The progress in Natural Language Processing (NLP) using Large Language Models (LLMs) has greatly improved medical sentiment analysis of patient feedback extraction from health-related question and answer. However, using LLMs to analyze such data often requires significant training data and computational resources, resulting in considerable increases in training costs and durations, which is one of the primary issues in applying LLMs to real-world healthcare scenarios. To tackle these challenges, a novel optimization algorithm named KAdam-EnGPT4LLM, based on Kalman filters and Adaptive Moment Estimation, is proposed to enhance training efficiency and reduce training costs of LLMs for analyzing patient feedback sentiment.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIntroduction: Colorectal endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) is a technically demanding operation with a long learning curve. The aim of this study was to determine whether orthodontic rubber band (ORB)-assisted colorectal ESD could improve the trainees' learning curve as it was shown to shorten colorectal ESD procedure time in trainees and experts.
Methods: This prospective, randomized, controlled clinical study involved 178 patients who underwent colorectal ESD, randomly divided into trainee ORB-assisted ESD (Trainee ORB-ESD; n = 60), trainee conventional ESD (Trainee C-ESD; n = 57), and expert conventional ESD (Expert C-ESD; n = 61) groups.
Endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) of fibrotic colorectal lesions is difficult and has a high complication rate. There are only a few reports on the utility of orthodontic rubber band (ORB) traction in reducing the difficulty of this procedure. This study aimed to investigate the risk factors for perforation when applying ORB traction during ESD of fibrotic colorectal lesions.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground And Study Aims: Endoscopic submucosal excavation (ESE) and endoscopic full-thickness resection (EFTR) are common endoscopic minimally invasive methods for treatment of gastric submucosal tumors (SMTs). However, it is sometimes difficult to expose the tumor optimally. This study aimed to explore the safety and effectiveness of tumor traction using orthodontic rubber band (ORB) combined with clips to assist ESE and EFTR of gastric SMTs.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjective: To study and compare the value of the Kyoto classification risk scoring system and the modified Kyoto classification risk scoring system based on linked color imaging (LCI) in predicting the risk of early gastric cancer.
Methods: One hundred and fifty patients with pathologically confirmed non-cardia early gastric cancer by endoscopic LCI and 150 non-gastric cancer patients matched for age and gender were included. Basic patient data and whole gastric endoscopic images under LCI were collected, and the images were scored according to the LCI-based Kyoto classification risk scoring system and the LCI-based modified Kyoto classification risk scoring system.
Background: Pancreatic fibrosis is one of the most important pathological features of chronic pancreatitis (CP) and pancreatic stellate cells (PSCs) are the key cells of fibrosis. As an extracellular matrix (ECM) glycoprotein, cartilage oligomeric matrix protein (COMP) is critical for collagen assembly and ECM stability and recent studies showed that COMP exert promoting fibrosis effect in the skin, lungs and liver. However, the role of COMP in activation of PSCs and pancreatic fibrosis remain unclear.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Inaccurate Forrest classification may significantly affect clinical outcomes, especially in high risk patients. Therefore, this study aimed to develop a real-time deep convolutional neural network (DCNN) system to assess the Forrest classification of peptic ulcer bleeding (PUB).
Methods: A training dataset (3868 endoscopic images) and an internal validation dataset (834 images) were retrospectively collected from the 900th Hospital, Fuzhou, China.
