An Analysis of Predictive Factors for Severe Neonatal Infection and the Construction of a Prediction Model.

Objective: To investigate the primary predictive factors for the occurrence of severe neonatal infection, construct a prediction model and assess its effectiveness.

Methods: A total of 160 neonates hospitalised in the Department of Neonatology at Suixi County Hospital from January 2019 to June 2022 were retrospectively analysed. Clinical data was analyzed to determine the primary predictive factors for the occurrence of severe neonatal infection.

Serological Investigation of Laboratory-Confirmed and Suspected Ebola Virus Disease Patients During the Late Phase of the Ebola Outbreak in Sierra Leone.

This study aimed to investigate the serological characteristics of Ebola virus (EBOV) infection during the late phase of the Ebola outbreak in Sierra Leone. In total, 877 blood samples from 694 suspected Ebola virus disease (EVD) cases assessed from March to December 2015, were analyzed via real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) for viral RNA and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and Luminex to detect antibodies against EBOV. Viral load and EBOV-specific IgM/IgG titers displayed a declining trend during March to December 2015.

VSITA, an Improved Approach of Target Amplification in the Identification of Viral Pathogens.

Objective: Unbiased next generation sequencing (NGS) is susceptible to interference from host or environmental sequences. Consequently, background depletion and virome enrichment techniques are usually needed for clinical samples where viral load is much lower than background sequences.

Methods: A viral Sequence Independent Targeted Amplification (VSITA) approach using a set of non-ribosomal and virus-enriched octamers (V8) was developed and compared with traditionally used random hexamers (N6).

Efficacy of mild hypothermia for the treatment of patients with cardiac arrest.

Background: Therapeutic hypothermia has been recommended for the treatment of cardiac arrest patients who remain comatose after the return of spontaneous circulation. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of mild hypothermia on patients with cardiac arrest by conducting a meta-analysis.

Methods: The relevant trials were searched in Cochrane Library, PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, CNKI and Wan Fang Data from the date of their establishment to October 2014.

[[Virus-like particle-based immunoglobulin M capture enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for the detection of IgM antibodies against Chikungunya virus].

To establish a MacELISA method for the detection of IgM antibodies against Chikungunya virus (CHIKV), we prepared virus like particle (VLP) antigens of CHIKV using the whole structural protein C-E3-E2-6K-E1 encoding gene with a baculovirus expression system in Sf9 insect cells. The VLPs were purified and used to immunize Kunming mice. Then, polyclonal antibodies were purified from the samples of ascites with a protein G HiTrap SP column and labeled with horseradish peroxidase.

[Study on serological cross-reactivity of six pathogenic phleboviruses].

This article aimed to study the antigenicity of nucleocapsid proteins (NPs) in six pathogenic phleboviruses and to provide theoretical evidence for the development of serological diagnostic reagents. NPs of six pathogenic phleboviruses were expressed and purified using a prokaryotic expression system and rabbits were immunized with individual recombinant NPs. Cross-reactions among NPs and rabbit sera were determined by both indirect ELISA and Western blotting analyses, and the sera titer was determined by indirect ELISA.

[Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus nucleoprotein specifically binds to 60kD SSA/Ro protein in host cells].

This study aims to investigate whether the nucleoprotein (NP) of severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus (SFTSV) can impact the cellular immunity of host cells. Gene segments that encode the NP and non-structural protein (NSs) of SFTSV were inserted into eukaryotic expression vector VR1012. Host proteins that interact with NP and affect immunity were identified with co-immunoprecipitation (IP), SDS-PAGE, mass spectrometry (MS), and Western blot.

[Study on adjuvant effect of oral recombinant subunit vaccine formulated with chitosan against human enterovirus 71].

