[Advance of research on relationship between ABCG2 and drug resistance in hematologic malignancies - review].

ABCG2, a half-transporter concerning with the endo and exon-toxin-efflux, plays an important role in protecting the normal tissues from the toxin-hurt as well as mediating the multidrug resistance, because many of the chemotherapeutic drugs are the substrate of ABCG2. In this paper, the advance of research about this gene's single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) was explained concisely. The relationship among ABCG2, the stem cells and the tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) was reviewed.

[Analysis of c-kit and JAK2 gene mutations in t(8;21) acute myeloid leukemia].

Objective: To evaluate the prevalence of c-kit and JAK2 gene mutations in protein tyrosine kinase (PTK) family in adult t(8;21) acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and their implications.

Methods: Genomic DNAs from 78 t(8;21) AML patients were screened for mutated c-kit (mutKIT) in exon 8 and 17 by PCR and sequencing. JAK2 V617F mutation screening was processed by allele-specific PCR.

[Prevalence and clinical significance of FLT3 mutations in acute promyelocytic leukemia].

Objective: To evaluate the prevalence of Fms-Like tyrosine kinase 3 (FLT3) mutations including internal tandem duplication (ITD) of juxtamembrane region and point mutation in the second tyrosine kinase domain (TKD) in acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) and its clinical significance.

Methods: Bone marrow mononuclear cells from 160 newly diagnosed APL patients were analyzed. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used to detect FLT3-ITD mutations, FLT3-ITD positive samples were further analyzed for the ITD allelic ratio (ITD-AR, mutant-wild type ratio).

[Experimental study on IL-2- and IL-15 application in allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation].

Objective: To explore the impact of IL-2- and IL-15-activated donor natural killer (NK) cell infusion on graft-versus-host-disease (GVHD) and graft-versus-leukemia (GVL) effect post allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT).

Methods: The C57BL/6 mice splenic NK cells were selected by microbeads, and then expanded in the media containing IL-2 and IL-15. The killing activity of NK cells was detected.

[Mechanism of CAG regimen eliminating T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia A3 cell line].

The purpose of this study was to explore the mechanism of CAG regimen eliminating T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL) A3 cell line and evaluate the role of G-CSF/G-CSFR system in this process. The expression levels of G-CSFR on the A3 cell membrane were detected by flow cytometry. Cell cycle changes of A3 cells treated with different concentrations of G-CSF for 48 hours were examined by propidium iodide staining method.

[The role of BK polyomavirus in the development of hemorrhagic cystitis after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation].

Objective: To study the role of BK virus (BK polyomavirus) in the development of the hemorrhagic cystitis (HC) after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) and analyze the risk factors for BK viruria and HC.

Methods: From August 2006 to November 2007, blood and urine samples were collected from 80 patients undergoing HSCT. BK virus DNA was detected with PCR.

[The clinical and laboratory features of acute promyelocytic leukemia: an analysis of 513 cases].

Objective: To investigate the clinical and laboratory features of acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL).

Methods: 513 APL patients in the last two decades were retrospectively analyzed in this research. We investigated the clinical features including age, sex, abnormality of peripheral hemogram before treatment, therapeutic effect and follow-up and laboratory data such as morphology, immunology, cytogenetics and molecular biology (MICM).

[Expressions of costimulatory molecules on CD3(+)CD4(+) T cells in myelodysplastic syndrome].

The study was aimed to detect the expressions of costimulatory molecules on CD3(+)CD4(+) T cells so as to accumulate informations for investigation of mechanism of myelodysplastic syndrome. 11 healthy blood donors as control and 38 patients with MDS de novo were studied. 38 MDS patients were divided into RA/RARS group and RAEB/RAEB-t group according to FAB classification.

[Clinical features of pure erythroid leukemia--case report and review of literature].

Objective: To report a case of pure erythroid leukemia.

Methods: The clinical features, treatment and prognosis of a rare case of pure erythroid leukemia were reported, and the related literature was reviewed.

