Optimizing the Ratio of Metallic and Single-Atom Co in CoNC via Annealing Temperature Modulation for Enhanced Bifunctional Oxygen Evolution Reaction/Oxygen Reduction Reaction Activity.

Developing low-cost, efficient alternatives to catalysts for bifunctional oxygen electrode catalysis in the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) and oxygen evolution reaction (OER) is critical for advancing the practical applications of alkaline fuel cells. In this study, Co particles and single atoms co-loaded on nitrogen-doped carbon (CoNC) were synthesized via pyrolysis of a CN and cobalt nitrate mixture at varying temperatures (900, 950, and 1000 °C). The pyrolysis temperature and precursor ratios were found to significantly influence the ORR/OER performance of the resulting catalysts.

Triflic Anhydride-Mediated Friedel-Crafts Arylation of Quinazolin-4(3H)-ones.

Since the initial report, the Friedel-Crafts reaction has become a powerful tool to functionalize arenes. Nevertheless, the use of nitrogen heterocycles as electrophiles in Friedel-Crafts reactions has been less explored. Here, we show a Friedel-Crafts-like reaction of electron-rich arenes with quinazolin-4(3H)-ones, enabling late-stage C2-H arylation of quinazolin-4(3H)-ones via triflic anhydride (TfO) activation.

Azithromycin for Preventing Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia in Extremely Preterm Infants: A Cohort Study.

Objectives: To test the effect of azithromycin in reducing bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) risk in extremely preterm infants (EPI) without pulmonary infection.

Study Design: A retrospective cohort study was performed in EPI in a tertiary unit from September 2018 to September 2022. Since only Ureaplasma species positive infants were treated with azithromycin, we included infants without Ureaplasma species (no azithromycin treatment) and those diagnosed with Ureaplasma species colonization (azithromycin treatment) in the study, while infants with Ureaplasma species pneumonia were excluded.

Photoredox-Catalyzed [3+2] annulation of Aromatic Amides with Olefins via Iminium Intermediates.

Despite the preliminary success of transition metal-catalyzed [3+2] annulation of amides with olefins, the corresponding radical-type [3+2] annulation remains a laborious challenge. Herein we report the first photoredox-catalyzed radical-type [3+2] annulation of aromatic amides with olefins. We established an approach to generate unprecedented iminium radicals by reducing the oxyiminium intermediates, formed in situ from corresponding amides with TfO, via photoredox catalysis.

Visible light-induced Mallory reaction of tertiary benzanilides iminium intermediates.

The Mallory reaction, which involves the photocyclization of stilbenes/diarylethenes and their analogues into polycyclic aromatics, is of significant synthetic importance. However, its application to tertiary benzanilides has not been explored to date. Besides, most of the reported Mallory reactions require ultraviolet irradiation.

BaP/BPDE suppresses homologous recombination repair in human trophoblast cells to induce miscarriage: The roles of lnc-HZ08.

Benzo(a)pyrene (BaP) or benzo (a) pyrene 7,8-dihydrodiol-9,10-epoxide (BPDE) exposure causes trophoblast cell dysfunctions and induces miscarriage, which is generally epigenetically regulated. Homologous recombination (HR) repair of DNA double strand break (DSB) plays a crucial role in maintenance of genetic stability and cell normal functions. However, whether BaP/BPDE might suppress HR repair in human trophoblast cells to induce miscarriage, as well as its epigenetic regulatory mechanism, is largely unclear.

Conformational studies of biaryl-bridged seven-membered lactones with a quaternary carbon center.

We show the synthesis and conformational studies of a series of 7,7-disubstituted-dibenzo[,]oxepin-6(7)-ones that feature biaryl-bridged seven-membered lactones with a quaternary carbon center, in which the larger substituents prefer the axial positions. Further studies on the crystal structures and DFT calculations revealed that the high selectivity observed is attributed to the volume of substituents.

Highly Efficient and Stable Mo-CoP@FeOOH Electrocatalysts for Alkaline Seawater Splitting.

The introduction of high-valence state elements and highly active species is promisingly desired to design superior electrocatalysts for water electrolysis. Exploring scalable synthetic strategies is necessary for an in-depth understanding of the mechanism of improving electrocatalytic performance. But it remains challenging.

Copper catalyzed Shono-type oxidation of proline residues in peptide.

Since the initial report in 1975, the Shono oxidation has become a powerful tool to functionalize the α position of amines, including proline derivatives, by electrochemical oxidation. However, the application of electrochemical Shono oxidations is restricted to the preparation of simple building blocks and homogeneous Shono-type oxidation of proline derivatives remains challenging. The late-stage functionalization at proline residues embedded within peptides is highly important as substitutions about the proline ring are known to affect biological and pharmacological activities.

The Effect of Intramolecular Hydrogen Bonds on the Rotational Barriers of the Biaryl C-C Axis.

Axially chiral compounds are attracting more attention recently. Although hydrogen bonds are reported as a vital weak force that influences the properties of compounds, the effect of intramolecular hydrogen bonds on the atropisomerization of the C -C single bonds has not yet been well quantitatively investigated. Here, a series of axially chiral biaryl compounds were synthesized to study the effect of hydrogen bonds on the rotational barriers of the biaryl C-C axis.

Ssc-mir-221-3p regulates melanin production in Xiang pigs melanocytes by targeting the TYRP1 gene.

