Treatment guidelines for temporomandibular joint ankylosis with secondary dentofacial deformities in adults.

Temporomandibular joint (TMJ) ankylosis with secondary dentofacial deformities in adult patients is a severely disfiguring condition and surgical treatment of this disease remains a great clinical challenge. Treatment goals are to restore the joint function, to improve facial appearances and to correct malocclusion, as well as to re-establishing harmony among them. Currently, various surgical techniques, such as arthroplasty with or without interpositional material, orthognathic surgery, distraction osteogenesis, autologous bone or bone replacement materials graft and plastic surgery, have been described in the literature.

How to achieve a balanced and delicate lower third of the face in Orientals by mandibular contouring.

Introduction: For East Asians, correction of square jaw has become one of the commonly performed procedures in aesthetic surgery. While reviewing unsatisfactory cases of mandibular reduction, the authors discovered that failure was largely due to surgeons generally focussing too much on treatment of the posterior part of the mandible, and ignoring the aesthetic significance of the harmonious and smooth overall curve from the anterior mandible to the inferior margin of the mandible. Thus, our group proposes that a coordinated, balanced and smooth jaw line is considered a key factor in Oriental mandibular contouring.

Correction of midface hypoplasia using a novel trapezoidal osteotomy.

Background: Currently, investigating an optimal method to deal with midface hypoplasia has become a significant issue in the field of facial aesthetic surgery. Traditional ways to address this problem primarily include segmental osteotomies and using autogenous bone or cartilage grafts or synthetic implants. For the patients with paranasal hypoplasia but without malocclusion, autogenous bone grafts or implants are recommended.

Total or partial inferior border ostectomy for mandibular contouring: indications and outcomes.

Among the East Asian population, a long or square face produces a characteristic coarse and masculine appearance and is therefore considered undesirable and unattractive. Because of this many Orientals seek to achieve a harmonious contour of their face by undergoing various cosmetic surgical procedures. Mandibular contouring for a long or asymmetrical face with/without square jaw is rarely reported in the literature and the objective of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of total or partial inferior border ostectomy for mandibular contouring and to discuss its indications.

Surgical designs and techniques for mandibular contouring based on categorisation of square face with low gonial angle in orientals.

Introduction: In East Asian population, a square face is considered unappealing as it imparts a coarse and masculine look. Therefore, Oriental women prefer to have an ovoid and slender facial contour, which is thought to be more feminine and attractive. Nowadays, mandibular contouring surgery has become a commonly performed procedure.

[Narrowing and sliding genioplasty procedure combined with mandibular outer cortex ostectomy technique to correct square jaw in short face].

Objective: To evaluate the the feasibility and effectiveness of narrowing and sliding genioplasty combined with mandibular outer cortex ostectomy technique to reshape a square jaw in short face.

Methods: From July 2005 to October 2009, a total of 57 patients received narrowing and sliding genioplasty combined with mandibular outer cortex ostectomy procedure to correct square jaw in short face. All the patients had standard frontal and lateral cephalometric radiographs, panoramic radiographs, and were photographed preoperatively and postoperatively to assess their face contour.

Contouring of a square jaw on a short face by narrowing and sliding genioplasty combined with mandibular outer cortex ostectomy in orientals.

Background: A square face is considered unattractive in Orientals; thus, it has become a frequently encountered reason for patients undergoing face contouring surgery. While reviewing the unsatisfactory cases of mandibular reduction, the authors discovered that some failed cases were related to a square jaw on a short face. The conventional procedures fix only the posterior region of the mandible, resulting in increased prominence of the stunted or square chin and short face.

Correction of zygoma and zygomatic arch protrusion in East Asian individuals.

Objective: Prominent zygoma is commonly seen in the East Asian population with the clinical characteristics of anteriorly and/or laterally projected zygoma and zygomatic arch resulting in an increased midfacial width. The esthetic surgical modification of zygoma is one of the major aspects of facial-contouring surgery in certain parts of the world. This article aims to evaluate the effectiveness of various surgical methods for reducing the prominent zygoma so as to obtain a harmonious and natural facial contour.

[Correction of low angel-square jaw with mandibular "V-Line" ostectomy combined with mandibular outer cortex ostectomy].

Objective: To evaluate the feasibility of mandibular "V-Line" osteotomy combined with mandibular outer cortex osteotomy for correction of low angle-square jaw.

Methods: From Jul. 2005 to Nov.

The effect of hydrofluoric acid treatment on titanium implant osseointegration in ovariectomized rats.

This study aimed to investigate the effects of hydrofluoric acid (HF) treatment of grit-blasted Ti implants on osseointegration in ovariectomized (OVX) rats. After blasting with aluminium oxide particles, half implants were treated with 0.2 vol.

Matrix metalloproteinase and its inhibitor in temporomandibular joint osteoarthrosis after indirect trauma in young goats.

Our aim was to examine the change in expression of matrix metalloproteinases (MMP-13), matrix metalloproteinases-3 (MMP-3), and tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinase-1 (TIMP-1) in the articular cartilage of goats with experimentally-induced osteoarthrosis of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) at various times. Osteoarthrosis was induced in 20 goats in the bilateral TMJ and 5 goats acted as controls. There were 5 goats in each group, and a group was killed at 7 days, and 1, 3, and 6 months postoperatively.

[Influence of thermochemotherapy on the activity of cytotoxic T lymphocyte in oral maxillofacial cancer patients].

Objective: To study the influence of thermochemotherapy on the activity of cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) in peripheral blood of patients with oral maxillofacial cancer.

