The Inhibition Effect and Mechanism of Staurosporine Isolated from sp. SNC087 Strain on Nasal Polyp.

This study aims to explore the potential inhibition effects of staurosporine isolated from a sp. SNC087 strain obtained from seawater on nasal polyps. Staurosporine possesses antimicrobial and antihypertensive activities.

Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles Using F202Z8 and Their Biological Characterization.

The aim of this study is to describe the general features and eco-friendly biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) from the marine bacterium F202Z8. To the best of our knowledge, no previous study has reported the biosynthesis of AgNPs using this strain. The formation of AgNPs using F202Z8 was synthesized intracellularly without the addition of any disturbing factors, such as antibiotics, nutrient stress, or electron donors.

sp. nov., a member of the isolated from the marine red algae sp.

A Gram-negative, pale yellow-pigmented, non-flagellated, motile, rod-shaped and aerobic bacterium, designated strain PG104, was isolated from red algae sp. collected from the coastal area of Pohang, Republic of Korea. Growth of strain PG104 was observed at 15-35 °C (optimum, 30 °C), pH 6.

and antimicrobial activity of the fungal metabolite toluquinol against phytopathogenic bacteria.

Introduction: Bacterial plant diseases cause tremendous economic losses worldwide. However, a few effective and sustainable control methods are currently available. To discover novel and effective management approaches, we screened marine fungi for their antibacterial activity against phytopathogenic bacteria and .

The complete mitochondrial genome of (Hypocreales: Hypocreaceae) from the Southern Coast of Korea.

Fungal species in the genus are widely used for industrial enzyme production and as biocontrol agents. In this study, we report the complete mitochondrial genome of a marine-derived strain GH-Sj1, which belongs to the Harzianum clade of . GH-Sj1 was isolated from an edible sea alga collected from the southern coast of Korea.

Aggregatimonas sangjinii gen. nov., sp. nov., a novel silver nanoparticle synthesizing bacterium belonging to the family Flavobacteriaceae.

Microbially synthesized nanoparticles has received increasing attentions owing to the broad applications in biology and medicine. In this study, we report a novel bacterium that biologically generates silver nanoparticles (AgNPs). This bacterium, designated strain F202Z8, was isolated from a rusty iron plate found in the intertidal region of Taean, South Korea.

Characterization of the Proteolytic Activity of a Halophilic Strain SK1-1 Isolated from a Solar Saltern.

Salterns are hypersaline environments that are inhabited by diverse halophilic microorganisms, including fungi. In this study, we isolated a fungal strain SK1-1 from a saltern in the Republic of Korea, which was identified as . This is the first reported saline-environment-derived that belongs to the clade and encompasses xerophilic fungi.

sp. nov. a marine bacterium isolated from seawater.

A strictly aerobic, Gram-stain-negative, gliding, rod-shaped bacteria, designated strain S481, was isolated from a surface seawater sample collected at Gunsan marina, in the West Sea of the Republic of Korea. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences revealed that strain S481 formed a monophyletic clade with members of the genus , showing 93.7-95.

Retinaldehyde Dehydrogenase Inhibition-Related Adverse Outcome Pathway: Potential Risk of Retinoic Acid Synthesis Inhibition during Embryogenesis.

Retinoic acid (RA) is one of the factors crucial for cell growth, differentiation, and embryogenesis; it interacts with the retinoic acid receptor and retinoic acid X receptor to eventually regulate target gene expression in chordates. RA is transformed from retinaldehyde via oxidization by retinaldehyde dehydrogenase (RALDH), which belongs to the family of oxidoreductases. Several chemicals, including disulphiram, diethylaminobenzaldehyde, and SB-210661, can effectively inhibit RALDH activity, potentially causing reproductive and developmental toxicity.

Telomere-to-telomere genome assembly of asparaginase-producing Trichoderma simmonsii.

Background: Trichoderma is a genus of fungi in the family Hypocreaceae and includes species known to produce enzymes with commercial use. They are largely found in soil and terrestrial plants. Recently, Trichoderma simmonsii isolated from decaying bark and decorticated wood was newly identified in the Harzianum clade of Trichoderma.

sp. nov. a facultatively anaerobic bacterium isolated from seawater.

A Gram-stain-negative, motile, facultatively anaerobic rod-shaped bacterium with a polar flagellum, designated strain S7 was isolated from seawater sample collected at Uljin marina, in the East Sea of the Republic of Korea. Phylogenetic analysis based on the 16S rRNA gene sequences revealed that strain S7 was affiliated with members of genus showing the highest sequence similarities to the type strains P2S11 (95.7 %), PAT (95.

Characterization of Amylolytic Activity by a Marine-Derived Yeast PH-Gra1.

Marine yeasts have tremendous potential in industrial applications but have received less attention than terrestrial yeasts and marine filamentous fungi. In this study, we have screened marine yeasts for amylolytic activity and identified an amylase-producing strain PH-Gra1 isolated from sea algae. PH-Gra1 formed as a coral-red colony on yeast-peptone-dextrose (YPD) agar; the maximum radial growth was observed at 22 °C, pH 6.

Fungi in salterns.

