The Impact of an Orofacial Muscle Strengthening Program on Temporomandibular Muscles and on the Performance of Wind Instrumentalists.

Introduction: Playing a wind instrument is one of the most complex tasks for the musculoskeletal system.

Objective: Verify the effectiveness of a strengthening exercise programme on musical performance and the strength of the temporomandibular muscles.

Methods: The sample was 60 participants (36 men; 24 women), with a mean age of 24.

Coumarins and Hesperetin Inhibit Human Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infection.

Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is one of the most prevalent viruses that causes severe acute lower respiratory tract infections (ALRTIs) in the elderly and young children. There is no specific drug to treat RSV, only a broad-spectrum antiviral, ribavirin, which is only used in critical cases. Our research group is investigating antiviral agents of natural origin, such as coumarins and flavonoids, that may help reduce or prevent RSV infection.

Widening the infantile hypotonia with psychomotor retardation and characteristic Facies-1 Syndrome's clinical and molecular spectrum through NALCN structural analysis.

Introduction: Infantile hypotonia with psychomotor retardation and characteristic facies-1 (IHPRF1, MIM#615419) is a rare, birth onset, autosomal recessive disorder caused by homozygous or compound heterozygous truncating variants in gene (MIM#611549) resulting in a loss-of-function effect.

Methods: We enrolled a new IHPRF1 patients' cohort in the framework of an international multicentric collaboration study. Using specialized pathogenicity predictors and structural analyses, we assessed the mechanistic consequences of the deleterious variants retrieved on NALCN structure and function.

Interaction of Human Respiratory Syncytial Virus (HRSV) Matrix Protein with Resveratrol Shows Antiviral Effect.

The respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) matrix protein plays key roles in the virus life cycle and is essential for budding, as it stimulates the optimal membrane curvature necessary for the emergence of viral particles. Resveratrol, a polyphenol (3,4',5-trihydroxy-trans-stilbene) produced by plants, exhibits pharmacological effects, including anti-inflammatory and antiviral activities. In this study, resveratrol was tested in HEp-2 (Epidermoid carcinoma of the larynx cell) cells for its post-infection effects, and recombinant M protein was produced to characterize the biophysical mechanisms underlying this interaction.

Evaluation of the Steno Type 1 Risk Engine in predicting cardiovascular events in an ethnic mixed population of type 1 diabetes mellitus and its association with chronic microangiopathy complications.

Background: The Steno Type 1 Risk Engine (ST1RE) was developed to aid clinical decisions in primary prevention for individuals with type 1 diabetes (T1D), as existing cardiovascular (CV) risk models for the general population and type 2 diabetes tend to underestimate CV risk in T1D. However, the applicability of ST1RE in different populations remains uncertain, as prediction models developed for one population may not accurately estimate risk in another. This study aimed to evaluate the performance of the ST1RE in predicting CV events among ethnically mixed T1D individuals and its association with the progression of microangiopathy complications.

Heterogeneous response of estimated insulin sensitivity indices to metformin in young individuals with type 1 diabetes and different phenotypes.

Aims: This study aimed to investigate whether the response to adding metformin to insulin in young adults with type 1 diabetes (T1D) differs according to weight phenotype and insulin sensitivity index.

Methods: A prospective pilot study was conducted over 26 weeks in which insulin plus metformin (2 g/day) was administered to 35 individuals, ranging from normal weight (NW) to overweight (OW) to obese (OB) T1D individuals, to correlate insulin sensitivity indices and other clinical variables.

Results: At the end of the follow-up period, all groups showed an increase in the eGDR (NW: 7.

Reviewing essential public health functions in the Eastern Mediterranean Region post COVID-19 pandemic: a foundation for system resilience.

The COVID-19 pandemic exposed vulnerabilities in many health systems worldwide with profound implications for health and society. The public health challenges experienced during the pandemic have highlighted the importance of resilient health systems, that can adapt and transform to meet the population's evolving health needs. Essential public health functions (EPHFs) offer a holistic, integrated and sustainable approach to public health by contributing to achieving several health priorities and goals.

Correction: Efficacy of early cardiac rehabilitation after acute myocardial infarction: Randomized clinical trial protocol.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.

Efficacy of early cardiac rehabilitation after acute myocardial infarction: Randomized clinical trial protocol.

The acute myocardial infarction (AMI) present high mortality rate that may be reduced with cardiac rehabilitation. Despite its good establishment in outpatient care, few studies analyzed cardiac rehabilitation during hospitalization. Thus, this study aims to clarify the safety and efficacy of early cardiac rehabilitation after AMI.

Comorbid autoimmune disorders in people with multiple sclerosis: A retrospective cohort study.

Most autoimmune disorders, including multiple sclerosis (MS), are influenced by shared genetic and environmental factors. We conducted a cohort study of people with MS to calculate the frequency of comorbid autoimmune disorders and characterize this cohort. Autoimmune diseases were present in 30 (8.

Glucose control and psychosocial outcomes with use of automated insulin delivery for 12 to 96 weeks in type 1 diabetes: a meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials.

Background: Glycaemic control of Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus (T1DM) remains a challenge due to hypoglycaemic episodes and the burden of insulin self-management. Advancements have been made with the development of automated insulin delivery (AID) devices, yet, previous reviews have only assessed the use of AID over days or weeks, and potential benefits with longer time of AID use in this population remain unclear.

