Ardisia Crispae Radix et Rhizoma: A review of botany, traditional uses, phytochemistry, pharmacology, and toxicology.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Ardisia Crispae Radix et Rhizoma comprises three primary source plants: Ardisia crenata Sims, Ardisia crispa (Thunb.) A. DC.

Quality evaluation and identification of bleached with sodium metabisulfite based on whole spectrum metabolomics.

(HC) is a widely distributed plant in Asia and is used extensively for both food and medicinal purposes. A preliminary investigation found that HC is often bleached with sodium metabisulfite solution during its field processing, leading to health risks. In this study, the effects of sodium metabisulfite on the quality of HC were comprehensively evaluated using volatile and non-volatile targeted metabolomic methods.

Neuropilin-1-Targeted Nanomedicine for Spatiotemporal Tumor Suppression through Photodynamic Vascular Damage and Antiangiogenesis.

Antiangiogenic therapy is an effective way to disrupt nutrient supply and starve tumors, but it is restricted by poor efficacy and negative feedback-induced tumor relapse. In this study, a neuropilin-1 (NRP-1)-targeted nanomedicine (designated as FPPT@Axi) is reported for spatiotemporal tumor suppression by combining photodynamic therapy (PDT) with antiangiogenesis. In brief, FPPT@Axi is prepared by utilizing an NRP-1-targeting chimeric peptide (Fmoc-K(PpIX)-PEG-TKPRR) to encapsulate the antiangiogenic drug Axitinib (Axi).

Efficacy and safety of cadonilimab in previously treated recurrent or metastatic nasopharyngeal carcinoma(COMPASSION-06): A phase II multicenter study.

Objective: This study was designed to assess the efficacy and safety of cadonilimab monotherapy, a first-in-class, bi-specific PD-1/CTLA-4 antibody, in patients with previously treated recurrent or metastatic nasopharyngeal carcinoma (R/M-NPC).

Patients And Methods: This multicenter, open-label, single-arm, phase II clinical trial enrolled patients with R/M-NPC who had failed first-line platinum-based chemotherapy and second-line single agent or combined chemotherapy, and immunotherapy-naive. Patients received cadonilimab for 6 mg/kg once every 2 weeks (Q2W).

Two somatic mutations in the androgen receptor N-terminal domain are oncogenic drivers in hepatocellular carcinoma.

The androgen receptor (AR) plays an important role in male-dominant hepatocellular carcinoma, and specific acquired somatic mutations of AR have been observed in HCC patients. Our previous research have established the role of AR wild type as one of the key oncogenes in hepatocarcinogenesis. However, the role of hepatic acquired somatic mutations of AR remains unknown.

Radiomic signatures reveal multiscale intratumor heterogeneity associated with tissue tolerance and survival in re-irradiated nasopharyngeal carcinoma: a multicenter study.

Background: Post-radiation nasopharyngeal necrosis (PRNN) is a severe adverse event following re-radiotherapy for patients with locally recurrent nasopharyngeal carcinoma (LRNPC) and associated with decreased survival. Biological heterogeneity in recurrent tumors contributes to the different risks of PRNN. Radiomics can be used to mine high-throughput non-invasive image features to predict clinical outcomes and capture underlying biological functions.

CDK4/6 inhibition triggers ICAM1-driven immune response and sensitizes LKB1 mutant lung cancer to immunotherapy.

Liver kinase B1 (LKB1) mutation is prevalent and a driver of resistance to immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) therapy for lung adenocarcinoma. Here leveraging single cell RNA sequencing data, we demonstrate that trafficking and adhesion process of activated T cells are defected in genetically engineered Kras-driven mouse model with Lkb1 conditional knockout. LKB1 mutant cancer cells result in marked suppression of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM1).

Interstitial pneumonitis associated with combined regimen of immunotherapy and conventional therapies-pharmacovigilance database analysis with real-world data validation.

Background: Immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) therapy combined with conventional therapies is being broadly applied in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients. However, the risk of interstitial pneumonitis (IP) following a combined regimen is incompletely characterized.

Methods: A total of 46,127 NSCLC patients were extracted for disproportionality analyses of IP from the Food and Drug Administration's Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS) database.

