy frontier: the MATHUSLA physics case.

We examine the theoretical motivations for long-lived particle (LLP) signals at the LHC in a comprehensive survey of standard model (SM) extensions. LLPs are a common prediction of a wide range of theories that address unsolved fundamental mysteries such as naturalness, dark matter, baryogenesis and neutrino masses, and represent a natural and generic possibility for physics beyond the SM (BSM). In most cases the LLP lifetime can be treated as a free parameter from the [Formula: see text]m scale up to the Big Bang Nucleosynthesis limit of [Formula: see text] m.

New Predictions for Λ_{b}→Λ_{c} Semileptonic Decays and Tests of Heavy Quark Symmetry.

The heavy quark effective theory makes model independent predictions for semileptonic Λ_{b}→Λ_{c} decays in terms of a small set of parameters. No subleading Isgur-Wise function occurs at order Λ_{QCD}/m_{c,b}, and only two subsubleading functions enter at order Λ_{QCD}^{2}/m_{c}^{2}. These features allow us to fit the form factors and decay rates calculated up to order Λ_{QCD}^{2}/m_{c}^{2} to LHCb data and lattice QCD calculations.

Usual Care for Rural Veterans With Posttraumatic Stress Disorder.

Purpose: Community-Based Outpatient Clinics (CBOCs) provide primary-care-based mental health services to rural veterans who live long distances from Veterans Affairs (VA) hospitals. Characterizing the composition of usual care will highlight the need and potential strategies to improve access to and engagement in evidence-based psychotherapy for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD).

Method: Veterans (N = 132) with PTSD recruited from 5 large- (5,000-10,000 patients) and 6 medium-sized (1,500-4,999) CBOCs were enrolled in the usual care arm of a randomized control trial for a PTSD collaborative care study.

Towards More Precise Determinations of the Quark Mixing Phase β.

We derive a new flavor symmetry relation for the determination of the weak phase β=ϕ_{1} from time-dependent CP asymmetries and B→J/ψP decay rates. In this relation, the contributions to sin2β proportional to V_{ub} are parametrically suppressed compared to the contributions in the B→J/ψK^{0} time-dependent CP asymmetry alone. This relation uses only SU(3) flavor symmetry, and does not require further diagrammatic assumptions.

Disentangling Mass and Mixing Hierarchies.

We present a fully perturbative mechanism that naturally generates mass hierarchies for the standard model (SM) fermions in a flavor-blind sector. The dynamics generating the mass hierarchies can therefore be independent from the source of flavor violation, and hence this dynamics may operate at a much lower scale. This mechanism works by dynamically enforcing simultaneous diagonalization--alignment--among a set of flavor-breaking spurions, as well as generating highly singular spectra for them.

Telemedicine-based collaborative care for posttraumatic stress disorder: a randomized clinical trial.

Importance: Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is prevalent, persistent, and disabling. Although psychotherapy and pharmacotherapy have proven efficacious in randomized clinical trials, geographic barriers impede rural veterans from engaging in these evidence-based treatments.

Objective: To test a telemedicine-based collaborative care model designed to improve engagement in evidence-based treatment of PTSD.

Perceptions of wellness to monitor adaptive responses to training and competition in elite Australian football.

Perceptions of wellness are often used by athletes and coaches to assess adaptive responses to training. The purpose of this research was to describe how players were coping with the demands of elite level Australian football over a competitive season using subjective ratings of physical and psychological wellness and to assess the ecological validity of such a monitoring approach. Twenty-seven players completed ratings for 9 items (fatigue, general muscle, hamstring, quadriceps, pain/stiffness, power, sleep quality, stress, well-being).

Influence of physical fitness, age, experience, and weekly training load on match performance in elite Australian football.

Season long competition schedules in football create unique challenges for coaches in balancing the requirements of recovery, developing and maintaining physical fitness, and adjusting the training load before each match. The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of player characteristics (physical fitness, age, and playing experience) and weekly in-season training load on elite match performance across an Australian football season. Twenty-five players (age: 24.

Reasons for antidepressant nonadherence among veterans treated in primary care clinics.

Objective: To examine the experiences of veterans (mostly middle-aged and elderly men) prescribed antidepressants, specifically with regard to different types of nonadherence, reasons for nonadherence, and side effects.

Method: A mixed-methods analysis of Department of Veterans Affairs primary care patients (N = 395) with depression (9-item depression scale of the Patient Health Questionnaire criteria) enrolled in a randomized collaborative care trial was conducted. Adherence was measured from patient self-report and pharmacy data.

Lanthanum carbonate: a review of its use in lowering serum phosphate in patients with end-stage renal disease.

Orally administered lanthanum carbonate (Fosrenol) dissociates in the acid environment of the upper gastrointestinal tract to release the cation lanthanum, which then binds dietary phosphate. Lanthanum carbonate was effective in reducing levels of serum phosphate and serum calcium x phosphate product and then maintaining these levels within target ranges for up to 6 years in adult patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) on haemodialysis or peritoneal dialysis. The reduction in serum phosphate levels with lanthanum carbonate was generally similar to that with calcium carbonate or sevelamer hydrochloride.

Aprepitant: a review of its use in the prevention of nausea and vomiting.

Aprepitant (Emend) is a neurokinin-1 (NK(1)) receptor antagonist that is able to alleviate the emetic effects of substance P. When combined with a standard regimen of a corticosteroid (dexamethasone) and a serotonin 5-HT(3) receptor antagonist (ondansetron), oral aprepitant (125 mg on day 1 then 80 mg once daily on days 2 and 3) was effective in the prevention of acute and delayed chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (CINV) associated with single or multiple cycles of highly emetogenic chemotherapy (HEC). This aprepitant regimen was also effective in the prevention of CINV in patients treated with single or multiple cycles of moderately emetogenic chemotherapy (MEC).

