EGFR-directed antibodies promote HER2 ADC internalization and efficacy.

Trastuzumab deruxtecan (T-DXd) is a human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-targeting antibody drug conjugate that has remarkable activity in HER2-positive cancers. However, the degree of benefit of T-DXd is not uniform among solid tumors even with high levels of HER2. Despite high HER2 expression, the HER2/T-DXd complex may not always undergo internalization and payload release dependent on the receptor's conformation and context.

Predictors of response to CDK4/6i retrial after prior CDK4/6i failure in ER+ metastatic breast cancer.

After disease progression on endocrine therapy (ET) plus a CDK4/6 inhibitor, there is no standardized sequence for subsequent treatment lines for estrogen receptor positive (ER+) metastatic breast cancer (MBC). CDK4/6i retrial as a treatment strategy is commonplace in modern clinical practice; however, the available prospective data investigating this strategy have had inconclusive results. To frame this data in a real-world context, we performed a retrospective analysis assessing the efficacy of CDK4/6is in 195 patients who had previous exposure to CDK4/6i in a prior treatment line at our institution.

Naringenin inhibits the microsomal triglyceridetransfer protein/apolipoprotein B axis to inhibit intestinal metaplasia progression.

Intestinal metaplasia (IM) is a premalignant condition that increases the risk for subsequent gastric cancer (GC). Traditional Chinese medicine generally plays a role in the treatment of IM, and the phytochemical naringenin used in Chinese herbal medicine has shown therapeutic potential for the treatment of gastric diseases. However, naringenin's specific effect on IM is not yet clearly understood.

Predictors of Response to CDK4/6i Retrial After Prior CDK4/6i Failure in ER+ Metastatic Breast Cancer.

After disease progression on endocrine therapy (ET) plus a CDK4/6 inhibitor, there is no standardized sequence for subsequent treatment lines for estrogen receptor positive (ER+) metastatic breast cancer (MBC). CDK4/6i retrial as a treatment strategy is commonplace in modern clinical practice; however, the available prospective data investigating this strategy have had inconclusive results. To frame this data in a real-world context, we performed a retrospective analysis assessing the efficacy of CDK4/6is in 195 patients who had previous exposure to CDK4/6i in a prior treatment line at our institution.

Tumor Suppressor MicroRNAs in Clinical and Preclinical Trials for Neurological Disorders.

Cancers and neurological disorders are two major types of diseases in humans. We developed the concept called the "Aberrant Cell Cycle Disease (ACCD)" due to the accumulating evidence that shows that two different diseases share the common mechanism of aberrant cell cycle re-entry. The aberrant cell cycle re-entry is manifested as kinase/oncoprotein activation and tumor suppressor (TS) inactivation, which are associated with both tumor growth in cancers and neuronal death in neurological disorders.

Alternative splicing patterns of hnrnp genes in gill tissues of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) during salinity changes.

Alternative splicing (AS) plays an important role in various physiological processes in eukaryotes, such as the stress response. However, patterns of AS events remain largely unexplored during salinity acclimation in fishes. In this study, we conducted AS analysis using RNA-seq datasets to explore splicing patterns in the gill tissues of rainbow trout exposed to altered salinity environments, ranging from 0 ‰ (T0) to 30 ‰ (T30).

H state estimation of continuous-time neural networks with uncertainties.

[Formula: see text] state estimation is addressed for continuous-time neural networks in the paper. The norm-bounded uncertainties are considered in communication neural networks. For the considered neural networks with uncertainties, a reduced-order [Formula: see text] state estimator is designed, which makes that the error dynamics is exponentially stable and has weighted [Formula: see text] performance index by Lyapunov function method.

Rapid and effective removal of copper, nitrate and trichloromethane from aqueous media by aluminium alloys.

Zero-valent iron (ZVI) has been extensively studied for its efficacy in removing heavy metals, nitrate, and chlorinated organic compounds from contaminated water. However, its limited effectiveness due to rapid passivation and poor selectivity is prompting for alternative solutions, such as the use of aluminium alloys. In this study, the efficacy of five distinct aluminium alloys, namely Al-Mg, Al-Fe, Al-Cu, and Al-Ni, each comprising 50 % Al by mass at a concentration of 10 g/L, was assessed using copper, nitrate and trichloromethane (TCM) as model contaminants.

Brief Report: Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors for Lung Cancers That Inhibit MATE-1 Can Lead to "False" Decreases in Renal Function.

Introduction: Select tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) used to treat oncogene-driven lung cancers also inhibit MATE-1. When MATE-1 is blocked, creatinine is retained in the serum. Elevated creatinine levels raise the specter of drug-induced intrarenal insufficiency despite the lack of true renal injury.

Sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors for hypergycemia in phosphoinositide 3-kinase pathway inhibition.

Purpose: Phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) inhibition is used for the treatment of certain cancers, but can cause profound hyperglycemia and insulin resistance, for which sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 (SGLT2) inhibitors have been proposed as a preferred therapy. The objective of this research is to assess the effectiveness and safety of SGLT2 inhibitors for hyperglycemia in PI3K inhibition.

Methods: We conducted a single-center retrospective review of adults initiating the PI3K inhibitor alpelisib.

A wide diversity exists in pectin structure from thirteen apple cultivars.

