Exploring uncharted territory: A case report on de la Chapelle syndrome presenting as male subfertility.

Introduction: De la Chapelle Syndrome, also known as 46 XX disorders, is a genetic condition that affects sexual development and presents challenges, in physical, hormonal, and genetic aspects.

Case Presentation: This case study explores a 42-year man with de la Chapelle Syndrome who experienced primary subfertility for eight years. The patient demonstrated delayed development of secondary sexual characteristics, shrinking testes and sparse hair distribution.

Culture, diversity and inclusion: a survey of British Hip Society members.

Aim: To explore the perceptions and experiences of members of the British Hip Society (BHS) as they relate to culture, diversity and inclusion in the professional sphere.

Method: BHS members participated in an anonymised online survey in 2021. Quantitative and qualitative data were collected on demographics, professional experiences and perceptions of workplace culture.

Synthesis of an eco-inspired anticorrosive composite for mild steel applications.

We synthesised a polyaniline/mica (Mica-PANI) nanocomposite using naturally occurring muscovite mica by a top-down approach. The developed coating materials were characterised using a different technique to investigate their chemical and structural properties using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). Furthermore, the electrochemical properties of the coating materials were investigated by linear sweep voltammetry (LSV).

Early life stress impairs synaptic pruning in the developing hippocampus.

Early life adversity impairs normal hippocampal function and connectivity in various mammalian species, including humans and rodents. According to the 'cumulative model' the number of early adversities can be summed up to determine the risk for developing psychopathology later in life. In contrast, the 'dimensional model' argues that 'Deprivation' and 'Threat' impact different developmental processes that should not be added in determining clinical outcomes.

Insights into nanomycoremediation: Secretomics and mycogenic biopolymer nanocomposites for heavy metal detoxification.

Our environment thrives on the subtle balance achieved by the forever cyclical nature of building and rebuilding life through natural processes. Fungi, being the evident armor of bioremediation, is the indispensable element of the soil food web, contribute to be the nature's most dynamic arsenal with non-specific enzymes like peroxidase (POX), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), non-enzymatic compounds like thiol (-SH) groups and non-protein compounds such as glutathione (GSH) and metallothionein (MT). Recently, the area of nanomycoremediation has been gaining momentum as a powerful tool for environmental clean-up strategies with its ability to detoxify heavy metals with its unique characteristics to adapt mechanisms such as biosorption, bioconversion, and biodegradation to harmless end products.

A comparative review of 1,004 orthopaedic trauma patients before and during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Aims: COVID-19 necessitated abrupt changes in trauma service delivery. We compare the demographics and outcomes of patients treated during lockdown to a matched period from 2019. Findings have important implications for service development.

A comparative study looking at trauma and orthopaedic operating efficiency in the COVID-19 era.

Backgroud: COVID-19 has led to a reduction in operating efficiency. We aim to identify these inefficiencies and possible solutions as we begin to pursue a move to planned surgical care.

Methods: All trauma and orthopaedic emergency surgery were analysed for May 2019 and May 2020.

A selective non-operative approach to thoracic stab wounds is safe and cost effective - a South African experience.

Introduction: Penetrating thoracic trauma is common and costly. Injuries are frequently and selectively amenable to non-operative management. Our selective approach to penetrating thoracic trauma is reviewed and the effectiveness of our clinical algorithms confirmed.

Epidemiology, drug resistance, and pathophysiology of malaria.

Malaria, caused by the protozoan parasites of the genus Plasmodium, is a major health problem in many countries of the world. Five parasite species namely, Plasmodium falciparum, P. vivax, P.

Role of calcium in regulating the intra- and extracellular cleavage of von Willebrand factor by the protease ADAMTS13.

von Willebrand factor (VWF) and the metalloprotease a disintegrin and metalloprotease with thrombospondin type 1 motif 13 (ADAMTS13) are present both within endothelial cells (ECs) and in peripheral blood. Calcium concentrations are lower in intracellular compartments (80-400 μM) compared with the extracellular milieu (∼1.25 mM).

Selective non-operative management of abdominal stab wounds is a safe and cost effective strategy: A South African experience.

INTRODUCTION Selective non-operative management (SNOM) of abdominal stab wounds is well established in South Africa. SNOM reduces the morbidity associated with negative laparotomies while being safe. Despite steady advances in technology (including laparoscopy, computed tomography [CT] and point-of-care sonography), our approach has remained clinically driven.

Enhanced anti-tumor efficacy and safety profile of tumor microenvironment-responsive oncolytic adenovirus nanocomplex by systemic administration.

Unlabelled: Oncolytic adenovirus (Ad) holds great promise as a potential gene therapy for cancer. However, intravenously administered Ad may encounter difficulties due to unfavorable host responses, non-specific interactions, and the heterogeneity of the tumor cell population. As an approach to combine the advantages of oncolytic Ad and synthetic polymers and to address the associated difficulties, Ad was physically complexed with a pH-sensitive block copolymer, methoxy poly(ethylene glycol)-b-poly(l-histidine) (mPEG-b-pHis).

Platelet GpIba binding to von Willebrand Factor under fluid shear:contributions of the D′D3-domain, A1-domain flanking peptide and O-linked glycans.

