High-speed data transmission over a microresonator frequency comb with dispersion compensation for augmented data rates and reach.

Microresonator frequency comb-based high-speed data transmission provides a pathway towards augmented data capacity without increasing the number of laser sources. Their use with intensity-modulated direct detection modulation (IMDD) formats is especially pertinent in data center communications where minimizing cost, latency and complexity is paramount. This however implies that the same extent of digital signal processing techniques commonly used in coherent detection for the management of fiber impairments including chromatic dispersion are not available.

Observation of temporal optical solitons in a topological waveguide.

Photonic topological systems may be exploited in topological quantum light generation, the development of topological lasers, the implementation of photonic routing systems and optical parametric amplification. Here, we leverage the strong light confinement of an ultra-silicon-rich nitride (USRN) topological waveguide adopting the 1D Su-Schrieffer-Heeger (SSH) system with a topological domain wall. We present the formation and propagation of temporal optical solitons in the topological waveguide, exhibiting two-fold temporal compression.

Time to Navigate: A Practical Objective Clinical Measure for Freezing of Gait Severity in People With Parkinson Disease.

Objectives: To provide an easy-to-use measure, as existing objective assessments for freezing of gait (FOG) severity may be unwieldy for routine clinical practice, this study explored time taken to complete the recently validated FOG severity tool and its components.

Design: A cross-sectional study.

Setting: Outpatient clinics of a tertiary hospital.

Resonant Akhmediev breathers.

Modulation instability is a phenomenon in which a minor disturbance within a carrier wave gradually amplifies over time, leading to the formation of a series of compressed waves with higher amplitudes. In terms of frequency analysis, this process results in the generation of new frequencies on both sides of the original carrier wave frequency. We study the impact of fourth-order dispersion on this modulation instability in the context of nonlinear optics that lead to the formation of a series of pulses in the form of Akhmediev breather.

Demonstration of a low loss, highly stable and re-useable edge coupler for high heralding efficiency and low g(2)(0) SOI correlated photon pair sources.

We report a stable, low loss method for coupling light from silicon-on-insulator (SOI) photonic chips into optical fibers. The technique is realized using an on-chip tapered waveguide and a cleaved small core optical fiber. The on-chip taper is monolithic and does not require a patterned cladding, thus simplifying the chip fabrication process.

Reliability and variability of physiotherapists scoring freezing of gait through video analysis.

Background: The "gold standard" marker for freezing of gait severity is percentage of time spent with freezing observed through video analysis.

Objective: This study examined inter- and intra-rater reliability and variability of physiotherapists rating freezing of gait severity through video analysis and explored the effects of experience.

Methods: Thirty physiotherapists rated 14 videos of Timed Up and Go performance by people with Parkinson's and gait freezing.

Validity and reliability of a new clinician-rated tool for freezing of gait severity.

Purpose: The Freezing of Gait Severity Tool (FOG Tool) was developed because of limitations in existing assessments. This cross-sectional study investigated its validity and reliability.

Methods: People with Parkinson's disease (PD) were recruited consecutively from clinics.

Scoring festination and gait freezing in people with Parkinson's: The freezing of gait severity tool-revised.

Background And Purpose: To improve existing clinical assessments for freezing of gait (FOG) severity, a new clinician-rated tool which integrates the varied types of freezing (FOG Severity Tool-Revised) was developed. This cross-sectional study investigated its validity and reliability.

Methods: People with Parkinson's disease who were able to independently ambulate eight-metres and understand study instructions were consecutively recruited from outpatient clinics of a tertiary hospital.

Deuterated SiNx: a low-loss, back-end CMOS-compatible platform for nonlinear integrated optics.

Silicon nitride (SiN) has surged into prominence as a material for photonic-integrated circuits (PICs) in the past decade, well regarded for its broadband transparency, compatibility with complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) fabrication processes and high optical bandgap that avoids two-photon absorption. However, current fabrication methods result in users having to choose between low thermal budgets and low losses, which are suboptimal given that both are necessary to facilitate a wide range of applications. Recently, works have emerged featuring PICs fabricated using deuterated silicon nitride (SiNx:D) - SiNx films grown using deuterated precursors instead of conventional hydrogenated ones.

Gap solitons on an integrated CMOS chip.

Nonlinear propagation in periodic media has been studied for decades, yielding demonstrations of numerous phenomena including strong temporal compression and slow light generation. Gap solitons, that propagate at frequencies inside the stopband, have been observed in optical fibres but have been elusive in photonic chips. In this manuscript, we investigate nonlinear pulse propagation in a chip-based nonlinear Bragg grating at frequencies inside the stopband and observe clear, unequivocal signatures of gap soliton propagation, including slow light, intensity-dependent transmission, intensity-dependent temporal delay and gap soliton compression.

A topological nonlinear parametric amplifier.

Topological boundary states are well localized eigenstates at the boundary between two different bulk topologies. As long as bulk topology is preserved, the topological boundary mode will endure. Here, we report topological nonlinear parametric amplification of light in a dimerized coupled waveguide system based on the Su-Schrieffer-Heeger model with a domain wall.

Femoral neck stress fracture and medial tibial stress syndrome following high intensity interval training: A case report and review of literature.

Background: Femoral and tibial stress injuries are commonly found in long distance running athletes. Stress fractures have rarely been reported in athletes performing high intensity interval training (HIIT) exercise. The objective of this study was to report a case of a patient who presented with medial tibial stress syndrome and femoral neck stress fracture after performing HIIT exercises.

Developing the Freezing of Gait Severity Tool: A Delphi consensus study to determine the content of a clinician-rated assessment for freezing of gait severity.