Inequality, race, and mortality in U.S. cities: a political and econometric review of Deaton and Lubotsky (56:6, 1139-1153, 2003).

Our replication of Deaton and Lubotsky's [(2003). Mortality, inequality and race in American cities and states. Social Science & Medicine, 56.

Eslicarbazepine acetate.

Eslicarbazepine acetate, a prodrug of eslicarbazepine (S-licarbazepine), is a novel, voltage-gated sodium channel antagonist under development for the adjunctive treatment of adult patients experiencing treatment-refractory partial-onset seizures. * In phase III trials, eslicarbazepine acetate 800 and 1200 mg once daily significantly reduced seizure frequency compared with placebo over 12 weeks of maintenance treatment in adults experiencing partial-onset seizures who were taking 1-3 concomitant antiepileptic drugs. * During long-term, open-label treatment for up to 1 year, eslicarbazepine acetate at a median dosage of 800 mg once daily produced sustained reductions from baseline in seizure frequency.

Mosapride in gastrointestinal disorders.

Mosapride was effective in improving overall symptoms in patients with gastrointestinal disorders, including chronic gastritis, gastro-oesophageal reflux disease and functional dyspepsia. Mosapride was more effective than teprenone in improving gastric stasis symptoms and gastric pain after 2 weeks of therapy (p < 0.001) in an open-label trial in 1042 patients with functional dyspepsia.

Rosuvastatin: a review of its effect on atherosclerosis.

The HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor (statin) rosuvastatin (Crestor) is widely available for use in the management of dyslipidemia, and was recently approved in the US to slow the progression of atherosclerosis as part of a strategy to lower low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C) and total cholesterol (TC) to target levels. Rosuvastatin has greater lipid-lowering efficacy than any of the other currently available statins, and significantly more patients receiving rosuvastatin than other statins achieve LDL-C goals. Rosuvastatin delayed the progression of carotid atherosclerosis in patients with subclinical carotid atherosclerosis, moderately elevated cholesterol levels, and a low risk of cardiovascular disease in a primary prevention trial (METEOR).

Nilotinib.

Nilotinib is an orally administered BCR-ABL tyrosine kinase inhibitor that has shown good clinical efficacy in imatinib-resistant or -intolerant, Philadelphia chromosome-positive, chronic myeloid leukaemia (CML) in a phase I/II trial. The phase I component of the trial established the dosage regimen used in the phase II part of the trial, which included several arms. Three of these arms, or phase II trials, evaluated nilotinib in each of the three phases of CML (chronic, accelerated or blast crisis).

Amlodipine/Valsartan: fixed-dose combination in hypertension.

Amlodipine, a dihydropyridine calcium channel blocker, and valsartan, an angiotensin II receptor blocker, are established antihypertensive agents. Fixed-dose combinations of amlodipine/valsartan are available in several European countries and in the US. Individual dose titration with amlodipine and valsartan is generally recommended before changing to the fixed-dose combination.

Colesevelam: a review of its use in hypercholesterolemia.

Colesevelam hydrochloride (Cholestagel, WelChol is an orally administered, non-absorbable, polymeric, bile-acid-binding agent with a higher affinity for glycocholic acid in vitro and greater capacity for binding bile acids in vivo than other bile-acid-binding agents. In randomized controlled trials in patients with primary hypercholesterolemia, colesevelam monotherapy reduced mean serum low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C) levels by 9-19%. In combination with an HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor (statin) or fenofibrate, colesevelam induced additive reductions in LDL-C 10-16% greater than those achieved by monotherapy with a statin (in patients with primary hypercholesterolemia) or fenofibrate (in patients with mixed hyperlipidemia).

Delayed-release Multi Matrix System (MMX) mesalazine: in ulcerative colitis.

* Mesalazine appears to act locally on the mucosa of the colon and reduces the inflammation associated with ulcerative colitis. * Following oral administration, the majority (*78%) of a dose of delayed-release Multi Matrix System (MMX) mesalazine passes unabsorbed through the upper gastrointestinal tract to reach and traverse the entire length of the colon. * In a well designed phase III trial in patients with active, mild to moderate ulcerative colitis (n = 262), significantly (p < 0.

Drospirenone/ethinylestradiol 3mg/20microg (24/4 day regimen): a review of its use in contraception, premenstrual dysphoric disorder and moderate acne vulgaris.

Drospirenone 3mg with ethinylestradiol 20microg (Yaz) is a low-dose combined oral contraceptive (COC) administered in a regimen of 24 days of active tablets followed by a short hormone-free interval (4 days; 24/4 regimen). Drospirenone, unlike other synthetic progestogens used in COCs, is a 17alpha-spirolactone derivative and a 17alpha-spironolactone analogue with antimineralocorticoid and antiandrogenic properties. Drospirenone/ethinylestradiol 3mg/20microg (24/4) is approved in the US for the prevention of pregnancy in women, for the treatment of the symptoms of premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD) and for the treatment of moderate acne vulgaris in women who wish to use an oral contraceptive for contraception.

Spotlight on quetiapine in bipolar depression.

Quetiapine (Seroquel) is the only atypical antipsychotic approved in the US for use as monotherapy in both bipolar mania and depression, offering potential compliance advantages. Monotherapy with oral quetiapine 300 mg/day is effective in the treatment of patients with bipolar I or II depression. Rapid and sustained improvements in depressive and anxiety symptoms are seen with quetiapine, as well as improvements in health-related quality of life.