Methods: Twenty-one subjects with oral maxillofacial cancer were treated by thermochemotherapy, and the activity of CTL in peripheral blood was analyzed.

Results: Thermochemotherapy can obviously enhance the activity of CTL (P<0.

[Induction of drug resistance in Tca8113 cell line by exposing to chemotherapy drug].

Objective: To study the drug resistance changes in Tca8113 cell lines by exposing to carboplatin.

Methods: The concentration of carboplatin added to Tca8113 cells was increased gradually and continually, which was to induce the carhoplatin-resistance in Tca8113 cells. The sensibility to drugs of the cells was analyzed by MTT method.

[Expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase in cartilage in progression of temporomandibular joint osteoarthritis].

Objective: To study the expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) in cartilage of temporomandibular joint osteoarthriti (TMJOA), and to evaluate the role of iNOS in the progression of TMJOA.

Methods: The goats were used and TMJOA was induced by injection of collagenase in upper joint space. The joints were obtained and were investigated by using immunohistochemistry at 2, 4, 12, 24 weeks after injection.

Changes in the temporomandibular joint after mandibular setback surgery in monkeys: intraoral vertical versus sagittal split ramus osteotomy.

Objective: This study was to investigate the changes in condylar position and structure of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) after mandibular setback using 2 forms of the ramus osteotomy.

Study Design: Twelve adult male rhesus monkeys were randomly divided into groups A (n = 6) and B (n = 6) for mandibular setback surgical procedure. An intraoral vertical ramus osteotomy (IVRO) was performed in group A, whereas a sagittal split ramus osteotomy (SSRO) was performed in group B.

[Study of reconstruction of mandibular condyle by transport distraction osteogenesis in monkeys].

Objective: To evaluate the applicability and effectiveness of reconstruction of mandibular condyle by transport distraction osteogenesis in an animal model of rhesus monkeys.

Methods: Six adult rhesus monkeys were used in this study. Bilateral condyles and articular discs were extirpated, and the technique of transport distraction osteogenesis was performed to reconstruct the condyle.

[Effect of hyperthermia on multidrug resistance of tongue squamous cell carcinoma cell line (Tca8113) and its multidrug resistance cell line Tca8113/CBDEA].

Objective: To study the effect of hyperthermia on expressions of multidrug resistance (MDR) genes in tongue squamous cell carcinoma cell line Tca8113 and its MDR cell line Tca8113/CBDEA and intracellular ADM concentration.

Methods: Cell lines were hyperthermia-treated (42 degrees C for 0.5 h), 4 h and 24 h later real-time quantitative reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) detected expressions of MDR relative genes (MDR1, MRPI, GST-pi) and HTS 7000 Plus Bio Assay Reader measured intracellular ADM concentration.

The role of bone morphogenetic protein-2 in vivo in regeneration of peripheral nerves.

We investigated the effects of bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2) and some other BMPs on regeneration of peripheral motor nerves in vivo. The facial nerves of 24 New Zealand rabbits were crushed to examine a series of retrograde changes in the facial nuclei and axons, in what has been called the "axon reaction". The facial nerves of the experimental group were treated with epineurial coaptation and BMP-2 after the injury.

[Influence of the expression of heat shock protein 70 in maxillofacial squamous cell carcinoma by thermochemotherapy].

Objective: To study the influence of thermochemotheraphy on the expression of HSP70 in maxillofacial squamous cell carcinoma.

Methods: 12 patients were treated with thermochemotheraphy twice a week, altogether 10 times. After 8 mg of Pingyangmycin infused, the patients were treated with microwave hyperthermia at 43 degrees C for 40 min.

[Effects of dexamethasone and vitamin B12 on EGF, TGFalpha, and TGFbeta1 gene expressions of A/J mouse palatal cells in vitro].

Objective: To investigate the molecular mechanism of congenital cleft palate induced by Dexamethasone (DEX) and the counteractive effect of Vitamin B12.

Methods: The RT-PCR was used to detect the independent and joint effects of DEX and Vitamin B12 on the gene expressions of A/J embryonic mouse palatal cells.

Results: DEX stimulated the gene expressions of EGF and TGFbeta1, while the expression of TGFalpha left unchanged in the palatal cells.

[Experimental study on the microcosmic changes of compressed premaxillary suture with laser scanning confocal microscopy].

Objective: The aim of this experiment is to know whether active orthopedic appliance is rationale to do presurgical treatment and seek some regularities.

Methods: Laser scanning confocal microscopy and triple fluorochrome labeling in bone were used to observe and study detailed changes occurred in compressed suture systematically.

Results: Widened suture and broken fibres between the adjoining bones was observed at the 3rd week postoperatively.

[Effect of orthopedic premaxillary retrution on craniofacial development in animal model].

Objective: To observe the whole process of cranio-maxillofacial development of an animal model with bilateral premaxillary clefts, after being exerted with premaxillary retro-pressing forces.

Methods: Experimental rabbits with premaxillary clefts and without clefts were exerted with retro-pressing forces respectively. Roentgenographic cephalometric analysis and different investigations of premaxillary suture were performed during the whole craniofacial development.

[Effect of anti-human VEGF monoclonal antibody on VEGF level in serum of nude mice transplanted buccal carcinoma: a quantitative study].

Objective: Quantitative study of the effect of anti-human VEGF mAb E11 to VEGF level in serum of nude mice transplanted buccal carcinoma.

Methods: E11 was administered into BALB/c nu/nu mice which were transplanted human buccal carcinoma. The saline was administrated as negative control.