Objectives: There is no standardisation of tasks or measures for evaluation of freezing of gait severity in people with Parkinson's disease. This study aimed to develop a clinician-rated tool for freezing of gait severity (i.e.

Optical characterization of deuterated silicon-rich nitride waveguides.

Chemical vapor deposition-based growth techniques allow flexible design of complementary metal-oxide semiconductor (CMOS) compatible materials. Here, we report the deuterated silicon-rich nitride films grown using plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition. The linear and nonlinear properties of the films are characterized, and we experimentally confirm that the silicon-rich nitride films grown with SiD eliminates Si-H and N-H related absorption.

Microresonator frequency comb based high-speed transmission of intensity modulated direct detection data.

Globally, the long-haul transmission of ultra-high bandwidth data is enabled through coherent communications. Driven by the rapid pace of growth in interconnectivity over the last decade, long-haul data transmission has reached capacities on the order of tens to hundreds of terabits per second, over fiber reaches which may span thousands of kilometers. Data center communications operate in regimes featuring shorter reaches and higher cost sensitivity.

Supercontinuum generation in a nonlinear ultra-silicon-rich nitride waveguide.

Supercontinuum generation is demonstrated in a 3-mm-long ultra-silicon-rich nitride (USRN) waveguide by launching 500 fs pulses centered at 1555 nm with a pulse energy of 17 pJ. The generated supercontinuum is experimentally characterized to possess a high spectral coherence, with an average |g| exceeding 0.90 across the wavelength range of the coherence measurement (1260 nm to 1700 nm).

Quiet standing postural control variables in subacute stroke: associations with gait and balance, falls prediction and responsiveness.

Purpose: To examine the construct validity, predictive validity and responsiveness of standing centre of pressure variables in subacute stroke.

Materials And Methods: Seventy-nine ambulatory individuals were assessed before inpatient rehabilitation discharge and three months later. Measures were: gait speed (6-metre walk), dynamic balance (step test), and quiet standing (Wii Balance Board).

Enhanced photonics devices based on low temperature plasma-deposited dichlorosilane-based ultra-silicon-rich nitride (SiN).

Ultra-silicon-rich nitride with refractive indices ~ 3 possesses high nonlinear refractive index-100× higher than stoichiometric silicon nitride and presents absence of two-photon absorption, making it attractive to be used in nonlinear integrated optics at telecommunications wavelengths. Despite its excellent nonlinear properties, ultra-silicon-rich nitride photonics devices reported so far still have fairly low quality factors of [Formula: see text], which could be mainly attributed by the material absorption bonds. Here, we report low temperature plasma-deposited dichlorosilane-based ultra-silicon-rich nitride (SiN) with lower material absorption bonds, and ~ 2.

Picosecond pulse generation from continuous-wave light in an integrated nonlinear Bragg grating.

The generation of optical pulse trains from continuous-wave light has attracted growing attention in recent years because it provides a simple way to obtain high repetition rate ultrashort pulses. While pulse generation has been extensively demonstrated in optical fibers, pulse train generation from weak, continuous wave light in photonic chips has posed significant challenges because of the short interaction length and therefore difficulty in acquiring sufficient new frequency content, and/or absence of the appropriate dispersion environment. In this manuscript, we report the pulse train generation of a low continuous-wave signal to 18 ps, by leveraging cross-phase modulation induced by co-propagating pump pulses with a peak power of 3.

Detection of Freezing of Gait Using Convolutional Neural Networks and Data From Lower Limb Motion Sensors.

Parkinson's disease (PD) is a chronic, non-reversible neurodegenerative disorder, and freezing of gait (FOG) is one of the most disabling symptoms in PD as it is often the leading cause of falls and injuries that drastically reduces patients' quality of life. In order to monitor continuously and objectively PD patients who suffer from FOG and enable the possibility of on-demand cueing assistance, a sensor-based FOG detection solution can help clinicians manage the disease and help patients overcome freezing episodes. Many recent studies have leveraged deep learning models to detect FOG using signals extracted from inertial measurement unit (IMU) devices.

A pilot randomized controlled trial examining the benefits of an adjuvant psycho-behavioural intervention in comparison to a health education program, on psychological well-being and freezing-of-gait in patients with Parkinson's disease.

This study investigated the effectiveness of a psycho-behavioural intervention (PBI) for freezing of gait (FOG) management in people with Parkinson's disease, through a double-blind randomized controlled pilot trial conducted with nineteen participants. Though no significant between-group differences were found, PBI was feasible, well-tolerated by participants, and exhibited a trend towards improvement for FOG and depression, thereby warranting further longitudinal investigations.

High spectro-temporal compression on a nonlinear CMOS-chip.

Optical pulses are fundamentally defined by their temporal and spectral properties. The ability to control pulse properties allows practitioners to efficiently leverage them for advanced metrology, high speed optical communications and attosecond science. Here, we report 11× temporal compression of 5.

Paretic and Nonparetic Step Tests Are Noninterchangeable in Stroke: A Prospective Cohort Study.

Objective: The step test (ST) is a common clinical assessment of dynamic balance among survivors of stroke. The ST assesses a person's ability to place their paretic (paretic ST) or nonparetic (nonparetic ST) foot rapidly and repeatedly on and off a standardized block while standing. No study has formally explored if the 2 tests are interchangeable.

What Factors Influence Clinicians' Use of Technology in Neurorehabilitation? A Multisite Qualitative Study.

Objective: Technology is being increasingly used for physical assessment and interventions in health care settings. However, clinical adoption is relatively slow, and the factors affecting use remain underexplored. This study aimed to investigate factors influencing technology use by clinicians working in neurorehabilitation.