Pregnancy After 40: Recommendations for Counseling, Evaluation, and Management From Preconception to Delivery.

Importance: Pregnant patients over age 40 often have unique risk factors and potential complications before and during pregnancy that play a role in their counseling and management.

Objective: To provide practitioners an overview on how to approach preconception evaluation and counseling, prenatal care, and management of associated comorbidities, as well as potential complications, in pregnant patients over age 40.

Evidence Acquisition: Literature review was performed using OVID and PubMed, with further relevant information queried from guidelines of professional organizations.

Is a Surrogate Pregnancy a High-Risk Pregnancy?

Importance: As assisted reproductive technology has advanced, there has been an increase in gestational carriers/surrogate pregnancies. Information is needed to determine if these pregnancies are high-risk pregnancies and should be managed by maternal fetal medicine or if they are not high risk and should be cared for by residency-trained obstetricians and gynecologists.

Objective: In this review of the literature, we explore whether surrogate pregnancies should be classified as high-risk pregnancies and managed by subspecialists.

Obesity Modulates Inflammation and Lipid Metabolism Oocyte Gene Expression: A Single-Cell Transcriptome Perspective.

Context: It is hypothesized that obesity adversely affects the ovarian environment, which can disrupt oocyte maturation and embryonic development.

Objective: This study aimed to compare oocyte gene expression profiles and follicular fluid (FF) content from overweight/obese (OW) women and normal-weight (NW) women who were undergoing fertility treatments.

Design: Using single-cell transcriptomic analyses, we investigated oocyte gene expression using RNA sequencing.