Adhesive Cementation of CAD/CAM Silica-based Ceramics: Effect of Adhesive Type and Long-term Aging on the Bond Strength to Composite Cement.

Purpose: To investigate the effect of adhesive type and long-term aging on the shear bond strength (SBS) between silica-based ceramics and composite cement (CC).

Materials And Methods: Lithium-silicate (LS), feldspathic (FD) and polymer-infiltrated ceramic (PIC) blocks were sectioned (10 x 12 x 2 mm) and divided into 24 groups considering the factors: "ceramics" (LS, FD, and PIC), "adhesive" (Ctrl: without adhesive; 2SC: 2-step conventional; 3SC: 3-step conventional; 1SU: 1-step universal), and "aging" (non-aged or aged [A]). After the surface treatments, CC cylinders (n = 15, Ø = 2 mm; height = 2 mm) were made and half of the samples were subjected to thermocycling (10,000) and stored in water at 37°C for 18 months.

Recycling CAD/CAM Lithium Disilicate Ceramic: Effect of Surface Treatment and Aging on the Bond Strength to Resin Cement.

Purpose: To investigate the effects of recycling lithium disilicate (LD), surface treatment, and thermocycling on the bond strength to resin cement.

Materials And Methods: A total of 72 tablets (10 × 10 × 3 mm) of LD were made according to the recycling cycle with 24 tablets for each strategy: control (conventional sintering), 1R (1 recycling cycle), and 3R (3 recycling cycles). For the recycling groups, tablets were waxed, mounted in a silicone ring, and poured with investment material, and residues of sintered LD tablets were pressed by the lost wax technique.

Clinical performance of monolithic polymer-infiltrated ceramic and lithium disilicate posterior crowns: A controlled, randomized, and double-blind clinical trial.

Statement Of Problem: The success rate of monolithic polymer-infiltrated ceramic posterior crowns after 1 year is unclear.

Purpose: The purpose of this controlled, randomized, and double-blind clinical trial was to evaluate the performance of posterior complete crowns in polymer-infiltrated and lithium disilicate ceramics and to assess the impact of oral rehabilitation on esthetic satisfaction, quality of life, and periodontal health.

Material And Methods: A total of 33 crowns were provided in 18 participants allocated to 2 groups: Control (Lithium disilicate-IPS e.

Biaxial flexure strength and physicochemical characterization of a CAD/CAM lithium disilicate ceramic: effect of etching time, silane, and adhesive applications.

Objective: To evaluate the effect of different acid etching time and bonding agent (silane and/or adhesive system) on biaxial flexural strength and physico-chemical properties of a lithium disilicate ceramic.

Material And Methods: One hundred twenty ceramic discs were made and divided into 8 groups (n = 15) according to factors "etching time" (20 and 120 s) with hydrofluoric acid (HF) and "bonding agent" (C, no bonding agent; S, silane, A, adhesive; and SA, silane + adhesive). After surface treatment, a resin cement layer was applied to the surface and all specimens were subjected to biaxial flexural strength (BFS) test with treated surfaces loaded in tension (1 mm/min).

Effect of Adhesive Resin Application on the Durability of Adhesion to CAD/CAM Glass-Ceramics after either Hydrofluoric Acid Etching or Self-etch Primer Application.

Purpose: To evaluate the effect of two surface conditioning methods, namely conventional hydrofluoric acid vs self-etching primer, and the application of adhesive on the bond strength of resin cement to CAD/CAM glass-ceramics.

Materials And Methods: Blocks (N = 96) (12 x 10 x 2.5 mm) were manufactured, 24 for each tested ceramic type: lithium silicate ceramic (LS), polymer-infiltrated ceramic (PIC), leucite-reinforced feldspathic ceramic (FD), and lithium-disilicate glass-ceramic (LD).

Effect of different surface treatments on the micro tensile bond strength to dentin, biaxial flexural strength and roughness of CAD/CAM resin composite and polymer infiltrated ceramic.

Objectives: To evaluate the biaxial flexural strength (BFS), surface roughness (Ra) and micro tensile bond strength (μTBS) of two CAD/CAM materials after different surface treatments.

Materials And Methods: For μTBS, 64 human molars were used and 32 blocks of resin composite (RC-Lava Ultimate) and polymer-infiltrated ceramic (PIC -Vita Enamic). The blocks and teeth were distributed into 16 groups according to the factors "surface treatment" (HF: 10% hydrofluoric acid; APA: AlO sandblasting; SC: silicate-AlO sandblasting; MEP: Monobond Etch and Prime) and "thermal cycling" (TC).

Which surface treatment promotes higher bond strength for the repair of resin nanoceramics and polymer-infiltrated ceramics? A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Statement Of Problem: Which surface treatment provides the optimal bond strength (BS) for the repair of resin nanoceramics (RNCs) and polymer-infiltrated ceramics (PICs) is unclear.

Purpose: The purpose of this systematic review and meta-analysis of in vitro studies was to determine the best surface treatment protocols for the repair of PICs and RNCs.

Material And Methods: The PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science electronic databases were searched to select in vitro studies in English up to March 2020.

Effect of different surface treatments and multimode adhesive application on the Weibull characteristics, wettability, surface topography and adhesion to CAD/CAM lithium disilicate ceramic.

