Active manipulation for Goos-Hänchen shift of guided-wave via a metasurface of silicon-nanoscale semi-spheres on SOI waveguide.

Goos-Hänchen shift of total internal reflection (TIR) is the light beam movement without external driving, so envisioned to have potential manipulation of optical beams. In this article, with a silicon-on-insulator (SOI) waveguide corner structure, a variable equivalent permittivity of guided wave is modelled, and then the equivalent electric polarizabilities and the Goos-Hänchen shift of guided wave are modelled. Consequently, with a 2.

Phase-polarization ensemble modulation effect of a BaTiO crystal film waveguide on Mach-Zehnder interferometer electrooptic intensity modulators.

In this work, based on the nonlinear electrooptic (EO) modulation model, the relationship between the polarization states and the birefringence modulation caused optical phase of c-axis barium titanate () crystal film is investigated first. Then, under an ensemble effect of phase-polarization modulation (PPM), the photon polarization behavior of a lightwave in a film waveguide and its dynamic conversion process is clearly presented. Further, the optical output and optical phase changes of a Mach-Zehnder interferometric (MZI) type EO intensity modulator based on a dynamic nonlinear optical birefringence modulation are theoretically modeled.

Thermodynamic insights into Henry's constant in hyperthermal oxidation of silicon for fabricating optical waveguides.

Hyperthermal oxidation of silicon is envisaged to be an alternative to silicon-on-insulator (SOI) waveguide fabrication for photonic integrated circuit (PIC) devices, and thus the local oxidation of silicon (LOCOS) technique has attracted attention. In this article, starting with the thermodynamic insights into the Deal-Grove model for defining the thermal oxidation, we model the Henry's law constant in the silicon oxidation process with the ensemble contributions of thermodynamic and chemical energies, and extract an empirical model with the published statistical data. Then, the simulations show the dramatic temperature/time dependences of Henry's constant, and the different effects of the thermodynamic and chemical energies.

Intraguide mode conversions of silica-on-silicon transfer waveguides and SOI tapered structures for highly efficient chip-fiber butt coupling.

An advanced fiber-waveguide coupling scheme is crucial to the effective developments and applications of silicon-on-insulator (SOI) waveguide photonic integrated chips. In this paper, a regime of the mode conversions within guided channels is investigated to realize a highly efficient fiber-chip coupling with a silica-on-silicon (SOS) transfer waveguide that can be realized with the local oxidation of silicon (LOCOS) technique. With this regime, the optical-field overlap process of two optical guided modes between the fiber and the SOI waveguide through a gap is simplified to the two loss contributions: (i) the ultralow coupling loss of the fiber-SOS transfer waveguide and (ii) the Fresnel loss of the SOS transfer waveguide and an SOI tapered structure.

Strategic measurement for the axis-orientation and electro-optic coefficient of BaTiO crystal thin-film grown on MgO crystal with polarization modulations: erratum.

In this erratum the set of Eqs. (2a) and (2b), Eqs. (4) and (5), and the corresponding figure and values in the text of Opt.

Strategic measurement for the axis orientation and electro-optic coefficient of BaTiO crystal thin film grown on MgO crystal with polarization modulations.

BaTiO crystal thin film has been investigated to realize electro-optic (EO) devices due to its ultrahigh EO effect, but not much research has been focused on the correct axis orientation and EO coefficient. In this Letter, with a BaTiO crystal film grown by pulse laser deposition technique on ⟨100⟩ MgO crystal substrate, an embedded device configuration having the two-step etched waveguide/electrode scheme is designed to reach a high optic-electrical field interaction efficiency, and a 45° outside electric field with an in-plane axis is set to fit the possibility of the a-axis or c-axis orientation of the BaTiO crystal film. Then, through a poling process to the sample, the 1π, 2π, and 3π EO modulations of linear polarization are implemented at 4.

Effective metrology and standard of the surface roughness of micro/nanoscale waveguides with confocal laser scanning microscopy.

Surface roughness is one of the important parameters affecting the optical scattering loss of dielectric waveguides. Despite extensive research interests in correlating optical losses with surface roughness, not much research focus has been dedicated to the study of an accurate metrology and measurement standard for the characterization of waveguide roughness. In this Letter, we report an effective metrology for the measurement of waveguide surface roughness, using confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM).