Background: Von Willebrand Factor (VWF) A1-domain binding to platelet receptor GpIbα is an important fluid-shear dependent interaction that regulates both soluble VWF binding to platelets, and platelet tethering onto immobilized VWF. We evaluated the roles of different structural elements at the N-terminus of the A1-domain in regulating shear dependent platelet binding. Specifically, the focus was on the VWF D'D3-domain, A1-domain N-terminal flanking peptide (NFP), and O-glycans on this peptide.

von Willebrand factor (VWF) propeptide binding to VWF D'D3 domain attenuates platelet activation and adhesion.

Noncovalent association between the von Willebrand factor (VWF) propeptide (VWFpp) and mature VWF aids N-terminal multimerization and protein compartmentalization in storage granules. This association is currently thought to dissipate after secretion into blood. In the present study, we examined this proposition by quantifying the affinity and kinetics of VWFpp binding to mature VWF using surface plasmon resonance and by developing novel anti-VWF D'D3 mAbs.

Targeted RGD nanoparticles for highly sensitive in vivo integrin receptor imaging.

A new magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) contrast bearing RGD peptide is reported. In this study, ultrasmall superparamagnetic iron oxide (USPIO) nanoparticles with various sizes were prepared. Particles sizes between 6 and 13 nm were tuned by varying the stirring rate.

Sensitivity evaluation of rhodamine B hydrazide towards nitric oxide and its application for macrophage cells imaging.

A colorless and non-fluorescent rhodamine derivative, rhodamine B hydrazide (RH), is applied to detect nitric oxide and form fluorescent rhodamine B (RB). The reaction mechanism of RH with NO is proposed in this study. The probe shows good stability over a broad pH range (pH>4).

Lactobacillus plantarum (VR1) isolated from an ayurvedic medicine (Kutajarista) ameliorates in vitro cellular damage caused by Aeromonas veronii.

Background: Lactobacillus plantarum is considered as a safe and effective probiotic microorganism. Among various sources of isolation, traditionally fermented foods are considered to be rich in Lactobacillus spp., which can be exploited for their probiotic attribute.

Escherichia coli-derived von Willebrand factor-A2 domain fluorescence/Förster resonance energy transfer proteins that quantify ADAMTS13 activity.

The cleavage of the A2 domain of von Willebrand factor (VWF) by the metalloprotease ADAMTS13 regulates VWF size and platelet thrombosis rates. Reduction or inhibition of this enzyme activity leads to thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP). We generated a set of novel molecules called VWF-A2 FRET (fluorescence/Förster resonance energy transfer) proteins, where variants of yellow fluorescent protein (Venus) and cyan fluorescent protein (Cerulean) flank either the entire VWF-A2 domain (175 amino acids) or truncated fragments (141, 113, and 77 amino acids) of this domain.

von Willebrand factor self-association on platelet GpIbalpha under hydrodynamic shear: effect on shear-induced platelet activation.

The function of the mechanosensitive, multimeric blood protein von Willebrand factor (VWF) is dependent on its size. We tested the hypothesis that VWF may self-associate on the platelet glycoprotein Ibα (GpIbα) receptor under hydrodynamic shear. Consistent with this proposition, whereas Alexa-488-conjugated VWF (VWF-488) bound platelets at modest levels, addition of unlabeled VWF enhanced the extent of VWF-488 binding.

In vivo MR/optical imaging for gastrin releasing peptide receptor of prostate cancer tumor using Gd-TTDA-NP-BN-Cy5.5.

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has become the leading imaging tool for providing fine anatomical and physiology details. Optical imaging is offering a sensitive and specific method for in vivo molecular imaging of targeting molecules. The goal of this study is to design, synthesize, and characterize a new target-specific dual contrast agent for MR and optical imaging.

Generation, annotation, and analysis of ESTs from midgut tissue of adult female Anopheles stephensi mosquitoes.

Background: Malaria is a tropical disease caused by protozoan parasite, Plasmodium, which is transmitted to humans by various species of female anopheline mosquitoes. Anopheles stephensi is one such major malaria vector in urban parts of the Indian subcontinent. Unlike Anopheles gambiae, an African malaria vector, transcriptome of A.

Immune complexes formed following the binding of anti-platelet factor 4 (CXCL4) antibodies to CXCL4 stimulate human neutrophil activation and cell adhesion.

We tested the possibility that immune complexes formed following platelet factor 4 (PF4/CXCL4) binding to anti-PF4 antibody can stimulate neutrophil activation, similar to previous reports with platelets. Monoclonal Abs against PF4 and IgG from a heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT) patient were applied. We observed that although PF4 or anti-PF4 antibody alone did not alter neutrophil function, costimulation with both reagents resulted in approximately 3-fold increase in cell surface Mac-1 expression, enhanced cell adhesion via L-selectin and CD18 integrins, and degranulation of secondary and tertiary granules.

Detection of conjugation related type four secretion machinery in Aeromonas culicicola.

Background: Aeromonas sp. can now be considered relatively common enteropathogens due to the increase of diseases in humans. Aeromonas culicicola is a gram negative rod-shaped bacterium isolated for the first time from the mosquito mid-gut, but subsequently detected in other insects and waters also.

Magnetic resonance imaging of Asians with multiple sclerosis was similar to that of the West.

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the brain is the most important paraclinical diagnostic test in multiple sclerosis (MS). The appearance of MRI in Asians with MS is not well defined. We retrospectively surveyed the first brain and spinal cord MRI in patients diagnosed to have MS, according to Poser's criteria in seven regions throughout Asia to define the MRI changes among Asians with MS.