Salterns are hypersaline extreme environments with unique physicochemical properties such as a salinity gradient. Although the investigation of microbiota in salterns has focused on archaea and bacteria, diverse fungi also thrive in the brine and soil of salterns. Fungi isolated from salterns are represented by black yeasts (Hortaea werneckii, Phaeotheca triangularis, Aureobasidium pullulans, and Trimmatostroma salinum), Cladosporium, Aspergillus, and Penicillium species.

Three Unrecorded Species Belonging to Section from Marine Environments in Korea.

Species that belong to section are commonly found in various terrestrial environments, but only a few have been reported in marine environments. Because the number of species reported in marine environments is increasing, we investigated the diversity of section in marine environments in Korea. Based on sequence analyses of β-tubulin and calmodulin loci, 21 strains of section were identified as , , , , cf.

Identification and characterization of a marine-derived chitinolytic fungus, Acremonium sp. YS2-2.

Chitin is the most abundant biopolymer in marine environments. To facilitate its utilization, our laboratory screened marine-derived fungal strains for chitinolytic activity. One chitinolytic strain isolated from seawater, designated YS2-2, was identified as Acremonium species based on morphological and phylogenetic analyses.

Tamlana carrageenivorans sp. nov., a carrageenan-degrading bacterium isolated from seawater.

A Gram-stain-negative, aerobic, non-motile, rod-shaped, agarolytic and carrageenolytic bacterial strain, designated UJ94, was isolated from seawater of Uljin in the Republic of Korea. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences revealed that strain UJ94 shared sequence similarities of 98.4, 96.

Complete Genome Sequence of ST58-10, a Benzene-Degrading Bacterium Isolated from Estuarine Sediment.

Marinobacterium aestuarii ST58-10 was identified as a benzene-degrading aerobic bacterium isolated from estuarine sediment in the Republic of Korea. The genome of strain ST58-10 was found to be composed of a single circular chromosome (5,191,608 bp) with a G+C content of 58.78% and harboring 4,473 protein-coding genes.

Modulation of Immune Signaling and Metabolism Highlights Host and Fungal Transcriptional Responses in Mouse Models of Invasive Pulmonary Aspergillosis.

Incidences of invasive pulmonary aspergillosis, an infection caused predominantly by Aspergillus fumigatus, have increased due to the growing number of immunocompromised individuals. While A. fumigatus is reliant upon deficiencies in the host to facilitate invasive disease, the distinct mechanisms that govern the host-pathogen interaction remain enigmatic, particularly in the context of distinct immune modulating therapies.

The signal peptide peptidase SppA is involved in sterol regulatory element-binding protein cleavage and hypoxia adaptation in Aspergillus nidulans.

Using forward genetics, we revealed that the signal peptide peptidase (SPP) SppA, an aspartyl protease involved in regulated intramembrane proteolysis (RIP), is essential for hypoxia adaptation in Aspergillus nidulans, as well as hypoxia-sensitive mutant alleles of a sterol regulatory element-binding protein (SREBP) srbA and the Dsc ubiquitin E3 ligase complex dscA-E. Both null and dead activity [D337A] mutants of sppA failed to grow in hypoxia, and the growth defect of ΔsppA was complemented by nuclear SrbA-N381 expression. Additionally, SppA interacted with SrbA in the endoplasmic reticulum, where SppA localized in normoxia and hypoxia.

Characterization of the Paracoccidioides Hypoxia Response Reveals New Insights into Pathogenesis Mechanisms of This Important Human Pathogenic Fungus.

Background: Hypoxic microenvironments are generated during fungal infection. It has been described that to survive in the human host, fungi must also tolerate and overcome in vivo microenvironmental stress conditions including low oxygen tension; however nothing is known how Paracoccidioides species respond to hypoxia. The genus Paracoccidioides comprises human thermal dimorphic fungi and are causative agents of paracoccidioidomycosis (PCM), an important mycosis in Latin America.

Neurospora crassa ASM-1 complements the conidiation defect in a stuA mutant of Aspergillus nidulans.

Aspergillus nidulans StuA and Neurospora crassa ASM-1 are orthologous APSES (ASM-1, PHD1, SOK2, Efg1, StuA) transcription factors conserved across a diverse group of fungi. StuA and ASM-1 have roles in asexual (conidiation) and sexual (ascospore formation) development in both organisms. To address the hypothesis that the last common ancestor of these diverse fungi regulated conidiation with similar genes, asm-1 was introduced into the stuA1 mutant of A.

ChIP-seq and in vivo transcriptome analyses of the Aspergillus fumigatus SREBP SrbA reveals a new regulator of the fungal hypoxia response and virulence.

The Aspergillus fumigatus sterol regulatory element binding protein (SREBP) SrbA belongs to the basic Helix-Loop-Helix (bHLH) family of transcription factors and is crucial for antifungal drug resistance and virulence. The latter phenotype is especially striking, as loss of SrbA results in complete loss of virulence in murine models of invasive pulmonary aspergillosis (IPA). How fungal SREBPs mediate fungal virulence is unknown, though it has been suggested that lack of growth in hypoxic conditions accounts for the attenuated virulence.