hURAT1 Transgenic Mouse Model for Evaluating Targeted Urate-Lowering Agents.

Background: Urate transporter 1 (URAT1) is a well-known therapeutic target for reducing urate levels in the treatment of hyperuricemia and gout. However, current pharmacological studies have failed to evaluate the efficacy of URAT1 inhibitors in non-primate animal models. We established a human URAT1 (hURAT1) transgenic knock-in (KI) mouse model to assess uricosuric agents' effectiveness and characterize URAT1-caused pathogenesis.

The breaking of charge symmetry at the M-site in octahedral units of KMF perovskite induces enhanced electrochemical nitrate reduction in ammonia.

Electrochemical production of NH from NO offers a solution to the environmental issue of excess NO but is challenged by the lack of efficient, sensitive electrocatalysts with high NH yield rate and Faraday efficiency (FE). Herein, a medium-entropy perovskite fluoride (KMF, M = Co/Ni/Fe/Ti) was prepared as efficient electrocatalysts to produce NH via the NO reduction reaction (NORR). By introducing various transition metals at the M-sites, the charge distribution at the M-site octahedral units was adjusted to increase the disorder of KMF, resulting in an optimized electronic structure with high intrinsic NORR performance.

The Unique Immune System of Bats: An Evolutionary Analysis and Bibliometric Study.

Bats exhibit a greater capacity to tolerate diverse viruses than other terrestrial mammals. To address these questions, we utilized evolutionary and bibliometric analyses to explore the immunological characteristics of bats and identify contemporary research hotspots in bat immunity. To investigate the historical interactions between bats and viral infections, we used tBLASTn software to identify the integrated endogenous retroviruses within the genomes of nine bat species and seven other mammals.

Design and Synthesis of a Novel Binuclear Palladium Complex as a Turn on Fluorescent Receptor for Neurotransmitter Dopamine.

A novel binuclear palladium complex has been synthesized by the reaction of tetramethylethylenediamine palladium nitrate and sodium salt of pyromellitic acid. UV vis, NMR as well as fluorescent titration techniques show that this binuclear palladium complex interacts with neurotransmitter dopamine. The fluorescence of the palladium complex in aqueous solution gets enhanced with the gradual addition of the neurotransmitter dopamine which makes this complex to act as a turn on fluorescent sensor for neurotransmitter dopamine.

Improvement of the Ferroelectric Response of La-Doped Hafnium Zirconium Oxide Employing Tungsten Oxide Interfacial Layer with Back-End-of-Line Compatibility.

In this work, the impact of a tungsten oxide (WO) seed and capping layer for ferroelectric La-doped (Hf, Zr)O (La:HZO) based capacitors, designed with back-end-of-line (BEOL) compatibility, is systematically investigated. The WO capping layer supplies oxygen to the La:HZO layer throughout the fabrication process and during device cycling. This facilitates the annihilation of oxygen vacancies (V) within the La:HZO layer, thereby stabilizing its ferroelectric orthorhombic phase and resulting in an increase of the remanent polarization (P) value in the capacitor.

Enterovirus 71 induces pyroptosis of human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells through miR-146a/ CXCR4 axis.

Enterovirus 71 (EV71) is a predominant causative pathogen of hand-foot-and-mouth disease (HFMD) in children. Compared with other HFMD-associated viruses, EV71 tends to induce more severe neurological complications and even death. However, the detailed mechanism of EV71 causes nervous system disorder is still unclear.

Robotic Surgery in Achalasia: State of the Art.

Achalasia is a rare primary esophageal disorder characterized by impaired functioning of the lower esophageal sphincter. The goal of treatment is to reduce symptoms and improve the quality of life. The gold standard of surgical approach is Heller-Dor myotomy.

augments endothelial cell function for ischemic hindlimb recovery.

() root as a traditional herb is widely applied to pharmacotherapy for vascular system disease. In this study, we elucidate the therapy mechanism of by using a model of hindlimb ischemia. Blood perfusion measurement showed that intravenous administration of the Water Extract of (WES) could facilitate damaged hindlimb blood flow recovery and blood vessel regeneration.

Is the Oral Cavity of Intensive Care Unit Pediatric Patients More Susceptible to Methicillin-Resistant Infection?

The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of methicillin-resistant (MRSA) in the oral cavity of pediatric patients hospitalized at an intensive care unit (ICU). Thirty ICU patients (group 1) and 30 healthy patients (group 2), between 1 and 12 years of age, matched by sex and age, were selected from a public hospital in Brazil. After oral examinations, biological specimens (nostril swab, oral mucosa, and supragingival biofilm) were collected from both groups to verify the presence of Identification occurred after growth in Tryptic Soy Broth with 7.

Plasmon Mediated Electron Transfer and Temperature Dependent Electron-Phonon Scattering in Gold Nanoparticles Embedded in Dielectric Films.

