Dietary Factors, Time of the Week, Physical Fitness and Saliva Cortisol: Their Modulatory Effect on Mental Distress and Mood.

Background: The purpose of the study was to assess the effect of diet quality and physical fitness on saliva cortisol, mood, and mental distress. These relationships were compared between a peak weekday (Wednesday) and a weekend day (Saturday) when mood may fluctuate. Methods: Forty-eight healthy college students participated in the study.

Diet, Exercise, Lifestyle, and Mental Distress among Young and Mature Men and Women: A Repeated Cross-Sectional Study.

Customization of mental health therapies needs to consider the differences in degree of brain maturity between young (18-29 years) and mature (30 years or older) adults as well as brain morphology among men and women. The aim of this study was to identify the significant dietary and lifestyle contributors to mental distress in these sub-populations. Independent repeated cross-sectional sampling was performed for over a 5-year period (2014-2019) to collect data from different populations at different time-points and seasons.

Onyx versus coil embolization for the treatment of type II endoleaks.

Objective: Little evidence is available supporting the optimal treatment of type II endoleaks associated with aortic sac growth. Previous studies have lacked comparisons between treatment methods and long-term follow-up. The purpose of the present study was to review our center's experience with the treatment of type II endoleaks comparing Onyx (a liquid embolization agent consisting of ethylene vinyl alcohol; Medtronic, Minneapolis, Minn) embolization and coil embolization.

Sweat and saliva cortisol response to stress and nutrition factors.

Cortisol is a biomarker for stress monitoring; however, the biomedical and clinical relevance is still controversial due to the complexity of cortisol secretion mechanisms and their circadian cycles as well as environmental factors that affect physiological cortisol level, which include individual mood and dietary intake. To further investigate this multifaceted relationship, a human pilot study examined cortisol concentration in sweat and saliva samples collected from 48 college-aged participants during aerobic exercise sessions along with mental distress and nutrition surveys. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays determined highly significant differences between apocrine-dominant sweat (AP), saliva before exercise (SBE), and saliva after exercise (SAE) cortisol concentration (AP-SBE: p = 0.

The efficacy of a topical formulation of selamectin plus sarolaner in preventing the development of a macrocyclic lactone-resistant strain of Dirofilaria immitis in cats.

Revolution®/Stronghold® Plus, a topical endectocide incorporating 6 mg/kg selamectin plus 1 mg/kg sarolaner, is approved for use in cats to prevent heartworm disease. The efficacy of selamectin has not previously been evaluated against any macrocyclic lactone (ML)-resistant heartworm strains in cats for prevention of heartworm disease. In this study, an experimental combination formulation of selamectin (6 mg/kg) plus sarolaner (2 mg/kg) was assessed for preventing the development of a ML-resistant strain of Dirofilaria immitis in cats.

Comparison of Colorimetric Analyses to Determine Cortisol in Human Sweat.

Colorimetric analysis, which relies on a chemical reaction to facilitate a change in visible color, is a great strategy for detecting cortisol, which is necessary to diagnose and manage the wide variety of diseases related to the hormone, because it is simple in design, inexpensive, and reliable as a standard cortisol analysis technique. In this study, four different colorimetric cortisol analyses that use various chromogens, which include sulfuric acid, Porter-Silber reagent, Prussian blue, and blue tetrazolium, are studied. Modifications to the classic Porter-Silber method are made by increasing the carbon content of the alcohol and adding gold nanoparticles, which result in a twofold increase in reaction rate and a slight decrease in the limit of detection (LoD).

Long-term outcomes comparing endovascular and open abdominal aortic aneurysm repair in octogenarians.

Objective: Patients older than 80 years have significantly lower early mortality with endovascular aneurysm repair (EVAR) compared with open repair for abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAAs), but long-term results remain poorly studied. We analyzed the results of both emergent and elective AAA repair in patients aged 80 years or older who had at least 5 years of follow-up.

Methods: Retrospective review of a prospectively collected vascular surgery database was performed to identify all patients who underwent elective repair of an AAA between 2007 and 2012 and were 80 years of age or older at the time of surgery.

Plasma-Etched Pattern Transfer of Sub-10 nm Structures Using a Metal-Organic Resist and Helium Ion Beam Lithography.