To evaluate the adjuvant effect of recombinant enterovirus 71 (EV71) subunit vaccine formulated with chitosan, rabbits were orally immunized with recombinant VP1 (rVP1) or rVP1 mixed with chitosan adjuvant. Levels of virus-specific IgG and IgA antibodies in sera, mucosal wash buffer (intestine, nasal cavity, and lung), and feces were determined by indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The titers of neutralizing antibodies against EV71 were determined using cytopathic effect-based neutralizing assay, and levels of cytokines (IFN-gamma and IL-4) secreted from in vitro-cultured rabbit splenic lymphocytes under antigen stimulation were also determined by ELISA.

[Epidemic situation and surveillance on SFTS in China, 2011-2012].

Objective: To analyze the data of surveillance on severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS), from 2011 to 2012 in China.

Methods: Descriptive methods were conducted to analyze the surveillance data from 2011 to 2012 which were collected from the internet-based National Notifiable Disease Reporting System.

Results: From 2011 to 2012, a total of 1229 SFTS cases and 107 deaths were reported in China with the average annual incidence rate of 0.

Enhanced surveillance of acute flaccid paralysis following importation of wild poliovirus in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China.

Background: After being polio free for more than 10 years, an outbreak occurred in China in 2011 in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region (Xinjiang) following the importation of wild poliovirus (WPV) originating from neighboring Pakistan.

Methods: To strengthen acute flaccid paralysis (AFP) surveillance in Xinjiang, "zero case daily reporting" and retrospective searching of AFP cases were initiated after the confirmation of the WPV outbreak. To pinpoint all the polio cases in time, AFP surveillance system was expanded to include persons of all ages in the entire population in Xinjiang.

Clinical and epidemiological characteristics of a fatal case of avian influenza A H10N8 virus infection: a descriptive study.

Background: Human infections with different avian influenza viruses--eg, H5N1, H9N2, and H7N9--have raised concerns about pandemic potential worldwide. We report the first human infection with a novel reassortant avian influenza A H10N8 virus.

Methods: We obtained and analysed clinical, epidemiological, and virological data from a patient from Nanchang City, China.

[A double antibody sandwich ELISA based assay for titration of severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus].

Objective: To develop an assay for titration of severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus (SFTSV) based on double antibody sandwich ELISA.

Methods: A double antibody sandwich ELISA was developed for detection of SFTSV based on SFTSV nucleocapsid (N) protein specific poly- and monoclonal antibodies, procedures were optimized and evaluated. This ELISA based titration assay was compared with fluorescence assasy and plaque assay based titration method.

Identification and control of a poliomyelitis outbreak in Xinjiang, China.

Background: The last case of infection with wild-type poliovirus indigenous to China was reported in 1994, and China was certified as a poliomyelitis-free region in 2000. In 2011, an outbreak of infection with imported wild-type poliovirus occurred in the province of Xinjiang.

Methods: We conducted an investigation to guide the response to the outbreak, performed sequence analysis of the poliovirus type 1 capsid protein VP1 to determine the source, and carried out serologic and coverage surveys to assess the risk of viral propagation.

[Laboratory diagnosis of viral hemorrhagic fevers].

Viral hemorrhagic fevers (VHFs) refer to a group of acute infections with high case fatality rates that are caused by four distinct families of RNA viruses belonging to the families Bunyaviridae, Flaviviridae, Filoviridae and Arenaviridae, the main clinical symptoms of these diseases are accompanied by fever and bleeding. For the reason that these infections have similar primary clinical symptoms, it is difficult to diagnose and distinguish them; rapid and reliable laboratory diagnostic tests are required in suspected cases for epidemiological investigation and controlling the spread of VHFs. This review addresses the laboratory diagnostics of VHFs, covering etiological classification and different diagnostic techniques, such as virus isolation, nucleic acid detection, as well as antigen and antibody assays.

[Investigation of RNA viral genome amplification by multiple displacement amplification technique].

