COVID-19 and mental health among college students in the southwestern United States.

We examined COVID-19-related experiences, mental health, and future plans among US undergraduate and graduate students in the initial months of the pandemic. 72 students (68% female; 51.4% white; age x- =24.

An integrated flow cytometry-based platform for isolation and molecular characterization of circulating tumor single cells and clusters.

Comprehensive molecular analysis of rare circulating tumor cells (CTCs) and cell clusters is often hampered by low throughput and purity, as well as cell loss. To address this, we developed a fully integrated platform for flow cytometry-based isolation of CTCs and clusters from blood that can be combined with whole transcriptome analysis or targeted RNA transcript quantification. Downstream molecular signature can be linked to cell phenotype through index sorting.

Remarkable oxidation stability of glycals: excellent substrates for cerium(IV)-mediated radical reactions.

The remarkable stability of glycals under oxidative conditions becomes apparent by their redox data in solution, computed HOMO energies, and behavior on the addition of electrophilic radicals generated in the presence of cerium(IV) ammonium nitrate. Oxidation potentials up to 2.03 V vs ferrocene were obtained, which are exceptionally high for cyclic enol ethers but correlate nicely with the reaction times of the radical reactions.

Prediction of gas chromatographic retention indices of a diverse set of toxicologically relevant compounds.

For a set of 846 organic compounds, relevant in forensic analytical chemistry, with highly diverse chemical structures, the gas chromatographic Kovats retention indices have been quantitatively modeled by using a large set of molecular descriptors generated by software Dragon. Best and very similar performances for prediction have been obtained by a partial least squares regression (PLS) model using all considered 529 descriptors, and a multiple linear regression (MLR) model using only 15 descriptors obtained by a stepwise feature selection. The standard deviations of the prediction errors (SEP), were estimated in four experiments with differently distributed training and prediction sets.

Systematic toxicological analysis: computer-assisted identification of poisons in biological materials.

A new software was developed to improve the chances for identification of a "general unknown" in complex biological materials. To achieve this goal, the total ion current chromatogram was simplified by filtering the acquired mass spectra via an automated subtraction procedure, which removed mass spectra originating from the sample matrix, as well as interfering substances from the extraction procedure. It could be shown that this tool emphasizes mass spectra of exceptional compounds, and therefore provides the forensic toxicologist with further evidence-even in cases where mass spectral data of the unknown compound are not available in "standard" spectral libraries.

The earliest step in B lineage differentiation from common lymphoid progenitors is critically dependent upon interleukin 7.

Little is known about the signals that promote early B lineage differentiation from common lymphoid progenitors (CLPs). Using a stromal-free culture system, we show that interleukin (IL)-7 is sufficient to promote the in vitro differentiation of CLPs into B220(+) CD19(+) B lineage progenitors. Consistent with current models of early B cell development, surface expression of B220 was initiated before CD19 and was accompanied by the loss of T lineage potential.

Resolution of three nonproliferative immature splenic B cell subsets reveals multiple selection points during peripheral B cell maturation.

Although immature/transitional peripheral B cells may remain susceptible to selection pressures before full maturation, the nature and timing of these selection events remain unclear. We show that correlated expression of surface (s) IgM (sIgM), CD23, and AA4 defines three nonproliferative subpopulations of immature/transitional peripheral B cells. We designate these populations transitional (T) 1 (AA4(+)CD23(-)sIgM(high)), T2 (AA4(+)CD23(+)sIgM(high)), and T3 (AA4(+)CD23(+)sIgM(low)).

A common pathway for dendritic cell and early B cell development.

B cells and dendritic cells (DCs) each develop from poorly described progenitor cells in the bone marrow (BM). Although a subset of DCs has been proposed to arise from lymphoid progenitors, a common developmental pathway for B cells and BM-derived DCs has not been clearly identified. To address this possibility, we performed a comprehensive analysis of DC differentiative potential among lymphoid and B lymphoid progenitor populations in adult mouse BM.

[Encephalopathy following poisoning with an anticholinergic agent].

A 55-year-old chemical laboratory technician developed mydriasis and ocular hypertension, which lasted for 6 weeks, after synthesizing several kilograms of a scopolamine-related test agent with anticholinergic action and then decanting a powdery intermediary substance, the dust of which he may have inhaled. Six weeks later he suddenly had symptoms of an acute intoxication while synthesizing a scopolamine-related substance. The anticholinergic delirium regressed completely within one day requiring no treatment.

Idiopathic extension contracture of the cervical spine: a report of two cases.

Two cases of a previously undescribed condition are reported. Both patients had an extension contracture of the cervical spine, secondary to a tight ligamentum nuchae. This condition has not been described in patients without an underlying disease process.

