Improving Linkages Between Sexual and Reproductive Health and Substance Use Providers: The Partnership to Advance Integrated Referrals.

Background And Objectives: Women of reproductive age with substance use (SU) disorders have lower rates of contraceptive use and higher rates of unintended pregnancy than women without SU disorders and are less likely to access treatment than men. Integration of SU and sexual and reproductive health (SRH) services, using a model known as Screening, Brief Intervention, and Referral to Treatment (SBIRT), has been proven effective in reducing SU and improving health care equity. The SBIRT model includes screening, brief intervention (a short client-centered conversation providing an opportunity to identify/discuss concerns), and referral to treatment.

Repeat Breast Ultrasound Demonstrates Utility with Added Cancer Detection in Patients following Breast Imaging Second Opinion Recommendations.

Purpose: Second opinion consultation for patients with suspicious findings on breast imaging and patients with known breast cancer is not uncommon. We sought to determine the frequency of second opinion breast and axillary ultrasound imaging review and the subsequent impact on clinical management.

Materials And Methods: An IRB-approved retrospective chart review was conducted on 400 consecutive patients with second opinion radiology interpretations performed by subspecialized breast radiologists at a designated cancer center, including mammogram and ultrasound review.

Building Community Capacity for Qualitative Research to Improve Pregnancy Intention Screening.

Background: Community-based participatory research (CBPR), with an emphasis on co-learning and collaboration, holds promise for exploring the pregnancy intention (PI) screening needs of Latina patients and their health care providers. We describe a CBPR partnership exploring PI screening processes at a federally qualified health center in New York City, and lessons learned related to community participation, training, and collaboration between partners.

Methods: Stakeholders convened a community advisory board (CAB) to carry out CBPR.

"If You Don't Ask, I'm Not Going to Tell You": Using Community-Based Participatory Research to Inform Pregnancy Intention Screening Processes for Black and Latina Women in Primary Care.

Background: Public health and medical professional organizations recommend screening women of reproductive age for pregnancy intention (PI) routinely in primary care. Existing PI screening tools may not address the complexity of intentions for women of color or lower socioeconomic status or be well-suited to primary care settings. This study sought to inform recommendations for carrying out PI screening meaningfully in primary care settings.

Primary care providers' responses to pregnancy intention screening challenges: community-based participatory research at an urban community health centre.

Background: Incorporating pregnancy intention screening into primary care to address unmet preconception and contraception needs may improve delivery of family planning services. A notable research gap exists regarding providers' experiences conducting this screening in primary care.

Objective: To explore primary care providers' perceived challenges in conducting pregnancy intention screening with women of reproductive age and to identify strategies to discuss this in primary care settings.

Adapting the Get Yourself Tested Campaign to Reach Black and Latino Sexual-Minority Youth.

Background: Culturally appropriate efforts are needed to increase sexually transmitted disease (STD) testing and care among Black and Latino sexual-minority youth, who are at high risk for STDs. Get Yourself Tested, a national testing campaign, has demonstrated success among youth, but it has yet to be assessed for relevance or impact among this population.

Method: This effort included (1) formative and materials-testing research through focus groups; (2) adaptation of existing Get Yourself Tested campaign materials to be more inclusive of Black and Latino sexual-minority youth; (3) a 3-month campaign in four venues of New York City, promoting STD testing at events and through mobile testing and online and social media platforms; (4) process evaluation of outreach activities; and (5) an outcome evaluation of testing at select campaign venues, using a preexperimental design.

Improving contraceptive choice: fidelity of implementation and the gap between effectiveness and efficacy.

Interventions to reduce unintended pregnancy through improved contraceptive use are a public health priority. A comprehensive process evaluation of a contraceptive assessment module intervention with demonstrated efficacy was undertaken. The 12-month process evaluation goal was to describe the extent to which the intervention was implemented as intended over time, and to identify programmatic adjustments to improve implementation fidelity.