Orphanet J Rare Dis
February 2024
Background And Aims: Metformin has been reported to inhibit the occurrence and development of colorectal cancer (CRC) by mediating changes in intestinal flora. Studies have also indicated that the occurence of familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP) may also be associated with changes in the intestinal flora. Therefore, we investigated the efficacy and safety of metformin in treating FAP and the association with intestinal flora.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAlbiflorin (Alb) is a monoterpenoid component that is commonly found in Paeonia lactiflora Pall. or Paeonia veitchii Lynch. It is known for its impressive anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory properties.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe accurate identification and analysis of chemical structures in molecular images are prerequisites of artificial intelligence for drug discovery. It is important to efficiently and automatically convert molecular images into machine-readable representations. Therefore, in this paper, we propose an automated molecular optical image recognition model based on deep learning, called Image2InChI.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEndoscopic papillectomy(EP) is a minimally invasive treatment for early ampullary tumors. However, the optimal method is unclear. The aim of this study is to explore the efficacy and safety of traction-assisted EP treatments for ampullary early tumors.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: During endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) for gastric lesions with fibrosis, appropriate traction could provide clear submucosal dissection visualization to improve safety and efficiency of procedures. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the feasibility of magnetic ring-assisted ESD (MRA-ESD) for gastric fibrotic lesions.
Method: In the eight healthy beagles, 2-3 mL of 50% glucose solution was injected into submucosal layer of the stomach to induce gastric fibrotic lesions.
Background And Aims: The activation of pancreatic stellate cells (PSCs) plays a key role in the occurrence and development of chronic pancreatitis (CP) and pancreatic fibrosis, which is related to the process of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). This study was designed to investigate the effect and mechanism of Tcf21 (one of tumor suppressor genes) on pancreatic inflammation and fibrosis in vivo and in vitro.
Methods: C57BL/6 male mice were intraperitoneally injected with caerulein for 6 weeks to establish CP animal model.
Primary squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the periampullary area is exceedingly rare. We report a case of a 45-year-old woman who presented with progressive upper abdominal pain and melena. Laboratory testing revealed an elevated level of carcinoembryonic antigen.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Colonoscopy is the main kind of way to detect and treat diseases about large intestine, but during the examination and preparation, these 2 processes are able to lead abdominal pain, abdominal distention and other discomfort feel, which will cause patients to refuse the examination and become anxious. Painless and sedative endoscopy may reduce discomfort of patients, but there is a risk of adverse effects. Many studies have shown that playing music during colonoscopy can reduce discomfort and increase acceptance of colonoscopy, but the conclusion remains controversial.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFRationale: Familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP) is an autosomal dominant genetic disease, with a very high cancer rate. At present, endoscopic resection of polyps ≥ 1 cm is often chosen for patients with non-cancerous polyps who are unwilling to undergo surgery, and regular review is conducted. Once the polyps are pathologically confirmed to be cancerous, surgical resection of the diseased large intestine is generally recommended, but surgery often leads to a series of complications.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjective: The first choice of treatment for rectal neuroendocrine tumors (R-NETs) 10 mm in size is endoscopic resection, there is still controversy concerning the optimal endoscopic treatment for resecting R-NETs. This study evaluated the efficacy and safety of multiple ligation-assisted endoscopic submucosal resection combined with endoscopic ultrasonography (EMR-MLUS) for R-NETs.
Methods: We retrospectively analyzed the data of 62 patients with R-NETs ≤10 mm in size who underwent EMR-MLUS or ligation-assisted endoscopic submucosal resection combined with endoscopic ultrasonography (EMR-LUS) between May 2019 and April 2022, including tumor characteristics, endoscopic complete resection, pathological complete resection, the procedure time, adverse events, and follow-up were compared between the two groups of patients.
Background And Purpose: Endoscopic mucosal resection (EMR) is frequently used for the removal of colorectal neoplasms. However, the use of prophylactic antibiotics in patients undergoing EMR is debatable. The aim of this randomized controlled trial was to assess whether antimicrobial prophylaxis is crucial in the perioperative period of EMR, especially for 10- to 20-mm lesions in this setting.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSurg Laparosc Endosc Percutan Tech
February 2023
Objective: Preoperative labeling of gastric cancer is an important means to determine the surgical margin. At present, there are many commonly used labeling methods. However, which is more accurate and has fewer complications remains to be studied.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground And Aims: Effective traction is an important prerequisite for successful endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD). The combined orthodontic rubber band (ORB) and clip method was effective in colorectal cancer ESD. To date, the method was not reported in gastric ESD.
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