Multiple pterygium syndrome. An overview.

The longitudinal course of two sisters with multiple pterygium syndrome is reported. The findings in these siblings are compared with those of 27 children described in the medical literature. The longitudinal course of short stature, scoliosis, talipes equinovarus, pterygia, hearing loss, and pubertal and intellectual development in this syndrome is described.

Improving depression severity assessment--II. Content, concurrent and external validity of three observer depression scales.

The Hamilton Depression Scale (HAMD), the Montgomery-Asberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS) and the Bech-Rafaelsen Melancholia Scale (BRMS) were compared with respect to content, concurrent and external validity in sample of 130 patients with a major depressive episode. The three scales did equally well in concurrent and external validity. The HAMD showed some deficiencies in content validity.

Guidelines for the use of digital tourniquets based on physiological pressure measurements.

A potential complication of a digital tourniquet is neurovascular damage due to excessive tissue pressure. A technique for measuring digital tourniquet pressures was developed in our laboratory and was tested on fresh cadaver hands in order to establish guidelines for proper application of tourniquets. A saphenous vein from a fresh cadaver was laid subcutaneously along the neurovascular bundle of the test finger.

Treatment of renal artery embolism.

Renal artery embolectomy was performed on four patients. There was no operative mortality. Four of the five affected kidneys were salvaged.

[Occupational rehabilitation of psychiatric patients--psychological diagnosis and counseling].

Rehabilitative measures should not set in only after a patient's discharge from hospital but already during his in-patient stay. This applies in particular relative to the occupational integration or reintegration of psychiatric patients, all the more so since rehabilitation always includes a certain measure of prevention. The author presents the system of occupational rehabilitation consulting hours practised at the Psychiatric Clinic of the University of Mainz for some 15 years now, in which some 800 patients have so far been counselled; further, the work of the clinical psychologist in the framework of this rehabilitative measure is described.

[Development of a HAWIE (Hamburg Wechsler Intelligence Test for Adults) short form for examination and assessment].

As the use of the HAWIE complete form within the framework of conducting a forensic examination and producing an expert report seemed too extravagant to us, by means of using statistical procedures, we developed a short form consisting of the four sub-tests General Information (AW), Digit Span (ZN), Similarities (GF), and Block Design (MT), which correlated to the power of the long form (rxy = 0.905). 300 HAWIE reports by Ss, which were examined for forensic expert report purposes, served as our basis.

Patterns of failure following surgery alone for colorectal carcinoma.

Two hundred fifty-one patients with colorectal carcinoma were studied following complete primary resection to determine patterns of failure. Seventy-two patients (29%) subsequently developed failures: Local failure (LF) occurred as the only failure in 49% of the failure group and as some component in 81%; distant metastases (DM) occurred in 19% and 47%, respectively. The groups at highest risk for local failure were those with extension of tumor through the bowel wall whether the nodes were involved or not.

Evaluation of adjuvant postoperative radiotherapy for lung cancer.

One hundred eighteen patients with lung cancer were retrospectively analyzed to determine whether postoperative radiotherapy (RT) improves survival. Patterns of treatment failure and three year NED (no evidence of disease) survival rates were assessed according to extent of tumor spread, histology, and treatment method. Patients with hilar or mediastinal node metastases were at higher risk of local failure compared to those with negative nodes.

Carcinoma of the lung: evaluation of histological grade and factors influencing prognosis.

The results in 96 patients with lung cancer who underwent lobectomy or pneumonectomy were analyzed. In reviewing the case histories of these patients, it became apparent that those with poorly differentiated tumor (grade 3) have an increased likelihood of positive lymph node metastases compared with those with well-differentiated (grade 1) or moderately differentiated (grade 2) tumor. Poor differentiation of the tumor, vascular invasion, and lymph node metastases appear to represent poor prognostic indices in patients undergoing operation.

The role of vascular laboratory criteria in the selection of patients for lower extremity amputation.

We evaluated clinical and vascular laboratory data on 126 patients with below-knee or forefoot amputation. Vascular laboratory examination included Doppler systolic blood pressure and arterial wave form analysis using the segmental plethysmograph. Fifty-four patients had below-knee amputation.

Avulsion of the innominate artery from the aortic arch associated with a posterior tracheal tear.

The management of a patient with avulsion of the innominate artery from the aortic arch associated with a longitudinal tear on the posterior aspect of the trachea is discussed. It is obviously important to make both diagnoses preoperatively to determine priorities in the surgical management. If the airway injury can be managed by tracheal intubation, then it is recommended that the vascular injury be repaired first.