PARP Inhibition Induces Synthetic Lethality and Adaptive Immunity in LKB1-Mutant Lung Cancer.

Unlabelled: Contradictory characteristics of elevated mutational burden and a "cold" tumor microenvironment (TME) coexist in liver kinase B1 (LKB1)-mutant non-small cell lung cancers (NSCLC). The molecular basis underlying this paradox and strategies tailored to these historically difficult to treat cancers are lacking. Here, by mapping the single-cell transcriptomic landscape of genetically engineered mouse models with Kras versus Kras/Lkb1-driven lung tumors, we detected impaired tumor-intrinsic IFNγ signaling in Kras/Lkb1-driven tumors that explains the inert immune context.

Case Report: De novo variant in myelin regulatory factor in a Chinese child with 46,XY disorder/difference of sex development, cardiac and urogenital anomalies, and short stature.

The myelin regulatory factor (; MIM# 608329) gene was first identified as a critical transcription factor involved in oligodendrocyte differentiation and central nervous system myelination. With the recent development of exome sequencing, pathogenic variants of had been considered as the cause of cardiac-urogenital syndrome (CUGS), 46,XY and 46,XX disorders/differences of sex development (DSDs), and nanophthalmos. Herein, we described a 4-year-7-month-old "girl" with ventricular septal defect, atrial septal defect, patent ductus arteriosus, severe pulmonary hypertension, moderate-to-severe tricuspid regurgitation, enlarged coronary sinus, left superior vena cava, and right lung hypoplasia at birth.

Organ-specific metastatic landscape dissects PD-(L)1 blockade efficacy in advanced non-small cell lung cancer: applicability from clinical trials to real-world practice.

Background: Organ-specific metastatic context has not been incorporated into the clinical practice of guiding programmed death-(ligand) 1 [PD-(L)1] blockade, due to a lack of understanding of its predictive versus prognostic value. We aim at delineating and then incorporating both the predictive and prognostic effects of the metastatic-organ landscape to dissect PD-(L)1 blockade efficacy in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).

Methods: A total of 2062 NSCLC patients from a double-arm randomized trial (OAK), two immunotherapy trials (FIR, BIRCH), and a real-world cohort (NFyy) were included.

Surgical management and molecular diagnosis of persistent Müllerian duct syndrome in Chinese patients.

Persistent Müllerian duct syndrome (PMDS) is a rare clinically and genetically overlapping disorder caused by mutations in the anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) gene or the anti-Müllerian hormone receptor type 2 (AMHR2) gene. Affected individuals present uterus and tubes in normally virilized males and are discovered unexpectedly during other surgeries. Since it is rare and complex, a definitive clinical diagnosis can be missed, and there are no guidelines regarding how to deal with the uterus.

Mutation in Non-Tyrosine Kinase Domain of as a Potential Predictor of Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors in Melanoma.

Purpose: Despite the success of targeted therapy in c-ros oncogene 1 ()-rearranged cancers, especially non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), the clinical significance of mutation has not yet been understood. We sought to elucidate the predictive effect of mutation for immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) therapy in melanoma.

Methods: The Cancer Genome Atlas [TCGA ( = 10967)] and Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center [MSK ( = 10,945)] datasets, as well as two clinical cohorts of melanoma received ICI [CA209-038 ( = 73) and MEL-IPI ( = 110)], were included to explore the prevalence, prognostic effect, and immunotherapeutic predictive effect of mutation in melanoma.

Integrative evaluation of primary and metastatic lesion spectrum to guide anti-PD-L1 therapy of non-small cell lung cancer: results from two randomized studies.

: Clinical benefits of immune-checkpoint blockade (ICB) versus standard chemotherapy have been established in unselected non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, the response to ICB therapy among patients is heterogeneous in clinical practice. : We retrospectively assessed the predicitive effect of the primary and metastatic lesion spectrum (baseline sum of the longest diameters [SLD], number of metastatic sites and specific organ metastases) on the efficacy of atezolizumab over docetaxel in OAK and POPLAR trial cohorts.

Long noncoding RNA UPK1A-AS1 indicates poor prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma and promotes cell proliferation through interaction with EZH2.

Background: Dysregulation of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) is responsible for cancer initiation and development, positioning lncRNAs as not only biomarkers but also promising therapeutic targets for cancer treatment. A growing number of lncRNAs have been reported in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), but their functional and mechanistic roles remain unclear.