Field-emission devices are promising candidates to replace silicon fin field-effect transistors as next-generation nanoelectronic components. For these devices to be adopted, nanoscale field emitters with nanoscale gaps between them need to be fabricated, requiring the transfer of, for example, sub-10 nm patterns with a sub-20 nm pitch to substrates like silicon and tungsten. New resist materials must therefore be developed that exhibit the properties of sub-10 nm resolution and high dry etch resistance.

Editor's Choice - Infrainguinal Bypass Following Failed Endovascular Intervention Compared With Primary Bypass: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Objectives: Patients with infrainguinal peripheral arterial disease often undergo multiple revascularisation procedures. Although many centres have adopted an endovascular first approach, some are reluctant to do so for fear of compromising the outcomes of any subsequent bypasses. All studies that compared the outcomes of primary infrainguinal bypass with bypass after failed endovascular intervention were analysed.

Preoperative point-of-care ultrasound and its impact on arteriovenous fistula maturation outcomes.

Objective: Duplex ultrasound as a preoperative assessment tool in the clinic may help identify anatomic factors predictive of fistula maturation. Preoperative point-of-care ultrasound (POCUS) offers surgeons an alternative to routine formal vein mapping as it can be performed by the operator during the initial clinic visit. We sought to determine the impact of POCUS as an adjunct to physical examination on arteriovenous fistula maturation.

Patient satisfaction with the consent discussion is not improved by showing patients their computed tomography or angiography images before they undergo vascular surgery.

Objective: Patient-based decision aids and other multimedia tools have been developed to help enrich the preoperative discussion between surgeon and patient. Use of these tools, however, can be time-consuming and logistically challenging. We investigated whether simply showing patients their images from preoperative computed tomography (CT) or angiography would improve patients' satisfaction with the preoperative discussion.

Higher surgeon annual volume, but not years of experience, is associated with reduced rates of postoperative complications and reoperations after open abdominal aortic aneurysm repair.

Objective: Volume-outcome relationships for open abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) repair have received less attention in publicly funded health systems. Furthermore, the roles of surgeon seniority (years of experience) and composite volume (encompassing all major arterial cases) on outcomes after open AAA repair are less well known. We sought to determine the effects of surgeon volume, surgeon years of experience, and composite volume on outcomes after elective open AAA repairs performed in Ontario, Canada.

Randomized clinical trial of negative pressure wound therapy for high-risk groin wounds in lower extremity revascularization.

Objective: The surgical site infection (SSI) rate in vascular surgery after groin incision for lower extremity revascularization can lead to significant morbidity and mortality. This trial was designed to study the effect of negative pressure wound therapy (NPWT) on SSI in closed groin wounds after lower extremity revascularization in patients at high risk for SSI.

Methods: A single-center, randomized, controlled trial was performed at an academic tertiary medical center.

Use of Supramolecular Assemblies as Lithographic Resists.

A new resist material for electron beam lithography has been created that is based on a supramolecular assembly. Initial studies revealed that with this supramolecular approach, high-resolution structures can be written that show unprecedented selectivity when exposed to etching conditions involving plasmas.

Ross, Hybrid Arch, and Frozen Elephant Trunk Reconstruction for Late Complications of Bicuspid Aortic Valve and Aortopathy.

Young patients with bicuspid aortic valve disease and aortopathy remain a clinical challenge, with many requiring multiple corrective operations throughout their lifetimes. Innovative surgical approaches are often required to address complex aortic pathologic conditions but leave patients at risk for reintervention, lifelong anticoagulation, and suboptimal hemodynamics. We describe an active 44-year-old female triathlete with recurrent bicuspid aortic stenosis, a small aortic root, a hypoplastic aortic arch and complex distal arch, and a descending aortic aneurysm, who underwent a single-stage reconstruction with a combined Ross procedure, hybrid arch, and frozen elephant trunk reconstruction.

Explaining endograft shortening during endovascular repair of abdominal aortic aneurysms in severe aortoiliac tortuosity.

