Investigation of Active Components of (Maxim.) Franch in Mitigating Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease.

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has rapidly emerged as the most prevalent chronic liver disease globally, representing a significant and escalating public health challenge. (Maxim.) Franch, a traditional Tibetan medicinal herb used for treating hepatitis, remains largely unexplored regarding its therapeutic potential and active components in combating NAFLD.

Macrocyclic catalysis mediated by water: opportunities and challenges.

Nanospaces within enzymes play a crucial role in chemical reactions in biological systems, garnering significant attention from supramolecular chemists. Inspired by the highly efficient catalysis of enzymes, artificial supramolecular hosts have been developed and widely employed in various reactions, paving the way for innovative and selective catalytic processes and offering new insights into enzymatic catalytic mechanisms. In supramolecular macrocycle systems, weak non-covalent interactions are exploited to enhance substrate solubility, increase local concentration, and stabilize the transition state, ultimately accelerating reaction rates and improving product selectivity.

Deep learning-based general beam synthesis for atmospheric propagation.

Optimizing the transmit light beams unlocks the full potential of free-space optical systems. However, designing application-specific light beams remains a challenge, especially for those traversing random media. In this study, we address this gap by proposing a deep learning-based method to generate optimal beams for propagation through atmospheric turbulence.

Deciphering the Multifaceted Immune Landscape of Unresectable Primary Liver Cancer to Predict Immunotherapy Response.

Immunotherapies employing PD-1/PD-L1 immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) are vital for primary liver cancer (PLC), but response rates remain unsatisfying. Accurate differentiation of responders from non-responders to immunotherapy is imperative. Here, single-cell-scaled mass cytometry analysis on sequential peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from ICI-treated PLC patients is conducted, and tissue residence of immune subpopulations is assessed via multiplex immunohistochemistry.

Caffeoylquinic acids from Silphium perfoliatum L. show hepatoprotective effects on cholestatic mice by regulating enterohepatic circulation of bile acids.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: The incidence of cholestatic liver disease (CLD), which is primarily marked by abnormal bile acids (BAs) metabolism and can result in significant hepatic injury, is rising. Nevertheless, there remains a lack of effective treatments and drugs in clinical practice. Silphium perfoliatum L.

Three species of rape responded to cadmium and melatonin alleviating Cd-toxicity in species-specific strategy.

Cadmium (Cd) pollution has been a significant concern in heavy metal pollution, prompting plants to adopt various strategies to mitigate its damage. While the response of plants to Cd stress and the impact of exogenous melatonin has received considerable attention, there has been limited focus on the responses of closely related species to these factors. Consequently, our investigation aimed to explore the response of three different species of rape to Cd stress and examine the influence of exogenous melatonin in this scenario.

Targeted Linked-Read Sequencing for Direct Haplotype Phasing of Parental GJB2/SLC26A4 Alleles: A Universal and Dependable Noninvasive Prenatal Diagnosis Method Applied to Autosomal Recessive Nonsyndromic Hearing Loss in At-Risk Families.

Noninvasive prenatal diagnosis (NIPD) for autosomal recessive nonsyndromic hearing loss (ARNSHL) has been rarely reported until recent years. Additionally, the existing method can not be used for challenging genome loci (eg, copy number variations, deletions, inversions, or gene recombinants) or on families without proband genotype. This study assessed the performance of relative haplotype dosage analysis (RHDO)-based NIPD for identifying fetal genotyping in pregnancies at risk of ARNSHL.

Significant response to pembrolizumab plus lenvatinib in Epstein-Barr-virus-associated intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma: a case report.

Background: The prognosis for advanced intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (iCCA) is poor, and there remains an urgent need to develop efficient systemic therapy. The efficacy of Pembrolizumab immunotherapy combined with lenvatinibin in iCCA is still unclear. The role of Epstein-Barr-virus (EBV) as a biomarker in iCCA for response to immunotherapy needs further exploration.

Mitochondrial tRNA mutations associated non-syndromic sensorineural hearing loss in Chinese families.

Mitochondrial transfer RNA mutation is one of the most important causes of hereditary hearing loss in humans. Mitochondrial transfer RNA gene is another hot spot for mutations associated with non-syndromic hearing loss, besides the 12S ribosomal RNA gene. In this study, we assessed the clinical phenotype and the molecular characteristics of two Chinese families with non-syndromic hearing loss.

Extract of Silphium perfoliatum L. improve lipid accumulation in NAFLD mice by regulating AMPK/FXR signaling pathway.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Globally, the incidence rate and number of patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease are increasing, which has become one of the greatest threats to human health. However, there is still no effective therapy and medicine so far. Silphium perfoliatum L.

Characterization of alkaloids and phenolics in Nitraria roborowskii Kom. fruit by UHPLC-triple-TOF-MS/MS and its sucrase and maltase inhibitory effects.

Nitraria roborowskii Kom (NRK), with high economic and ecological value, is mainly distributed in the Qaidam Basin, China. However, research on its chemical components and bioactivities is still rare. In this study, its chemical constituents (52) including 10 β-carboline alkaloids, nine cyclic peptides, three indole alkaloids, five pyrrole alkaloids, eight phenolic acids and 17 flavonoids were identified tentatively using UPLC-triple-TOF-MS/MS.

Analyzing the structure-activity relationship of raspberry polysaccharides using interpretable artificial neural network model.

The structure-activity relationship has been a hot topic in the field of polysaccharide research. Six polysaccharides and three polysaccharide fragments were obtained from raspberry pulp. Based on their structural information and immune-enhancing activity data, an artificial neural network (ANN) model was used for prediction, and Gradient-weighted class activation mapping (Grad-CAM) algorithm was exploited for explanation structure-activity relationship of these raspberry polysaccharides in the present study.