Results: The pure erythroid leukemia patient was diagnosed by 90.

[Effect of protein kinase C and calcium on the thrombin receptors activation].

Objective: To compare the effects of protein kinase C (PKC) and calcium (Ca2+) on platelet aggregation and platelet membrane surface GP I b expression in thrombin receptors activation, and investigate the role of Gq signal transduction pathway in such activation.

Methods: Peptide SFLLRN (PARI-AP) and AYPGKF (PAR4-AP) were used to stimulate platelet, and the effects of Ro-31-2220 (inhibitor of PKC) and BAPTA/AM (calcium chelator) on the platelet aggregation and GP I b were analyzed.

Results: Either 25 micromol/L PAR1 or 250 micromol/L PAR4 peptide could induce absolute platelet aggregation with a reversible internalization of GP I b.

[A multi-centers clinical study of different treatment outcomes of 332 patients with multiple myeloma].

Objective: To describe the demographic and clinical characteristics of patients with the diagnosis of multiple myeloma (MM) and to analyse the outcome of different regimens for the treatment of MM.

Methods: The study reviewed 332 MM cases diagnosed within the period from January 1, 2002 to December 31, 2002. These patients were tracked via their records to a total period of three years.

[A comparison of clinical outcomes between unrelated donor and HLA-haploidentical donor hematopoietic stem cell transplantation].

Objective: To compare the clinical outcomes between unrelated donor hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (URD-HSCT) and HLA-haploidentical (Hi)-HSCT.

Methods: Twenty-five patients with hematologic malignancies received URD-HSCT and thirty patients received Hi-HSCT. The conditioning regimen consisted of modified BUCY or modified total body irradiation (TBI) plus CY.

Endoscopic diagnosis of gastrointestinal graft-versus-host disease.

Aim: To evaluate the diagnostic value of endoscopy in patients with gastrointestinal graft-versus-host disease (GI GVHD).

Methods: We identified 8 patients with GI GVHD following allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell trans-plantation (HSCT). GVHD was defined histologically as the presence of gland apoptosis, not explained by other inflammatory or infectious etiologies.

[A study of NPM1 and FLT3 gene mutations in acute myeloid leukemia].

Objective: To evaluate the prevalence and impact of NPM1 gene mutations and FLT3 internal tandem duplication (ITD) mutations in acute myeloid leukemia (AML).

Methods: Mononuclear cells in bone marrow samples were collected from 86 adult patients with newly diagnosed AML. FLT3 and NPM1 genes were amplified with genomic DNA-PCR.

[Role of CD28/CTLA-4 co-stimulators in immune pathophysiology of aplastic anemia].

Objective: To explore the possible role of CD28/CTLA-4 co-stimulators in immune pathophysiology of acquired aplastic anemia(AA).

Methods: By FACS, the percentages of CD28, CTLA-4 expressing CD3+ CD4+ T cells and the level of Th1, Th2 in bone marrow were detected in 23 AA patients at active phase, 10 at recovery phase and 15 normal controls. The relationship between the co-stimulators, Th1, Th2, and absolute neutrophil counts (ANC) was evaluated.

[Study on relationship between pretransplantation host thymic recent output function and prognosis in HLA-matched sibling hematopoietic stem cell transplantation].

Objective: To study the relationship between pretransplantation host thymic recent output function and prognosis in HLA-matched sibling bone marrow transplantation (MSD-BMT) and determine whether pretransplantation host thymic recent output function can act as a marker for predication of prognosis after HSCT.

Methods: T-cell receptor excision circle (TREC) in DNA of pretransplantation peripheral blood mononuclear cells from 64 patients underwent MSD-BMT was detected by real-time quantitative PCR. The content of TREC in 70 normal donors was detected as well.

[Study on the behavior of NK cell KIRs of donor/recipient pairs in HLA matched unrelated allo-HSCT].