To emphasize that differences in pectin structure among cultivars play a crucial role in the texture and quality of fruits and vegetables, the sugar content and methyl-esterification of pectin fractions from 13 apple cultivars was studied. Cell wall polysaccharides were isolated as alcohol-insoluble solids (AIS) and subsequently extracted to yield water-soluble solids (WSS) and chelating-soluble solids (ChSS). All fractions contained significant amounts of galacturonic acid, while sugar compositions varied between cultivars.

Comprehensive Analysis of Genes, Encoding mA Reader and Their Response to Temperature Stresses and Infection in Rainbow Trout ().

genes are important readers of -methyladenosine (mA) modifications with ability to directly affect the fates of distinct RNAs in organisms. Despite their importance, little is known about genes in teleosts until now. In the present study, a total of 10 genes have been systematically identified and functionally characterized in rainbow trout ().

N-Terminomic Changes in Neurons During Excitotoxicity Reveal Proteolytic Events Associated With Synaptic Dysfunctions and Potential Targets for Neuroprotection.

Excitotoxicity, a neuronal death process in neurological disorders such as stroke, is initiated by the overstimulation of ionotropic glutamate receptors. Although dysregulation of proteolytic signaling networks is critical for excitotoxicity, the identity of affected proteins and mechanisms by which they induce neuronal cell death remain unclear. To address this, we used quantitative N-terminomics to identify proteins modified by proteolysis in neurons undergoing excitotoxic cell death.

Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter-2 Inhibitors for Hyperglycemia in Phosphoinositide 3-kinase Pathway Inhibition.

Purpose Phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) inhibition is used for the treatment of certain cancers, but can cause profound hyperglycemia and insulin resistance, for which sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 (SGLT2) inhibitors have been proposed as a preferred therapy. The objective of this research is to assess the effectiveness and safety of SGLT2 inhibitors for hyperglycemia in PI3K inhibition. Methods We conducted a single-center retrospective review of adults initiating the PI3k inhibitor alpelisib.

Polygalacturonase treatment affects carotenoid absorption from veggie juice.

The present study was conducted to investigate the effects of polygalacturonase (PG) treatment on carotenoid absorption upon digestion of HPH-treated combined peach and carrot juice (CJ) with or without the presence of lipids. Results showed that PG treatment reduced median particle diameter (D) and viscosity of CJ, and increased total carotenoid bioaccessibility by 41%. In the presence of emulsion, the bioaccessibility of carotenoids was higher and it was not significantly affected by PG treatment.

Central Nervous System Disease in Patients With RET Fusion-Positive NSCLC Treated With Selpercatinib.

Introduction: Central nervous system (CNS) metastases develop in nearly half of patients with RET fusion-positive NSCLCs and cause morbidity and mortality. The selective RET inhibitor selpercatinib treats existing intracranial disease, but no studies have investigated whether early initiation of selpercatinib is associated with decreased development of CNS metastases.

Methods: A total of 61 patients with RET fusion-positive advanced NSCLC with and without CNS metastases treated with selpercatinib on the LIBRETTO-001 trial (NCT03157128) or the LIBRETTO-201 expanded access program (NCT03906331) were identified.

FDA-Approved Kinase Inhibitors in Preclinical and Clinical Trials for Neurological Disorders.

Cancers and neurological disorders are two major types of diseases. We previously developed a new concept termed "Aberrant Cell Cycle Diseases" (ACCD), revealing that these two diseases share a common mechanism of aberrant cell cycle re-entry. The aberrant cell cycle re-entry is manifested as kinase/oncogene activation and tumor suppressor inactivation, which are hallmarks of tumor growth in cancers and neuronal death in neurological disorders.

Dynamic transcriptome and LC-MS/MS analysis revealed the important roles of taurine and glutamine metabolism in response to environmental salinity changes in gills of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss).

Recently, the frequent salinity fluctuation has become a growing threat to fishes. However, the dynamic patterns of gene expression in response to salinity changes remain largely unexplored. In the present study, 18 RNA-Seq datasets were generated from gills of rainbow trout at different salinities, including 0 ‰, 6 ‰, 12 ‰, 18 ‰, 24 ‰ and 30 ‰.

Brief Report: Chylothorax and Chylous Ascites During RET Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor Therapy.

Introduction: Spontaneous chylous effusions are rare; however, they have been observed by independent investigators in patients treated with RET tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs).

Methods: This multicenter, retrospective study evaluated the frequency of chylous effusions in patients treated with RET TKIs. Clinicopathologic features and management of patients with chylous effusions were evaluated.

Identification and Characterization of the Biosynthetic Pathway of the Sulfonolipid Capnine.

Capnine (2-amino-3-hydroxy-15-methylhexadecane-1-sulfonate) and capnoids (-fatty acylated capnine derivatives) are sulfonolipids present in the outer membrane of gliding bacteria in the phylum Bacteroidetes and play a role in their unique gliding motility. They are structurally similar to sphingolipids and are thought to be biosynthesized via a similar pathway. Here we report the identification and biochemical characterization of the capnine biosynthetic enzymes cysteate synthase (CapA) and cysteate-C-fatty acyltransferase (CapB) from the pathogenic gliding bacterium and NAD(P)H-dependent dehydrocapnine reductase CapC from the avian pathogen .