Excitation of localized surface plasmon resonance in metal nanoparticles (NPs) embedded in a glassy matrix generates hot electrons, which can be extracted for different optoelectronic applications. The insights of plasmon relaxation dynamics with varying surrounding dielectric environments and temperature dependence electron-phonon scattering process in gold (Au) NPs are still not very clear. Here, we have employed ultrafast transient absorption (TA) spectroscopy to explore the hot plasmon mediated electron transfer (PMET) and electron-phonon dynamics of photo-excited Au NPs in glassy film matrix with variable SiO /TiO compositions at cryogenic (5 K) to room temperature (300 K).

A multi-herb-combined remedy to overcome hyper-inflammatory response by reprogramming transcription factor profile and shaping monocyte subsets.

Traditional Chinese multi-herb-combined prescriptions usually show better performance than a single agent since a group of effective compounds interfere multiple disease-relevant targets simultaneously. Huang-Lian-Jie-Du decoction is a remedy made of four herbs that are widely used to treat oral ulcers, gingivitis, and periodontitis. However, the active ingredients and underlying mechanisms are not clear.

Comparing the diagnostic value of serum oligosaccharide chain (G-test) and alpha-fetoprotein for hepatitis B virus-related liver cancer.

Objectives: The study compared the diagnostic efficiency of serum oligosaccharide chain (G-test) and alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) for hepatitis B-related hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).

Methods: Serum samples from 100 patients (divided into five groups of 20 each, namely the hepatitis, liver cirrhosis, liver cancer, health, and interference groups) who were admitted to the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University from October 2019 to January 2020 were collected, and the levels of G-test and AFP were determined. The sensitivity and specificity of the two indicators were compared, and the receiver operating characteristic curve of the subjects was drawn to evaluate the diagnostic values of G-test and AFP for HCC.

Nanoparticle Induced Morphology Modulation in Spin Coated PS/PMMA Blend Thin Films.

The influence of adding nanoparticles on the ascast morphology of spin coated immiscible polystyrene/poly(methyl methacrylate) (PS/PMMA) thin films of different thickness () and composition (, volume ratio of PS to PMMA) has been explored in this article. To understand the precise effect of nanoparticle addition, the morphology of PS/PMMA thin blend films spin cast from toluene on a native oxide covered silicon wafer substrate was first investigated. It is seen that in particle free films, the generic morphology of the films remains nearly unaltered with increase in , for = 3:1 and 1:3.

Ultrafast Charge Delocalization Dynamics of Ambient Stable CsPbBr Nanocrystals Encapsulated in Polystyrene Fiber.

CsPbBr nanocrystals (NCs) encapsulated in a transparent polystyrene (PS) fiber matrix (CsPbBr @PS) have been synthesized to protect the NCs. The ultrafast charge delocalization dynamics of the embedded NCs have been demonstrated, and the results are compared with the pristine CsPbBr in toluene. The electrospinning method was employed for the preparation of CsPbBr @PS fibers by using a polystyrene solution doped with pre-synthesized CsPbBr and characterized by XRD, HRTEM, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS).

Development of nano-porous hydroxyapatite coated e-glass for potential bone-tissue engineering application: An in vitro approach.

To reconstruct the defects caused by craniectomies autologous, bone grafting was usually used, but they failed most commonly due to bone resorption, infections and donor-site morbidity. In the present investigation, an effort has been made for the first time to check the feasibility and advantage of using hydroxyapatite (HAp) coated e-glass as component of bone implants. Sol-gel synthesized coatings were found to be purely hydroxyapatite from XRD with graded and interconnected pores all over the surface observable in TEM.

pH-Responsive Artesunate Polymer Prodrugs with Enhanced Ablation Effect on Rodent Xenograft Colon Cancer.

Purpose: In this study, pH-sensitive poly(2-ethyl-2-oxazoline)-poly(lactic acid)-poly(β-amino ester) (PEOz-PLA-PBAE) triblock copolymers were synthesized and were conjugated with an antimalaria drug artesunate (ART), for inhibition of a colon cancer xenograft model.

Methods: The as-prepared polymer prodrugs are tended to self-assemble into polymeric micelles in aqueous milieu, with PEOz segment as hydrophilic shell and PLA-PBAE segment as hydrophobic core.

Results: The pH sensitivity of the as-prepared copolymers was confirmed by acid-base titration with pb values around 6.

Probiotics maintain the intestinal microbiome homeostasis of the sailors during a long sea voyage.

The challenging conditions encountered during long sea voyages increase the risk of health-threatening physiological and psychological stress for sailors compared with land-based workers. However, how the intestinal microbiota responds to a long sea voyage and whether there is a feasible approach for protecting gut health during sea voyage are still unexplored. Here, we designed a 30-d longitudinal study including a placebo group ( = 42) and a probiotic group ( = 40) and used shotgun metagenomic sequencing to explore the impacts of sea voyage on the intestinal microbiome of sailors.