Objective: To study the biological function of killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptor (KIR) and the role of donor inhibitory KIR and recipient genetic background in HLA matched unrelated hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT).

Methods: HLA genotype of 51 patients (ALL 18 cases, CML 15 cases, AML 10 cases and others 8 cases) and their respective matched unrelated donors from Database of China Marrow Registration was determined by polymerase chain reaction sequence oligonucleotide probes (PCR-SSOP) and sequence specific primers (PCR-SSP). The KIR genotype was determined by PCR-SSP.

[A study of T-cell reconstitution after HLA-matched sibling bone marrow transplantation in leukemia patients].

Objective: To study T-cell reconstitution by the assessment of T-cell receptor excision circle (TRECs) and T-cell receptor clonal repertoire after HLA-matched sibling bone marrow transplantation (MSD-BMT) in leukemia patients and try to reveal the rule of T-cells repopulation in MSD-BMT.

Methods: Real-time quantitative PCR detection of TRECs was carried out in the DNA of peripheral blood mononuclear cells from 23 leukemia patients who underwent MSD-BMT. The content of TRECs in 70 normal donor individuals was also detected to determine the normal range of TRECs in healthy subjects.

[Prediction of T-cell immune reconstitution by investigating T cell receptor excision circle and T-cell receptor beta-chain variable region clonal repertoire in leukemia patients after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation].

Objective: To predict T-cell immune reconstitution by investigating T cell receptor excision circles (TREC) and T-cell receptor beta-chain variable region (TCRBV) clonal repertoire in leukemia patients after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT).

Methods: Real-time quantitative PCR was used to detect the TREC in 43 leukemia patients undergoing matched sibling donor bone marrow transplantation (MSD BMT), matched unrelated donor (MUD) BMT, or haploidentical-stem cell transplantation (HID-SCT), and in 70 normal individuals. RT-PCR was used to amplify 24 subfamily genes of T-cell receptor beta-chain variable region (TCRBV) in 24 of the 43 patients and 5 normal donors as control.

[Preliminary study of the effect of HLA-Cw on haploidentical hematopoietic stem cell transplantation].

Objective: To investigate the effect of HLA-Cw on haploidentical hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HHSCT) without T-cell depletion.

Methods: HLA-Cw were detected with PCR-SSP, the clinical data of 21 cases of haploidentical hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, including 8 standard risk and 13 high risk cases from July 2002 to March 2006 were summarized, and the effect of HLA-Cw in HHSCT was analyzed.

Results: Twenty patients achieved sustained, full-donor-type engraftment.

[The molecular characteristics of T-cell immune reconstitution in leukemia patients after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation].

Objective: To study the molecular characteristics of CDR3 repertoires of T cell receptor beta chain variable region (TCRBV) of T lymphocytic clones in leukemia recipients after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation ( allo-HSCT).

Methods: RT-PCR was used to amplify 24 subfamily genes of TCRBV from peripheral blood (PB) lymphocytes in twenty-four leukemia patients underwent three kinds of allo-HSCT and in five normal donors as control. The PCR products were further analyzed by genescan to evaluate the clonality of BV subfamily and characteristics of CDR3 and calculate usage rate of BV subfamily.

[Analysis of NPM1 gene mutations in acute myeloid leukemia].

Objective: To evaluate the prevalence of nucleophosmin (NPM1) gene exon 12 mutations in adults with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and its clinical characteristics.

Methods: Genomic DNAs from 101 AML adults were screened by PCR and sequencing or capillary electrophoresis (CE) for NPMI mutations.

Results: NPM1 exon 12 mutations were present in 31.

CAG regimen enables relapsed or refractory T-cell acute lymphocytic leukemia patients to achieve complete remission: a report of six cases.

Patients with either relapsed or refractory T-cell acute lymphocytic leukemia (T-ALL) are candidates for allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT). Achieving complete remission (CR) in these patients is difficult but crucial for the success of allo-HSCT. In this study, we examined 6 relapsed or refractory T-ALL patients.