Objective: During endovascular aneurysm repair (EVAR), severely tortuous aortoiliac anatomy can alter the deployment and conformability of the endograft. The accuracy of treatment length measurements is commonly recognized to be affected by severe tortuosity. However, the exact mechanism of the postintervention length discrepancy is poorly understood.

Negative pressure wound therapy for high-risk wounds in lower extremity revascularization: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial.

Background: Rates of surgical site infections (SSIs) following groin incision for femoral artery exposure are much higher than expected of a clean operation. The morbidity and mortality is high, particularly with the use of prosthetic grafts. The vascular surgery population is at an increased risk of SSIs related to peripheral vascular disease (PVD), diabetes, obesity, previous surgery and presence of tissue loss.

Fibrinogen Level and Bleeding Risk During Catheter-Directed Thrombolysis Using Tissue Plasminogen Activator.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine whether low fibrinogen levels (fibrinogen level <1.5 g/L) during catheter-directed thrombolysis are associated with an increased bleeding risk.

Methods: A retrospective review was performed on patients undergoing extremity arterial or venous thrombolysis between 2005 and 2013.

Airborne asbestos take-home exposures during handling of chrysotile-contaminated clothing following simulated full shift workplace exposures.

The potential for para-occupational, domestic, or take-home exposures from asbestos-contaminated work clothing has been acknowledged for decades, but historically has not been quantitatively well characterized. A simulation study was performed to measure airborne chrysotile concentrations associated with laundering of contaminated clothing worn during a full shift work day. Work clothing fitted onto mannequins was exposed for 6.

Similar failure and patency rates when comparing one- and two-stage basilic vein transposition.

Objective: Basilic vein transposition is recommended in patients who are not candidates for a radial or brachial artery to cephalic vein fistula for dialysis access. Both one-stage and two-stage procedures have their advantages and disadvantages. Which procedure results in improved outcomes remains unclear.

Anatomic and procedural determinants of fluoroscopy time during elective endovascular aortic aneurysm repair.

Objective: To identify both the procedural and anatomic factors which determine duration of fluoroscopy during elective endovascular aortic aneurysm repair (EVAR).

Methods: We retrospectively analyzed our prospectively maintained EVAR database for the relationship between fluoroscopy time and both procedural (type of graft, configuration, number of components, surgeon) and anatomic factors reflective of aneurysm complexity (15 variables).

Results: A total of 128 patients underwent elective EVAR with a mean fluoroscopy time of 5.

Durability and survival are similar after elective endovascular and open repair of abdominal aortic aneurysms in younger patients.

Objective: The role of endovascular repair (EVAR) of aortic aneurysms in young patients is controversial. The purpose of this study was to determine the long-term outcomes and reintervention rates in patients 60 years of age or younger who underwent elective open or endovascular repair of an abdominal aortic aneurysm.

Methods: Retrospective review of a prospectively collected vascular surgery database at a university-affiliated medical center was performed to identify all patients who underwent elective repair of an abdominal aortic aneurysm between 2000 and 2013 and were 60 years of age or younger at the time of the repair.

Endograft conformability and aortoiliac tortuosity in endovascular abdominal aortic aneurysm repair.

Purpose: To determine conformability of stent-grafts in endovascular aneurysm repair (EVAR) using centerline of flow measurements and to compare conformability in patients with severe aortoiliac tortuosity.

Methods: From 2012 to 2013, 111 consecutive patients (98 men; mean age 75.4±7.

Canadian vascular surgery residents' perceptions regarding future job opportunities.

The objective was to determine the employment environment for graduates of Canadian vascular surgery training programs. A cross-sectional survey of residents and graduates (2011-2012) was used. Thirty-seven residents were invited with a response rate of 57%, and 14 graduates with a response rate of 71%; 70% of graduates felt the job market played an important role in their decision to pursue vascular surgery as a career compared to 43% of trainees.

Identification of patient-derived outcomes after aortic aneurysm repair.

Objective: Relatively few outcomes have been examined in randomized comparisons of endovascular and open aortic aneurysm repair, and no patient input was obtained in the selection of these outcomes. The aim of this study was to identify patient-derived, potentially novel outcomes that may be used to guide future clinical trials in aneurysm surgery.

Methods: Focus group interviews were conducted with patients who had undergone endovascular or open aortic aneurysm repair.