Use of Biosimilars to Infliximab During Pregnancy in Women With Inflammatory Bowel Disease: Results From the Pregnancy in Inflammatory Bowel Disease and Neonatal Outcomes Study.

Introduction: We aimed to compare pregnancy outcomes of women with inflammatory bowel disease using biosimilar vs originator infliximab (IFX).

Methods: In a prospective cohort of pregnant women with inflammatory bowel disease, we collected characteristics, medications, pregnancy outcomes, and developmental milestones. We compared outcomes by IFX biosimilar or originator use via bivariate statistics.

Young Adult Patient and Caregiver Perspectives on Transition Readiness in an Inflammatory Bowel Disease Clinic.

Background: When it comes to readiness to transition to an adult subspecialty clinic, perspectives between patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and their caregivers may differ and influence the ability to successfully transition. Patients with IBD have been shown to suffer from poor transfers of care. There is a need to more efficiently and accurately assess transition readiness to improve the transfer process.

Identification and multimodal characterization of a specialized epithelial cell type associated with Crohn's disease.

Crohn's disease (CD) is a complex chronic inflammatory disorder with both gastrointestinal and extra-intestinal manifestations associated immune dysregulation. Analyzing 202,359 cells from 170 specimens across 83 patients, we identify a distinct epithelial cell type in both terminal ileum and ascending colon (hereon as 'LND') with high expression of LCN2, NOS2, and DUOX2 and genes related to antimicrobial response and immunoregulation. LND cells, confirmed by in-situ RNA and protein imaging, are rare in non-IBD controls but expand in active CD, and actively interact with immune cells and specifically express IBD/CD susceptibility genes, suggesting a possible function in CD immunopathogenesis.

The Comorbidity of Patient-Reported Crohn's Disease Activity and Depression: The Role of Health Behavior Mediators.

Background: Longitudinal research reveals a unidirectional relationship between a nonsomatic symptom of depression, a negative view of the self, and later reported Crohn's disease (CD) activity. We evaluated whether health behaviors mediated this association using a longitudinal design.

Methods: We studied 3304 adult volunteers with a self-reported diagnosis of CD who completed a baseline survey that included demographics, CD activity, a symptom-specific index of depression, and measures of physical activity, smoking, and sleep quality.

A Specialized Epithelial Cell Type Regulating Mucosal Immunity and Driving Human Crohn's Disease.

Crohn's disease (CD) is a complex chronic inflammatory disorder that may affect any part of gastrointestinal tract with extra-intestinal manifestations and associated immune dysregulation. To characterize heterogeneity in CD, we profiled single-cell transcriptomics of 170 samples from 65 CD patients and 18 non-inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) controls in both the terminal ileum (TI) and ascending colon (AC). Analysis of 202,359 cells identified a novel epithelial cell type in both TI and AC, featuring high expression of , , and , and thus is named LND.

Functional Medicine Approach to Patient Care Improves Sleep, Fatigue, and Quality of Life in Patients With Inflammatory Bowel Disease.

Background: A Functional Medicine program was developed at an inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) center with the goal of integrating strategies to address modifiable lifestyle factors and to complete a 6-week elimination diet under the direction of a trained Functional Medicine dietitian and Functional Medicine providers.

Methods: From January 2019 to November 2019, patients with controlled, but persistent, symptoms from IBD were offered enrollment. Each of the 5 visits incorporated an educational session focused on nutrition followed by a session focusing on modifiable lifestyle factors.

Tofacitinib Adherence and Outcomes in Refractory Inflammatory Bowel Disease.

Background: Tofacitinib has been approved for moderate-to-severe ulcerative colitis and studied in Crohn's disease. Understanding medication adherence to oral medications in severe disease is essential.

Methods: We retrospectively reviewed adherence and real-world outcomes of inflammatory bowel disease patients who initiated tofacitinib at a single care center.