Methods: Gene Set Enrichment Analysis was used to investigate the molecular mechanism of UPK1A antisense RNA 1 (UPK1A-AS1).

A nomogram based on pretreatment CT radiomics features for predicting complete response to chemoradiotherapy in patients with esophageal squamous cell cancer.

Purpose: To develop and validate a nomogram model to predict complete response (CR) after concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT) in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) patients using pretreatment CT radiomic features.

Methods: Data of patients diagnosed as ESCC and treated with CCRT in Shantou Central Hospital during the period from January 2013 to December 2015 were retrospectively collected. Eligible patients were included in this study and randomize divided into a training set and a validation set after successive screening.

Development and interpretation of a pathomics-based model for the prediction of microsatellite instability in Colorectal Cancer.

Microsatellite instability (MSI) has been approved as a pan-cancer biomarker for immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) therapy. However, current MSI identification methods are not available for all patients. We proposed an ensemble multiple instance deep learning model to predict microsatellite status based on histopathology images, and interpreted the pathomics-based model with multi-omics correlation.

Development and Validation of a Prognostic Nomogram Based on Residual Tumor in Patients With Nondisseminated Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma.

Objectives: To investigate the prognostic value of residual tumor based on Magnetic resonance imaging(MRI) and establish an effective prognostic nomogram model referring to clinical,pathological and other related factors for predicting prognosis in nasopharyngeal carcinoma.

Methods: Overall, 538 patients with non-metastatic, histologically-confirmed nasopharyngeal carcinoma were retrospectively examined. Data from 397 patients were used for the construction and validation of a nomogram based on the presence of residual tumor.

Development and validation of a genomic mutation signature to predict response to PD-1 inhibitors in non-squamous NSCLC: a multicohort study.

Background: Genetic variations of some driver genes in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) had shown potential impact on immune microenvironment and associated with response or resistance to programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) blockade immunotherapy. We therefore undertook an exploratory analysis to develop a genomic mutation signature (GMS) and predict the response to anti-PD-(L)1 therapy.

Methods: In this multicohort analysis, 316 patients with non-squamous NSCLC treated with anti-PD-(L)1 from three independent cohorts were included in our study.

Combination of TMB and CNA Stratifies Prognostic and Predictive Responses to Immunotherapy Across Metastatic Cancer.

Purpose: Although tumor mutation burden (TMB) has been well known to predict the response to immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI), lack of randomized clinical trial data has restricted its clinical application. This study aimed to explore the significance and feasibility of biomarker combination based on TMB and copy-number alteration (CNA) for the prognosis of each tumor and prediction for ICI therapy in metastatic pan-cancer milieu.

Experimental Design: Non-ICI-treated MSK pan-cancer cohort was used for prognosis analysis.

CD36 inhibits β-catenin/c-myc-mediated glycolysis through ubiquitination of GPC4 to repress colorectal tumorigenesis.

The diverse expression pattern of CD36 reflects its multiple cellular functions. However, the roles of CD36 in colorectal cancer (CRC) remain unknown. Here, we discover that CD36 expression is progressively decreased from adenomas to carcinomas.

Efficacy and safety of consolidation chemotherapy during the resting period in patients with local advanced rectal cancer.

It remains controversial as to whether a long interval between neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (NCRT) and surgery may provide clinical benefits for patients with local advanced rectal cancer (LARC). The addition of consolidation chemotherapy during the resting period was recently considered as a treatment option. The present study aimed to verify the efficacy and safety of consolidation chemotherapy during the resting period in patients with LARC.

Identification of miR-375 as a potential prognostic biomarker for esophageal squamous cell cancer: A bioinformatics analysis based on TCGA and meta-analysis.

Accumulating evidence has demonstrated that aberrantly expressed miRNAs in cancer tissues regulated various cellular processes related to carcinogenesis. The present study aimed to identify the differentially expressed miRNAs between esophageal squamous cell cancer (ESCC) and adjacent normal esophageal tissue (ANET). In our present study, we identified 129 differentially expressed miRNAs between ESCC and ANET by analyzing high-throughput miRNA data downloaded from TCGA database.