Methodology: This paper aims to evaluate the effect of different surface treatments on surface topography, wettability, and shear bond strength of resin cement to glass ceramic. For SBS test, 32 blocks (7x7x2 mm) of lithium disilicate were obtained and randomly divided into eight groups (four blocks per group) according to each surface treatment (HF 20 s, 60 s, 120 s + silanization/S or Scotch Bond Universal/ SBU) and the Monobond Etch & Prime - MEP application followed or not by SBU. On each treated surface ceramic block, up to four dual-curing resin cement cylinders were prepared and light-cured for 40s (N=120/n=15).

Repair Bond Strength of a CAD/CAM Nanoceramic Resin and Direct Composite Resin: Effect of Aging and Surface Conditioning Methods.

Purpose: To evaluate the effect of surface conditioning methods and aging on the repair bond strength between resin composite and nanoceramic CAD/CAM resin.

Materials And Methods: Twenty-four blocks of nanoceramic CAD/CAM resin (NCR) (Lava Ultimate, 3M Oral Care) (10 x 5 x 2 mm3) and resin composite (Filtek Z350, 3M Oral Care) (RC) were made, embedded in acrylic resin, polished (#600, #800, #1200) and randomly divided into 8 groups (n = 12 each) according to surface conditioning methods (air abrasion with 30-μm CoJet [CJ] or air abrasion with 50-μm Al2O3 [AB]) and aging prior to repair (without aging, 24 h in water at 37°C; with aging 6 months in water at 37°C). The blocks were air abraded (20 s, 2.

Effect of Air-Particle-Abrasion Protocols on Surface Roughness and Early Biofilm Formation of Zirconia.

Purpose: The air-particle-abrasion on zirconia in the gingival area of connectors and pontics in fixed partial dentures appears to increase fracture resistance. This study evaluated 'in situ' biofilm formation on the zirconia surface after different air-particle-abrasion protocols.

Materials And Methods: Ninety sintered blocks (5 × 5 × 2 mm) of yttrium partially stabilised zirconia (Y-TZP) were obtained and randomised among nine groups according to the factors 'type of particle' (Alumina 50 and 110 µm; Cojet and Rocatec) and 'pressure' (2.

Hydrofluoric acid concentration, time and use of phosphoric acid on the bond strength of feldspathic ceramics.

The objective of this study was to evaluate the influence of hydrofluoric acid (HF) concentration, etching time, and application of phosphoric acid (PA) followed by neutralization with sodium bicarbonate on the bond strength between a feldspar ceramic and resin cement. Thus, 80 blocks (10 x 12 x 2 mm) of glass ceramic (VM - Vita Mark II - Vita Zahnfabrik) were made and randomly assigned to eight groups (n = 10) according to the factors: HF concentration (5 and 10%), etching time (60 and 120 s), and use of phosphoric acid (PA) (with and without). According to the experimental group, 37% PA (Condac, FGM) was applied after HF etching for 60s.

Effect of finishing/polishing techniques and low temperature degradation on the surface topography, phase transformation and flexural strength of ultra-translucent ZrO ceramic.

Objective: To investigate the effect of different surface finishing and polishing regimes and low temperature degradation on flexural strength, phase transformation and surface topography of ultra-translucent ZrO ceramic.

Methods: 300 (n=15/group) of conventional zirconia (Z: Ice Zirkon Transluzent) and ultra-translucent zirconia (UT: Prettau Anterior) bar-specimens were made and divided according to the "Finishing/Polishing" - (C - Control, B - diamond rubber polishers, P - adjusting with burs, PB - adjusting with burs+diamond polishers, PG - adjusting with burs+glaze), "Low temperature Degradation (LTD)" (with or without a treatment at 127°C, 1.7bar/24h).

Effect of hydrofluoric acid concentration and etching time on resin-bond strength to different glass ceramics.

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of the hydrofluoridric acid (HF) concentration and time of acid conditioning on bond strength of three glass ceramics to a resin cement. Thus, fifty blocks (10 mm x 5 mm x 2 mm) of each ceramic (LDCAD: IPS e.max CAD; LCAD: IPS Empress CAD and LDHP: IPS e.

Effect of primer-cement systems with different functional phosphate monomers on the adhesion of zirconia to dentin.

Purpose: The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of primer-cement systems with different functional phosphate monomers on the adhesion of zirconia to dentin with and without aging protocols.

Materials And Methods: Bovine teeth (N = 180) were embedded in acrylic resin after sectioning their roots with with their coronal parts exposed. The buccal surface of each tooth was polished with silicon carbide papers (#200, 400, 600) until dentin exposure.

Can the Application of Multi-Mode Adhesive be a Substitute to Silicatized/Silanized Y-TZP Ceramics?

This study evaluated the effectiveness of a multi-mode adhesive (SBU-Scotch Bond Universal/3M) as a substitute for silica coating and silane application on the bonding of zirconia ceramics to resin cement. One-hundred and twenty sintered zirconia ceramic blocks (5 x 5 x 5 mm) were obtained, finished by grounding with silicon carbide paper (#600, #800, #1000 and #1200) and randomly divided into 12 groups (n=10) in accordance with the factors "surface treatment" (ScSi - silicatization + silanization; ScSBU - silicatization + SBU; SBU - SBU without photoactivation and SBUp - SBU photoactivated) and "ceramic" (Lava / 3M ESPE, Ceramill Zirconia / Amann Girrbach and Zirkonzahn / Zirkonzahn). Dual resin cement cylinders (RelyX Ultimate/3M ESPE) were subsequently produced in the center of each block using a silicon matrix (Ø=2 mm, h=5 mm) and photoactivated for 40 s (1200 mW/cm2).