Significant loss of soil inorganic carbon at the continental scale.

Widespread soil acidification due to atmospheric acid deposition and agricultural fertilization may greatly accelerate soil carbonate dissolution and CO release. However, to date, few studies have addressed these processes. Here, we use meta-analysis and nationwide-survey datasets to investigate changes in soil inorganic carbon (SIC) stocks in China.

Copper migration and isotope fractionation in a typical paddy soil profile of the Yangtze Delta.

To decipher Cu migration in paddy soils, which is important for understanding Cu supply in rice cultivation, Cu concentrations and isotope compositions were measured in a paddy soil profile in Suzhou, Eastern China, in the central Yangtze Delta. The results show that the variations in δCu values and Cu concentrations are not coupled along the profile. From top to bottom, the δCu values show small variations (0.

Iron Stable Isotopes in Bulk Soil and Sequential Extracted Fractions Trace Fe Redox Cycling in Paddy Soils.

In paddy soils, iron (Fe) forms are highly influenced by the seasonal redox changes and leave detectable isotope signals because of fractionation between different Fe forms. Here, we present Fe concentrations and Fe isotope compositions (expressed as δFe values) in a paddy soil profile from Suzhou, China. Light Fe isotopes were enriched in two iron-accumulation layers (Br3 and G1) with high Fe concentrations.

Pedogenic knowledge-aided modelling of soil inorganic carbon stocks in an alpine environment.

Accurate estimation of soil carbon is essential for accounting carbon cycling on the background of global environment change. However, previous studies made little contribution to the patterns and stocks of soil inorganic carbon (SIC) in large scales. In this study, we defined the structure of the soil depth function to fit vertical distribution of SIC based on pedogenic knowledge across various landscapes.

[Effect of tobacco straw incorporation on rice yield and nutrient absorption and its substitute for potassium fertilizer].

Field trails were carried to study the effects of tobacco straw incorporation and potassium (K) fertilizer on rice yield, K uptake and use efficiency, and its substitute for K fertilizer under different paddy soil K levels in tobacco-rice rotation areas. Results showed that both tobacco straw incorporation (2250 kg·hm) and K fertilizer application (75 kg KO ·hm) could increase grain yield and aboveground K uptake of rice. The treatment of tobacco straw incorporation with K fertilizer (St+NPK) got the best effect on rice yield compared with the control (NP).

Characterization of the spatial variability of soil available zinc at various sampling densities using grouped soil type information.

The influence of anthropogenic activities and natural processes involved high uncertainties to the spatial variation modeling of soil available zinc (AZn) in plain river network regions. Four datasets with different sampling densities were split over the Qiaocheng district of Bozhou City, China. The difference of AZn concentrations regarding soil types was analyzed by the principal component analysis (PCA).

Precise estimation of soil organic carbon stocks in the northeast Tibetan Plateau.

There is a need for accurate estimate of soil organic carbon (SOC) stocks for understanding the role of alpine soils in the global carbon cycle. We tested a method for mapping digitally the continuous distribution of the SOC stock in three dimensions in the northeast of the Tibetan Plateau. The approach integrated the spatial distribution of the mattic epipedon which is a special surface horizon widespread and rich in organic matter in Tibetan grasslands.

Retrieval and Mapping of Soil Texture Based on Land Surface Diurnal Temperature Range Data from MODIS.

Numerous studies have investigated the direct retrieval of soil properties, including soil texture, using remotely sensed images. However, few have considered how soil properties influence dynamic changes in remote images or how soil processes affect the characteristics of the spectrum. This study investigated a new method for mapping regional soil texture based on the hypothesis that the rate of change of land surface temperature is related to soil texture, given the assumption of similar starting soil moisture conditions.

Effects of sodium hydroxide, sodium hypochlorite, and gaseous hydrogen peroxide on the natural properties of cancellous bone.

Processed xenegeneic cancellous bone represents an alternative to bone autograft. In order to observe the effects of present prion inactivation treatments on the natural properties of xenogeneic cancellous bones, we treated bovine bone granules with sodium hydroxide (NaOH), sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl), and gaseous hydrogen peroxide (gH2 O2 ) respectively in this study. The microstructure, composition, and mineral content of the granules were evaluated by scanning electron micrograph, energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, ash analysis, and micro-computed tomography.

[The rural polyclinic in the early stage of the People's Republic of China.].

The polyclinic is one type of medical organization of mutual assistance and cooperation of a collective nature, which was founded based on the integration of rural original medical and health resources in the early stage of the People's Republic of China. The polyclinic played a particular role in resolving the extreme shortage of rural medical resources and medicines at that time and promoting the sanitary and anti-epidemic situation in rural communities. This laid a foundation for the three-level network of care and medical prevention.

[Risk of soil salinisation by application of concentrated animal manures].

The salt content in 180 samples of concentrated animal manures collected in Jiangsu Province was analyzed and the risk of soil salinisation by the application of manures was evaluated by the methods of spatial analysis on GIS and simulating prediction on the accumulation model of salt in soil. The salt content in animal manures was high, with the highest value of 24.2 g x kg(-1) (dry weight).