Background: MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small endogenous non-coding RNAs that regulate gene expression by down-regulating it. Several studies have suggested that miRNAs plays a crucial role in mammalian skin color production. The TYRP1 gene, a member of the tyrosine family, is an important candidate gene that affects melanogenesis.

Determinants of low birth weight among newborns delivered in China: a prospective nested case-control study in a mother and infant cohort.

This nested case-control study aimed to investigate the determinants of low birth weight among newborn babies delivered in Shenzhen, Guangdong, China. We recorded socio-demographic data, health status before pregnancy, pregnancy outcomes and complications in a Shenzhen mother and infant cohort. Among 8951 cases, 401 (4.

Comparison of pregnancy outcome after fresh embryo transfer between GnRH antagonist and GnRH agonist regimens in patients with thin endometrium.

Objective: To compare the pregnancy outcome after fresh embryo transfer between GnRH antagonist and GnRH agonist regimens in patients with thin endometrium.

Methods: This retrospective study included all fresh embryo transfers following GnRH agonist or GnRH antagonist protocols in patients with thin endometrium from 2016 to 2021. The thin endometrium was defined as an endometrial thickness of 7.

The single-cell expression profile of transposable elements and transcription factors in human early biparental and uniparental embryonic development.

Transposable elements (TEs) and transcription factors (TFs) are involved in the precise regulation of gene expression during the preimplantation stage. Activation of TEs is a key event for mammalian embryonic genome activation and preimplantation early embryonic development. TFs are involved in the regulation of drastic changes in gene expression patterns, but an inventory of the interplay between TEs and TFs during normal/abnormal human embryonic development is still lacking.

Circular RNA hsa-circ-0005238 enhances trophoblast migration, invasion and suppresses apoptosis the miR-370-3p/CDC25B axis.

Background: Fetal growth restriction (FGR) is attributed to various maternal, fetal, and placental factors. Trophoblasts participate in the establishment and maintenance of pregnancy from implantation and placentation to providing nutrition to fetus. Studies have reported that impaired trophoblast invasion and proliferation are among factors driving development of FGR.

Intrinsically unidirectional chemically fuelled rotary molecular motors.

Biological systems mainly utilize chemical energy to fuel autonomous molecular motors, enabling the system to be driven out of equilibrium. Taking inspiration from rotary motors such as the bacterial flagellar motor and adenosine triphosphate synthase, and building on the success of light-powered unidirectional rotary molecular motors, scientists have pursued the design of synthetic molecular motors solely driven by chemical energy. However, designing artificial rotary molecular motors operating autonomously using a chemical fuel and simultaneously featuring the intrinsic structural design elements to allow full 360° unidirectional rotary motion like adenosine triphosphate synthase remains challenging.

para-Selective Radical Trifluoromethylation of Benzamide Derivatives via Iminium Intermediates.

The direct C-H trifluoromethylation of arenes via a radical pathway has attracted considerable attention recently. However, a major challenge of C-H trifluoromethylation is the lack of site-selectivity on the phenyl ring especially para-selectivity. Herein we show a new strategy for para-selective C-H trifluoromethylation of benzamide derivatives using iminium activation.

Realizing high performance flexible supercapacitors by electrode modification.

It is well known that the structure of an electrode material seriously affects its electrochemical performance. In this study, we prepare hybrid structured NiCoS@PPy nanoarchitectures by a hydrothermal method and subsequent electrodeposition process. The specific capacitance of the obtained sample is 1733.

Hierarchical CoO@NiS electrode materials for energy storage and conversion.

Transition metal oxides are considered to be one of the most potential electrode materials. However, poor conductivity and insufficient active sites limit their actual applications. Rationally designed electrode materials with unique structural features can be ascribed to the efficient route for enhancing electrochemical performance.

Constructing High Efficiency CoZn Mn O Electrocatalyst by Regulating the Electronic Structure and Surface Reconstruction.

It is an effective strategy to develop novel electrocatalysts with controllable defects to enhance their electrocatalytic activity and stability. However, how to precisely design these catalysts on the atom scale remains very difficult. Herein, several vacancy-dependent CoZn Mn O catalysts are prepared through tailoring the concentration of Zn ions.

Platelet Count Might Be Associated With the Closure of Hemodynamically Significant Patent Ductus Arteriosus.

Platelet-rich thrombosis leads to the occlusion of arteries. Whether the association between platelet count and closure of hemodynamically significant patent ductus arteriosus (hsPDA) exists remains inconclusive. Given that neonatal platelet count is significantly affected by infection, this study aims to evaluate the association of platelet parameters before ibuprofen treatment with the closure of hsPDA in very low birth weight (VLBW) infants without concurrent infection.

The Dynamic Changes of Transcription Factors During the Development Processes of Human Biparental and Uniparental Embryos.

Previous studies have revealed that transcription factors (TFs) play important roles in biparental (BI) early human embryogenesis. However, the contribution of TFs during early uniparental embryo development is still largely unknown. Here we systematically studied the expression profiles of transcription factors in early embryonic development and revealed the dynamic changes of TFs in human biparental and uniparental embryogenesis by single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq).

The novel indomethacin derivative CZ-212-3 exerts antitumor effects on castration-resistant prostate cancer by degrading androgen receptor and its variants.

Androgen receptor (AR) serves as a main therapeutic target for prostate cancer (PCa). However, resistance to anti-androgen therapy (SAT) inevitably occurs. Indomethacin is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug that exhibits activity against prostate cancer.