Outcome of hepatitis C virus infection in Chinese paid plasma donors: a 12-19-year cohort study.

Background And Aims: Commercial plasma donation was introduced in China in the 1970s. Cases of non-A, non-B hepatitis (hepatitis C) continued to occur, with multiple outbreaks among plasma donors in Guan county, Hebei province between 1972 and 1990. The outcomes of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection in these paid plasma donors from six villages of Guan county were followed up for 12-19 years.

Demonstration for rearrangeable nonblocking 8x8 matrix optical switches based on extended banyan networks.

Based on the CROSSBAR network (CN) and the BANYAN network (BN), two new rearrangeable nonblocking constructions of extended BANYAN network (EBN) were proposed for implementing 8x8 optical matrix switch. The interconnection characteristics of these two types of rearrangeable nonblocking EBN were studied, and the logic program for driving switching units was provided. The calculated insertion loss is 3.

Thirteen to twenty-seven-year follow-up of patients with hepatitis C while transfusing or donating plasma.

Background/aims: Hepatitis C virus is a hepatotrophic flavivirus infecting 170 million people worldwide and 3.2% people in China. We aim to investigate the clinical outcomes and hepatic histology of patients with hepatitis C in the north of China.

[Thirteen to fourteen years' follow-up of patients with hepatitis C].

Objective: To investigate the clinical outcomes and hepatic histology of patients with hepatitis C.

Methods: Nine patients with hepatitis, 4 males and 5 females, aged 44 +/- 7, who were infected during transfusion or blood donation underwent follow-up for 13 approximately 14 years: liver histological examination by biopsy, ultrasonography, biochemical examination of alanine transaminase (ALT), apartate aminotransferase (AST), and total bilirubin (TBIL), serum anti-HCV by ELISA, and HCV RNA quantification by PCR.

Results: ALT were higher than the normal value at every time point and HCV RNA remained positive (3.

Thermo-optic waveguide digital optical switch using symmetrically coupled gratings.

A 2x2 digital optical switch using two symmetrical unidirectional Bragg grating couplers is proposed and studied in this paper. A low-loss polymer is used as waveguide material, and the Bragg grating coupling efficiency is optimized to be 22%, then the unidirectional coupling efficiency of 99.9% is achieved in theory.

[Clinical outcomes of women with transfusion-associated hepatitis C after 10-15 years follow-up].

Background: To investigate natural history of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection and related factors in China.

Methods: Totally 41 women infected with HCV 10-15 years ago were evaluated in this study. Their clinical manifestations were recorded and sera tested for alamine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), gamma-glutamyltransferase (gamma-GT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), total bilirubin (TBIL), direct bilirubin (DBIL), total protein (TP), albumin (ALB), and alpha-fetoprotein (alpha-FP), as well as virus markers.

Association of interleukin-12 p40 gene 3'-untranslated region polymorphism and outcome of HCV infection.

Aim: To investigate the effect of interleukin-12 p40 gene (IL12B) 3'-untranslated region polymorphism on the outcome of HCV infection.

Methods: A total of 133 patients who had been infected with HCV for 12-25 (18.2+/-3.

[Evaluation of health-related quality of life in chronic hepatitis C women patients].

Objective: To evaluate the health-related quality of life (HRQOL) in chronic hepatitis C (CHC) female patients, and to identify factors associated with impairment in HRQOL.

Methods: We enrolled 41 women cases with hepatitis C for 10 to 15 years and 51 health women in Guan area of Hebei province, China. HRQOL was assessed by the SF-36 by an interview.

[Ten years outcome observation of infants with hepatitis C virus mother to infant transmission].

Objective: To study the outcome of hepatitis C virus (HCV) vertical transmitted infants.

Methods: Thirteen HCV vertical infected infants were followed up for 10 years. HCV antibody and HCV RNA in the blood samples from them were tested using second generation HCV antibody EIA kits and RT-PCR, respectively.

[Relative stasis of hepatitis C virus quasispecies in natural duration].

Objective: To investigate the evolution of HCV quasispecies in persistent and self-limited infection patients.

Methods: Peripheral blood HCV preserved for 10 years from 8 naive patients were analyzed. HCV core and E2 genes were cloned and sequenced.