The Great Controversy of Obstructive Sleep Apnea Treatment for Cardiovascular Risk Benefit: Advancing the Science Through Expert Consensus. An Official American Thoracic Society Workshop Report.

The prevalence of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is on the rise, driven by various factors including more sensitive diagnostic criteria, increased awareness, enhanced technology through at-home testing enabling easy and cost-effective diagnosis, and a growing incidence of comorbid conditions such as obesity. Treating symptomatic patients with OSA syndrome to enhance quality of life remains a cornerstone approach. However, there is a lack of consensus regarding treatment to improve cardiovascular disease (CVD) outcomes, particularly in light of overall negative results from several randomized controlled trials (RCT) indicating no benefit of positive airway pressure (PAP) therapy on primary and secondary CVD events.

Neighborhood social vulnerability as a mediator of racial disparities in insomnia severity.

Study Objectives: Recent data has indicated that Black Americans experience more severe insomnia compared to their White counterparts. Although previous studies have identified psychosocial mechanisms driving this disparity, little is known about the structural determinants of insomnia disparities. This study tested neighborhood social vulnerability as a mechanism driving Black-White disparities in insomnia severity in the United States.

The Need for Social and Environmental Determinants of Health Research to Understand and Intervene on Racial/Ethnic Disparities in Obstructive Sleep Apnea.

Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), a sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) disorder, affects at least 25 million adults in the United States and is associated with increased risk for hypertension, diabetes, and cardiovascular disease (CVD). Racial/ethnic minorities have a disproportionate burden of OSA along with the health sequelae associated with this condition. Despite supporting evidence of racial/ethnic disparities, few studies have investigated SDB including OSA among minoritized racial/ethnic groups.

Diversity, equity, and inclusion: Findings from the Sleep Research Society.

Objectives: To characterize representation and inclusion among Sleep Research Society members and examine associations between sociodemographic features and Sleep Research Society experiences.

Methods: The Sleep Research Society Taskforce for Diversity and Inclusion developed a web-based questionnaire in 2021, assessing membership data and Sleep Research Society experiences (self-initiated and society-initiated participation, feeling very welcomed, perceptions of inclusiveness, and diversity of viewpoints represented). Frequencies were calculated and adjusted Poisson regression models with robust variance were fit to estimate associations.

Associations of Everyday Discrimination With Insomnia and Short Sleep Duration Among Older Women.

Background: Discrimination may contribute to sleep health disparities among women, yet limited research has investigated the association between discrimination and insomnia with short sleep.

Methods And Results: Among a racially and ethnically diverse sample of women (N=25 920; mean age, 72.2±6.

Sleep as a contributor to socioeconomic disparities in hypertension: The Midlife in the United States (MIDUS II) Study.

Study Objectives: Hypertension is highly prevalent and is a major risk factor for cardiovascular disease. There is a higher burden of hypertension among individuals of lower socioeconomic status (SES), yet the role of sleep in understanding socioeconomic disparities in hypertension is unclear. We investigated whether sleep quality is a partial mediator of the association between SES and hypertension.

Financial Hardship and Sleep Quality Among Black American Women With and Without Systemic Lupus Erythematosus.

Objective: To compare dimensions of financial hardship and self-reported sleep quality among Black women with versus without systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE).

Methods: Participants were 402 Black women (50% with validated diagnosis of SLE) living in Georgia between 2017 and 2020. Black women with SLE were recruited from a population-based cohort established in Atlanta, and Black women without SLE were recruited to be of comparable age and from the same geographic areas as SLE women.

Sleep health inequities in vulnerable populations: Beyond sleep deserts.

Despite the importance of sleep to overall health and well-being, there is a high prevalence of undiagnosed sleep disorders and adverse sleep health, particularly among vulnerable populations. Such vulnerable populations include people experiencing homelessness (PEH), refugees, and incarcerated individuals. In this narrative review, we provide an overview of the literature on sleep health and disorders among key and vulnerable populations (e.

Restless legs syndrome, periodic limb movements of sleep, and subclinical cardiovascular disease.

Unlabelled: Restless legs syndrome (RLS) and periodic limb movements of sleep (PLMS) have been variably implicated in risk for cardiovascular disease (CVD), but there is lack of consensus on these relationships. We sought to assess subclinical CVD measures and RLS/PLMS in a large cohort to further evaluate these associations. The Emory Center for Health Discovery and Well Being cohort is composed of employed adults, with subclinical CVD measures including endothelial function (flow-mediated vasodilation), microvascular function (reactive hyperemia index, RHI), arterial stiffness (pulse wave velocity and augmentation index), and carotid intima-media thickness (cIMT).

An Update on Sleep Duration, Obesity, and Mortality Risk in Women.

Sleep health is an essential component to overall health. Because of numerous societal, economic, and biological factors, obtaining adequate sleep poses a unique challenge to aging women. Yet, women have been traditionally understudied in sleep research.

Sleep Apnea and Incident Stroke in a National Cohort of Black and White Adults.

Background And Objectives: Racial/ethnic differences have been documented in the relationship between obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and stroke incidence, yet racial differences in OSA symptoms or treatment and their relationship with stroke incidence are underexplored and may contribute to stroke disparities. We comprehensively examined OSA symptoms and their relationships to stroke incidence by race/ethnicity.

Methods: Data were collected from the REasons for Geographic and Racial Differences in Stroke (REGARDS) study, a population-based cohort of Black and White individuals in the United States.

The association between Superwoman schema and subjective sleep quality among Black women.

Objectives: Similar to women overall, Black women are socialized to be communal and "self-sacrificing," but unlike women from other racial/ethnic backgrounds, Black women are also socialized to be "strong" and "invulnerable." This phenomenon is labeled Superwoman schema. This study examined associations between Superwoman schema endorsement and subjective sleep quality.

Gendered Racial Microaggressions and Black Women's Sleep Health.

Gendered racial microaggressions reflect historical and contemporary gendered racism that Black women encounter. Although gendered racial microaggressions are related to psychological outcomes, it is unclear if such experiences are related to sleep health. Moreover, the health effects of gendered racial microaggressions dimensions are rarely investigated.

Eyes Wide Open: Sleep as a Potential Contributor to Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Cancer.

U.S. racial and ethnic minoritized groups face disproportionate cancer burdens compared to White Americans.

Neighborhood and Household Environment as Contributors to Racial Disparities in Sleep Duration among U.S. Adolescents.

Objective: Racial disparities in adolescent sleep duration have been documented, but pathways driving these disparities are not well understood. This study examined whether neighborhood and household environments explained racial disparities in adolescent sleep duration.

Methods: Participants came from Waves I and II of Add Health (n=13,019).

The Association of Sleep Duration with Grade Point Averages and Absences Among 9 Graders in Georgia, USA.

This study aimed to examine the association between sleep measures (self-reported sleep duration and weekend catch-up sleep) and grade point average (GPA) and absences among 9 grade students from two racially and economically diverse high schools in a semi-rural county of north-central Georgia. Linear and Poisson regression models estimated the association between sleep measures and GPA and absences (separately), respectively. Analyses adjusted for gender, race/ethnicity, free/reduced-price school lunch status, and parental education.

Racial/ethnic and sex differences in the association between light at night and actigraphy-measured sleep duration in adults: NHANES 2011-2014.

Objective: Historically minoritized individuals experience greater exposure to light at night, yet it is unclear whether the association between light at night and sleep duration vary by race/ethnicity or sex. We examined the association between light at night and sleep duration by race/ethnicity and sex.

Methods: Participants (N = 6089, mean age=49.