In Situ Synthesis of Mesoporous TiO Nanofibers Surface-Decorated with AuAg Alloy Nanoparticles Anchored by Heterojunction Exhibiting Enhanced Solar Active Photocatalysis.

We designed an electrospinning synthesis protocol to obtain in situ, the mesoporous TiO nanofibers, which are surface-decorated with plasmonic AuAg nanoparticles (AuAg-mTNF-H). Such alloy nanoparticles are found to be partially exposed on the surface of the nanofibers. Characterization by HRTEM and EDS confirmed the formation of 1:1 AuAg alloy nanoparticles on the surface of TiO nanofibers with heterojunction at the interfaces.

Green Synthesis of Novel Polyesterurethane Materials from Epoxides and Carbon Dioxide by New Set of One-Dimensional Coordination Polymer Catalyst.

Two novel polyesterurethane materials, and , were synthesized via nontoxic and isocyanate-free route by simple conversion of two epoxides 1,2-epoxy-3-phenoxy propane () and styrene epoxide () utilizing CO. Epoxides and were converted to the respective cyclic carbonates and by a new set of cobalt-based catalyst in the presence of 10 bar of CO and 80 °C temperature without using cocatalyst tetrabutylammonium bromide (TBAB). The mechanistic pathway of the catalysis reaction for the cycloaddition of epoxides with CO to generate the cyclic carbonates was investigated by several spectroscopic techniques and utilizing analogous zinc-based 1D coordination polymer , which does not act as an efficient catalyst in the absence of TBAB.

New Set of Multicomponent Crystals as Efficient Heterogeneous Catalysts for the Synthesis of Cyclic Carbonates.

Three new multicomponent crystals of Zn(II), Mn(II), and Co(II), respectively, were synthesized by the reaction of 2,6-bis(hydroxymethyl)pyridine, the respective metal salts, and sodium benzoate in a 1:1:2 ratio. One component of these multicomponent crystals is the dicationic 2,6-bis(hydroxymethyl)pyridine metal complex and the other component is the dianionic tetrabenzoate complex of the same metal. The complexes were fully characterized by single-crystal X-ray structure determination.

[Preparation of docetaxel-loaded nanomicelles and their anti-Lewis lung cancer effect in vitro].

Docetaxel-loaded nanomicelles were prepared in this study to improve the solubility and tumor targeting effect of docetaxel(DTX),and further evaluate their anticancer effects in vitro. PBAE-DTX nanomicelles were prepared by film-hydration method with amphiphilic block copolymer polyethyleneglycol methoxy-polylactide(PELA) and pH sensitive triblock copolymer polyethyleneglycol methoxy-polylactide-poly-β-aminoester(PBAE) were used respectively to prepare PELA-DTX nanomicelles and PBAE-DTX nanomicelles. The nanomicelles were characterized by physicochemical properties and the activity of mice Lewis lung cancer cells was studied.

Immunohistochemistry analysis of Pygo2 expression in central nervous system tumors.

Pygo2 as a Wnt signaling pathway component has been detected in multiple cancer types. In this study, we identified Pygo2 expression features by immunohistochemistry in 73 central nervous system tumor specimens, in comparison with 14 normal brain tissues and surrounding non-tumorous tissues of tumor. Our study indicated that 59% of the patient tumor specimens exhibited positive Pygo2-staining and increases intensity with the grade of malignancy, especially for WHO grade III and IV gliomas, was observed high level expression, compared with normal brain tissues.

pH Responsive Polymer Micelles Enhances Inhibitory Efficacy on Metastasis of Murine Breast Cancer Cells.

A pH sensitive micellar cargo was fabricated for pH triggered delivery of hydrophobic drug paclitaxel with pH controlled drug release profiles. The size, drug loading content, and encapsulation efficiency of PTX loaded micelles were 20-30 nm, 7.5%, 82.

Electrospun ZrO nanofibers: precursor controlled mesopore ordering and evolution of garland-like nanocrystal arrays.

We observed that the hydrolysis-condensation reaction of precursors makes a significant difference in constructing ordered mesopores in electrospun ZrO2 nanofibers. Transmission-SAXS studies confirm the generation of uniform clusters of size ∼1.44 nm in the ZrOCl2·8H2O (inorganic salt) derived sol due to its relatively slow hydrolysis-condensation process.

Transcriptome analysis of a taxol-producing endophytic fungus Cladosporium cladosporioides MD2.

The shortage of molecular information for taxol-producing fungi has greatly impeded the understanding of fungal taxol biosynthesis mechanism. In this study, the transcriptome of one taxol-producing endophytic fungus Cladosporium cladosporioides MD2 was sequenced for the first time. About 1.