Basis of single-seed formation in chestnut: cytomorphological observations reveal ovule developmental patterns of .

Background: Many plants, including those commonly found in the Fagaceae family, produce more flowers and ovules than mature fruits and seeds. In , an ovary contains 16-24 ovules, but only one develops into a seed. The other ovules abort or otherwise fail to fully develop, but the reason for this is unknown.

Managing flower-visiting insects is essential in : Enhance yield while ensuring quality.

The role of insects in the agriculture of plants that can rely on wind for successful pollination has been a mystery. We studied the contributions of wind-, insect-, and self-pollination in (which can receive fruits relying on the wind). The fruit set under open pollination was significantly higher than other treatments.

Methyl Jasmonate (MeJA) Promotes the Self-Pollen Tube Growth of by Regulating Lignin Biosynthesis.

Self-incompatibility (SI) poses a significant reproductive barrier, severely impacting the yield, quality, and economic value of . In this study, methyl jasmonate (MeJA) was employed as an exogenous stimulus to alleviate SI in . The research findings revealed that an exogenous dose of 1000 μmol·L MeJA enhanced the germination and tube growth of self-pollen and greatly improved ovule penetration (18.

The miR159a-DUO1 module regulates pollen development by modulating auxin biosynthesis and starch metabolism in citrus.

Achieving seedlessness in citrus varieties is one of the important objectives of citrus breeding. Male sterility associated with abnormal pollen development is an important factor in seedlessness. However, our understanding of the regulatory mechanism underlying the seedlessness phenotype in citrus is still limited.

Dynamic cytological and transcriptomic analyses provide novel insights into the mechanisms of sex determination in .

is a monoecious woody food tree species whose yield and industrialization potential are limited by its low female-to-male flower ratio. Here, the male flowers on the male inflorescence of were converted to female flowers by triple applications of exogenous cytokinin (CK) (N-(2-chloro-4-pyridyl)-N'-phenylurea, CPPU). To study the role of exogenous CK in flower sex determination, cytological and transcriptomic analyses were performed on samples from the five stages after CK treatment.

Development of a protoplast isolation system for functional gene expression and characterization using petals of Camellia Oleifera.

Protoplasts preparation and purification have been frequently used in plant genetics and breeding studies, whereas application of protoplasts in woody plants is still in its infancy. Although transient gene expression using purified protoplasts is well-documented and widely used in model plants and agriculture crops, no instance of either stable transformation or transient gene expression in the woody plant Camellia Oleifera has as of yet been reported. Here, we developed a protoplast preparation and purification method using C.

Transcriptome and Anatomical Comparisons Reveal the Effects of Methyl Jasmonate on the Seed Development of .

Seed is a major storage organ that determines the yield and quality of (). Methyl jasmonate (MeJA) is a signaling molecule involved in plant growth and development. However, the role of MeJA in the development of seeds remains a mystery.

Enhancing the accumulation of linoleic acid and α-linolenic acid through the pre-harvest ethylene treatment in .

Abel. () is an important woody edible oil tree species in China. The quality of oil (tea oil) is mainly determined by the contents of linoleic acid (LA) and α-linolenic acid (ALA).

Comparative analysis of the transcriptome during single-seed formation of Castanea henryi: regulation of starch metabolism and endogenous hormones.

Background: In seed plants, the ovule is the precursor to the seed. The process of ovule development and differentiation is regulated by multiple factors, including starch metabolism and endogenous hormones. Castanea henryi produces nuts with high nutritional value.

Integration of semi- assays and multi-omics data reveals the effect of galloylated catechins on self-pollen tube inhibition in .

oil extracted from the seeds of Abel. is a popular and high-quality edible oil, but its yield is limited by seed setting, which is mainly caused by self-incompatibility (SI). One of the obvious biological features of SI plants is the inhibition of self-pollen tubes; however, the underlying mechanism of this inhibition in is poorly understood.

Isolation, purification and PEG-mediated transient expression of mesophyll protoplasts in Camellia oleifera.

Background: Camellia oleifera (C. oleifera) is a woody edible oil crop of great economic importance. Because of the lack of modern biotechnology research, C.

Pseudopollen in and its implications for pollination ecology and taxonomy.

Background And Aims: In 1997, Tsou described the special differentiation of the connective tissues of some species of to produce single-celled powders with unique patterns called pseudopollen. The purpose of this study was to investigate the morphological structure of the pseudopollen of (Theaceae) and to study the morphology of pseudopollen in seven other species.

Methods: Scanning electron microscopy, paraffin section, light microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, histochemistry.

Deep-Eutectic-Solvent-Based Mesoporous Molecularly Imprinted Polymers for Purification of Gallic Acid from spp. Fruit Shells.

To produce antioxidant substances from agricultural waste spp. fruit shells before their further utilization, gallic acid from five kinds of spp. fruit shells was separated on specific recognition by deep eutectic solvent molecularly imprinted polymers (DES@MIPs), which were prepared by bulk polymerization using gallic acid as the template and deep eutectic solvents (α-methylacrylic acid and choline chloride) as functional monomers.

An assessment of biochar as a potential amendment to enhance plant nutrient uptake.

In a desperate attempt to find organic alternatives to synthetic fertilizers, agricultural scientists are increasingly using biochar as a soil amendment. Using chemical fertilizers results in enormous financial burdens and chronic health problems for plants and soils. Global concerns have also increased over the prolonged consumption of foods grown with artificial fertilizers and growth promotors.

Plant resistance to disease: Using biochar to inhibit harmful microbes and absorb nutrients.

Phytosanitary concerns are part of today's agricultural environment. The use of chemicals to treat plant diseases is both a source of pollution and allows pathogens to become resistant. Additionally, it can improve the chemical, physical, and biological properties of soil.

Transcriptome Analysis Reveals the Regulatory Networks of Cytokinin in Promoting Floral Feminization in .

is a monoecious plant with a low female-to-male ratio, which limits its yield. The phytohormone cytokinin (CK) plays a crucial role in flower development, especially gynoecium development. Here, the feminizing effect of CK on the development of was confirmed by the exogenous spraying of N-(2-chloro-4-pyridyl)-N'-phenylurea (CPPU).

What Are the Best Pollinator Candidates for : Do Not Forget Hoverflies and Flies.

Abel. is an important woody oil plant, and its pollination success is essential for oil production. We conducted this study to select the best pollinator candidates for using principal component analysis and multi-attribute decision-making.

Hot Carrier Transport and Carrier Multiplication Induced High Performance Vertical Graphene/Silicon Dynamic Diode Generator.

Dynamic semiconductor diode generators (DDGs) offer a potential portable and miniaturized energy source, with the advantages of high current density, low internal impedance, and independence of the rectification circuit. However, the output voltage of DDGs is generally as low as 0.1-1 V, owing to energy loss during carrier transport and inefficient carrier collection, which requires further optimization and a deeper understanding of semiconductor physical properties.