Unsupervised distribution-aware keypoints generation from 3D point clouds.

Keypoints extraction from 3D objects is a fundamental task in point cloud processing. The ideal keypoints should be an ordered and well-aligned set of points that effectively reflect the shape and structure of the object. To this end, this paper proposes an unsupervised 3D point cloud keypoints generation network with the consideration of the probability distribution of keypoints and spatial distribution among keypoints.

Luteolin inhibits the JAK/STAT pathway to alleviate auditory cell apoptosis of acquired sensorineural hearing loss based on network pharmacology, molecular docking, molecular dynamics simulation, and experiments in vitro.

Purpose: The study aimed to explore the mechanisms of luteolin in acquired sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) through network pharmacology, molecular docking, molecular dynamics simulation, and experimental verification.

Methods: First, the practices of network pharmacology were used to obtain the intersecting targets of luteolin and acquired SNHL, construct the PPI (Protein-Protein Interaction) network, conduct GO and KEGG enrichments, and establish luteolin-acquired SNHL-target-pathway network, aiming to gain the core targets and pathways. Then, the affinity between the core targets and luteolin was verified by molecular docking.

Preventive mechanisms of Chinese Tibetan medicine Triphala against nonalcoholic fatty liver disease.

Background: Triphala (TLP), as a Chinese Tibetan medicine composing of Emblica officinalis, Terminalia chebula and Terminalia bellirica (1.2:1.5:1), exhibited hepatoprotective, hypolipidemic and gut microbiota modulatory effects.

Exploration of a Novel Noninvasive Prenatal Testing Approach for Monogenic Disorders Based on Fetal Nucleated Red Blood Cells.

Background: Due to technical issues related to cell-specific capture methods, amplification, and sequencing, noninvasive prenatal testing (NIPT) based on fetal nucleated red blood cells (fNRBCs) has rarely been used for the detection of monogenic disorders.

Methods: Maternal peripheral blood was collected from 11 families with hereditary hearing loss. After density gradient centrifugation and cellular immunostaining for multiple biomarkers, candidate individual fetal cells were harvested by micromanipulation and amplified by whole-genome amplification (WGA).

Bioprospecting for the soil-derived actinobacteria and bioactive secondary metabolites on the Western Qinghai-Tibet Plateau.

Introduction: The increase in incidence of multidrug-resistant bacteria and the inadequacy of new antimicrobial drugs have led to a widespread outbreak of bacterial antimicrobial resistance. To discover new antibiotics, biodiversity, and novelty of culturable actinobacteria dwelled in soil of the Western Qinghai-Tibet Plateau were investigated. By integrating antibacterial assay with omics tools, sp.

Numerical Strength Analysis of Laser-Welded Differential Housing and Gear Considering Residual Stress.

In order to avoid slackening of differential housing and gear joined by bolts, the laser-welding process is proposed in this paper, and the strength of a connecting joint was estimated by numerical analysis with consideration of welding residual stress. The process parameters of laser welding for dissimilar materials QT600 cast iron and 20MnCr5 structural alloy steel were introduced, and chemical composition analysis and microstructure analysis were conducted on the welded joints. The finite element model of laser-welded differential housing and gear was established to obtain the welding residual stress by applying a moving heat source.

Establishment and evaluation of a predictive model for length of hospital stay after total knee arthroplasty: A single-center retrospective study in China.

Background: Total knee arthroplasty (TKA) is the ultimate option for end-stage osteoarthritis, and the demand of this procedure are increasing every year. The length of hospital stay (LOS) greatly affects the overall cost of joint arthroplasty. The purpose of this study was to develop and validate a predictive model using perioperative data to estimate the risk of prolonged LOS in patients undergoing TKA.

The Diagnosis and Management of Advanced Endolymphatic Sac Tumor.

Endolymphatic sac tumor (ELST) is a group of low-grade malignant tumors originating from the endolymphatic sac of the inner ear. It is rare in the clinic and has the biological characteristics of slow growth and local aggression. Due to the lack of specificity in the clinical manifestations of patients with ELST, many cases have entered the advanced stage at the time of diagnosis.

CEMIP, acting as a scaffold protein for bridging GRAF1 and MIB1, promotes colorectal cancer metastasis via activating CDC42/MAPK pathway.

Metastasis is the leading cause of treatment failure and tumor-related death in colorectal cancer (CRC). Our previous studies report that CEMIP functionally promotes CRC metastasis and is closely related to poor outcomes. However, the molecular network of CEMIP promoting CRC metastasis is still not fully understood.

Tumor CEMIP drives immune evasion of colorectal cancer via MHC-I internalization and degradation.

Background: Loss of major histocompatibility complex class I (MHC-I) in tumor cells limits the use of immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) in colorectal cancer. Nevertheless, the regulatory mechanism of MHC-I downregulation in tumor cells has not been fully elucidated. Overexpression of CEMIP in tumor tissues is associated with a poor prognosis in colorectal cancer.

Circ_0000052/miR-382-3p axis induces PD-L1 expression and regulates cell proliferation and immune evasion in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma.

A better understanding of the mechanisms underlying PD-L1 aberrant expression in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) will help reveal predictive biomarkers and overcome resistance to treatment. In this study, the prognostic significance of PD-L1 in forty-five HNSCC archival samples was determined by qRT-PCR. The biological function associated with malignant behaviour was assessed by PD-L1 depletion, miR-382-3p re-expression and regulation of circ_0000052.