In order to facilitate the detection of newly emerging or rare viral infectious diseases, a negative-strand RNA virus-severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome bunyavirus, and a positive-strand RNA virus-dengue virus, were used to investigate RNA viral genome unspecific amplification by multiple displacement amplification technique from clinical samples. Series of 10-fold diluted purified viral RNA were utilized as analog samples with different pathogen loads, after a series of reactions were sequentially processed, single-strand cDNA, double-strand cDNA, double-strand cDNA treated with ligation without or with supplemental RNA were generated, then a Phi29 DNA polymerase depended isothermal amplification was employed, and finally the target gene copies were detected by real time PCR assays to evaluate the amplification efficiencies of various methods. The results showed that multiple displacement amplification effects of single-strand or double-strand cDNA templates were limited, while the fold increases of double-strand cDNA templates treated with ligation could be up to 6 X 10(3), even 2 X 10(5) when supplemental RNA existed, and better results were obtained when viral RNA loads were lower.

[Hepatitis A virus mimotope mapping by phage display peptide library].

Objective: A 12 mer phage display peptide library was used to identify hepatitis A virus mimotopes of antigenic determinants, to provide the feasibility of virus epitope mapping by using this approach.

Methods: Using purified anti-hepatitis A virus monoclonal antibody as affinity selective molecule, phage display peptide library was biopanned and positive clones were selected by ELISA, competition assay and DNA sequencing.

Results: 10 ELISA positive clones were chosen for DNA sequencing, and the displayed peptide sequences were deduced.

[Survival analysis of patients with spontaneous rupture of hepatocellular carcinoma].

Objective: To explore the prognostic factors influencing overall survival (OS) in patients with spontaneous rupture of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC-SR).

Methods: The medical records of 44 patients with HCC-SR treated in our department from January 1, 2005 to April 1 2011 were retrospectively reviewed. The clinical and prognostic data of 19 HCC-SR patients who received curative hepatectomy were compared with data of 137 HCC patients with no SR who were managed by curative hepatectomy during the same period.

Clinical progress and risk factors for death in severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome patients.

Background: Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS) is an emerging infectious disease caused by the SFTS virus (SFTSV) with an average fatality rate of 12%. The clinical factors for death in SFTS patients remain unclear.

Methods: Clinical features and laboratory parameters were dynamically collected for 11 fatal and 48 non-fatal SFTS cases.

[Isolation, identification and characterization of SFTS bunyavirus from ticks collected on the surface of domestic animals].

To understand the maintenance and transmission of SFTS virus, the potential vector ticks were collected from sheep, cattle and dogs in the endemic areas of SFTSV in Shandong Province. Among the collected ticks, the dominant species was H. longicornis ticks.

[Establishment of minireplicon system for severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome bunyavirus].

Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome bunyavirus is a newly emerging virus in China, enveloped with a tripartite, single-stranded RNA genome of negative polarity. The regulatory elements for viral transcription and replication, as well as encapsidation and packaging signals, are thought to be located within these noncoding regions (NCRs). The terminal nucleotides are genus specific and highly conserved.

[Expression of structural and non-structural proteins of severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome bunyavirus].

Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome bunyavirus (SFTSV) is a novel phlebovirus, causing a life-threatening illness associated with the symptoms of severe fever and thrombocytopenia syndrome. The sequence and structure of the genome have already been illustrated in previous study. However, the characteristics and function of the structure and non-structure proteins is still unclear.

[Generation of recombinant human antibodies for EV71 virus].

Objective: To obtain recombinant human anti-EV71 antibodies from a EV71-associated hand-foot-and-mouth disease patient-derived antibody phage library.

Methods: A combinatorial human scFv library to enterovirus 71 (EV71) virus was constructed using antibody genes harvested from the blood of EV71 virus patients. The library was panned and selected by using purified VP1 protein of EV71 virus with phage display.

[Secreted expression of dengue virus type 2 envelope glycoprotein in eukaryotic cells].

Objective: To secreted express envelope glycoprotein (E) of dengue virus type 2 extracellularly.

Methods: The entire prM/E gene was amplified by RT-PCR. An optimized signal sequence gene from Japanese encephalits virus (JEV, SA14-14-2 strain) was introduced using fusion PCR.