Methods:  We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials comparing AID (hybrid and fully closed-loop systems) to usual care (sensor augmented pumps, multiple daily insulin injections, continuous glucose monitoring and predictive low-glucose suspend) for adults and children with T1DM with a minimum duration of 3 months.

2023 UPDATE: Luso-Brazilian evidence-based guideline for the management of antidiabetic therapy in type 2 diabetes.

Background: The management of antidiabetic therapy in people with type 2 diabetes (T2D) has evolved beyond glycemic control. In this context, Brazil and Portugal defined a joint panel of four leading diabetes societies to update the guideline published in 2020.

Methods: The panelists searched MEDLINE (via PubMed) for the best evidence from clinical studies on treating T2D and its cardiorenal complications.

Safety and Effectiveness of Cladribine in Multiple Sclerosis: Real-World Clinical Experience From 5 Tertiary Hospitals in Portugal.

Objectives: Cladribine is a selective and oral immunological reconstitution treatment, approved in Europe for very active multiple sclerosis (MS) with relapses. Aims were to assess the safety and effectiveness of cladribine in real-world setting, during treatment follow-up.

Methods: This was a multicentric, longitudinal, observational study with retrospective and prospective data collection of clinical, laboratory, and imaging data.

[Actual adherence to dimethyl fumarate in patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis].

Introduction: Multiple sclerosis is a chronic neurological disease with numerous disease-modifying treatments available, including dimethyl fumarate (DMF), a first-line therapy for relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis. Although rates of discontinuation of DMF are generally low in clinical trials, non-adherence to treatment is associated with poorer clinical outcomes. Assessing real-world adherence and predictive factors is critical to be able to improve clinical outcomes for patients.

Incidence and Clinical Description of Lymphomas in Children and Adolescents with Vertical Transmission of HIV in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, in Pre- and Post-Combined Antiretroviral Therapy Eras: A Multicentric Hospital-Based Survival Analysis Study.

The incidence of cancer in children living with HIV (CLWH) is high and lymphomas are the most common type of cancer in this population. The combined antiretroviral therapy (cART) changed the natural history of HIV infection. To determine the incidence and profile of these CLWH malignancies in Rio de Janeiro (RJ), Brazil, we conducted a retrospective and observational study of vertically infected CLWH, ranging from 0−20 incomplete years, from 1995 to 2018, at five reference centers.

Serum Thyrotropin and Triiodothyronine Levels in Levothyroxine-treated Patients.

Context: Small adjustments in levothyroxine (LT4) dose do not appear to provide clinical benefit despite changes in thyrotropin (TSH) levels within the reference range. We hypothesize that the accompanying changes in serum total triiodothyronine (T3) levels do not reflect the magnitude of the changes in serum TSH.

Objective: This work aims to characterize the relationships of serum free thyroxine (FT4) vs T3, FT4 vs TSH, and FT4 vs the T3/FT4 ratio.

Psychometric properties of the sit-to-stand test for patients with pulmonary hypertension: A systematic review protocol.

Background: Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is a complex syndrome characterized by increased pulmonary arterial pressure and classified into five groups, according to dyspnea on exertion and systemic muscle dysfunction. These symptoms can be identified using the sit-to-stand test (STS), which indirectly evaluates exercise tolerance and lower limb muscle strength. Previous studies used the STS in PH; however, psychometric properties to understand and validate this test were not described for patients with PH.

Perinatal exposure to glyphosate-based herbicides induced neurodevelopmental behaviors impairments and increased oxidative stress in the prefrontal cortex and hippocampus in offspring.

Glyphosate is the organophosphate pesticide most widely used in the world. Recent studies correlate exposure to glyphosate and the emergence of neurodevelopmental disorders. Therefore, it was objective to propose a rat model of perinatal exposure to glyphosate-based herbicides (GBH) to study associated neurodevelopmental disorders.

The 2021-2022 position of Brazilian Diabetes Society on diabetic kidney disease (DKD) management: an evidence-based guideline to clinical practice. Screening and treatment of hyperglycemia, arterial hypertension, and dyslipidemia in the patient with DKD.

Background: Diabetic kidney disease is the leading cause of end-stage renal disease and is associated with increased morbidity and mortality. This review is an authorized literal translation of part of the Brazilian Diabetes Society (SBD) Guidelines 2021-2022. This evidence-based guideline provides guidance on the correct management of Diabetic Kidney Disease (DKD) in clinical practice.

Virtual Reality-Induced Dissociative Symptoms: A Retrospective Study.

The use of virtual reality (VR) has been increasing worldwide, as devices are becoming more sophisticated and provide an escape from reality during the COVID-19 lockdown. This recent rise in the use of VR leads to new side effects being reported, such as dissociative symptoms that may or may not constitute a mental health concern. This retrospective study investigated the prevalence and intensity of dissociative symptoms in VR users, as well as some potential predisposing conditions that may trigger them, and their impact on the subjects' wellbeing.

The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on tertiary care cancer center: Analyzing administrative data.

Introduction: Patients with cancer need to receive their proper treatment and often cannot wait for their treatment, despite delays due to the COVID-19 pandemic. As a result, many cancer centers have had challenges maintaining their oncological activities.

Objectives: To compare the average hospital management data and indicators in two different periods, with and without the peak of COVID-19 cases, from an important tertiary cancer center in the northeast region of Brazil.