Computerized Decision Support for Bladder Cancer Treatment Response Assessment in CT Urography: Effect on Diagnostic Accuracy in Multi-Institution Multi-Specialty Study.

This observer study investigates the effect of computerized artificial intelligence (AI)-based decision support system (CDSS-T) on physicians' diagnostic accuracy in assessing bladder cancer treatment response. The performance of 17 observers was evaluated when assessing bladder cancer treatment response without and with CDSS-T using pre- and post-chemotherapy CTU scans in 123 patients having 157 pre- and post-treatment cancer pairs. The impact of cancer case difficulty, observers' clinical experience, institution affiliation, specialty, and the assessment times on the observers' diagnostic performance with and without using CDSS-T were analyzed.

Comprehensive review of chromophobe renal cell carcinoma.

Chromophobe renal cell carcinoma (chRCC) is the third most common type of RCC with distinct biology compared to other kidney cancer subtypes. The heterogeneity between the RCC subtypes is associated with noticeable differences in tumor aggressiveness and risk for the development of metastatic disease. ChRCC is characterized by chromosomal aneuploidy, TP53, PTEN, and mitochondrial gene mutations.

Evaluation of the Safety and Efficacy of Immunotherapy Rechallenge in Patients With Renal Cell Carcinoma.

Importance: Several immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) are approved for use in patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC), but the efficacy and safety of ICI rechallenge in mRCC is unknown.

Objective: To evaluate the safety and efficacy of ICI rechallenge in patients with mRCC.

Design, Setting, And Participants: This multicenter, retrospective cohort study included consecutive patients with mRCC from 9 institutions in the US who received at least 2 separate lines of ICI (ICI-1, ICI-2) between January 2012 and December 2019.

Many US hospital-affiliated freestanding ambulatory surgery centers are located on hospital campuses, relevant to interpretation of studies involving ambulatory surgery.

Study Objective: The US Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality's State Ambulatory Surgery Database includes procedures performed at hospital outpatient surgery departments. We hypothesized that, among US hospitals with an anesthesia department and freestanding outpatient surgical center, the prevalence on hospital campuses (i.e.

Extracellular Matrix Hydrogel Promotes Tissue Remodeling, Arteriogenesis, and Perfusion in a Rat Hindlimb Ischemia Model.

Objective: This study aimed to examine acellular extracellular matrix based hydrogels as potential therapies for treating peripheral artery disease (PAD). We tested the efficacy of using a tissue specific injectable hydrogel, derived from decellularized porcine skeletal muscle (SKM), compared to a new human umbilical cord derived matrix (hUC) hydrogel, which could have greater potential for tissue regeneration because of its young tissue source age.

Background: The prevalence of PAD is increasing and can lead to critical limb ischemia (CLI) with potential limb amputation.

Human versus porcine tissue sourcing for an injectable myocardial matrix hydrogel.

Heart failure (HF) after myocardial infarction (MI) is a leading cause of death in the western world with a critical need for new therapies. A previously developed injectable hydrogel derived from porcine myocardial matrix (PMM) has had successful results in both small and large animal MI models. In this study, we sought to evaluate the impact of tissue source on this biomaterial, specifically comparing porcine and human myocardium sources.