Efficacy and safety of ketamine in patients with complex regional pain syndrome: a systematic review.

Despite being a recognized clinical entity for over 140 years, complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS) remains a difficult-to-treat condition. While there have been multiple therapies explored in the treatment of CRPS, NMDA antagonists such as ketamine continue to hold significant interest because of their potential ability to alter the central sensitization noted in chronic pain states. The objective of this review is to identify published literature for evidence of the efficacy and safety of ketamine in the treatment of CRPS.

Pathophysiology of the spreading of complex regional pain syndrome revisited: a case report.

Objective:   To determine if there is a relationship in our patient developing complex regional pain syndrome from a jellyfish and its subsequent spread to the contralateral side.

Methods:   Data bases were searched using PubMed and Ovid. Keywords searched include "complex regional pain syndrome,""jelly fish," and "pathophysiology.

Complications of cervical transforaminal epidural steroid injections.

Although cervical transforaminal epidural steroid injections are used in the treatment of radicular pain, there are a number of major and minor complications reported in the medical literature. These complications are limited to retrospective studies, retrospective survey studies, case reports, and data obtained from studies evaluating the benefit of cervical transforaminal steroid injections. Thus, the data are limited in value with regard to identifying evidence-based recommendations for future research.