Safety and Efficacy of Vedolizumab Versus Tumor Necrosis Factor α Antagonists in an Elderly IBD Population: A Single Institution Retrospective Experience.

Background: Vedolizumab is a monoclonal antibody used to treat inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). There is little known about the safety and comparative efficacy of this agent in the elderly population.

Aims: Here, we present data on the safety and comparative efficacy of vedolizumab versus tumor necrosis factor α antagonists (anti-TNF) in elderly patients with IBD.

The Importance of Monitoring the Postpartum Period in Moderate to Severe Crohn's Disease.

Background: Prior research demonstrates Crohn's disease patients often do well in pregnancy; however, less is known about the risk of flare in the postpartum period.

Methods: A retrospective chart review was conducted at a tertiary care inflammatory bowel disease center. All pregnant women with Crohn's disease who were followed in the postpartum period, defined as 6 months after delivery, were included.

A patient education intervention improved rates of successful video visits during rapid implementation of telehealth.

Introduction: The need to rapidly implement telehealth at large scale during the COVID-19 pandemic led to many patients using telehealth for the first time. We assessed the effect of structured pre-visit preparatory telephone calls on success of telehealth visits and examined risk factors for unsuccessful visits.

Methods: A retrospective cohort study was carried out of 45,803 adult patients scheduled for a total of 64,447 telehealth appointments between March and July 2020 at an academic medical center.

Demographic Factors Associated With Successful Telehealth Visits in Inflammatory Bowel Disease Patients.

Background: This study evaluated synchronous audiovisual telehealth and audio-only visits for patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) to determine frequency of successful telehealth visits and determine what factors increase the likelihood of completion.

Methods: Data were collected from March to July 2020 in a tertiary care adult IBD clinic that was transitioned to a fully telehealth model. A protocol for telehealth was implemented.

Mucosal Integrity Testing Can Detect Differences in the Rectums of Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease Compared to Controls: A Pilot Study.

Background: While the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is incompletely understood, disruption of epithelial integrity is suspected to play a prominent role in disease initiation and progression. Currently, there is no convenient way to measure this in vivo.

Aims: Our aim is to determine whether a mucosal integrity (MI) testing device that has been used to measure MI in the esophagus can also be used to measure barrier function in the colon during colonoscopy.

Vedolizumab Concentrations in Breast Milk: Results from a Prospective, Postmarketing, Milk-Only Lactation Study in Nursing Mothers with Inflammatory Bowel Disease.

Background And Objectives: The safety of inflammatory bowel disease medications during lactation is of significant relevance to women of childbearing potential. Available data regarding the transfer of biologic agents for inflammatory bowel disease via breast milk are limited to case reports. The objective of this prospective postmarketing lactation study was to assess vedolizumab concentrations in breast milk from lactating vedolizumab-treated women with inflammatory bowel disease.

Gastroenterologist-Lead Management of Iron Deficiency Anemia in Inflammatory Bowel Disease Is Effective, Safe, and May Increase Quality of Life.

Background: The effectiveness and safety of gastroenterologist (GI)-lead treatment of iron deficiency anemia (IDA) in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) have not been well-studied.

Methods: A retrospective chart review of patients with IBD, IDA, and evidence of treatment with iron at a tertiary IBD center was conducted.

Results: In 351 patients, hemoglobin and quality of life scores increased significantly after treatment with iron.

Precision nicotine metabolism-informed care for smoking cessation in Crohn's disease: A pilot study.

Introduction: Smoking is a strong risk factor for disease severity in Crohn's disease (CD) and cessation improves outcomes. The nicotine metabolite ratio (NMR) predicts cessation success with pharmacotherapy: varenicline doubles cessation over nicotine replacement therapy (NRT) for "normal", but not "slow" metabolizers. Varenicline side effects are heightened in slow metabolizers.

A Single Center Experience With Long-Term Ustekinumab Use and Reinduction in Patients With Refractory Crohn Disease.

Background: Ustekinumab was approved for moderate and severe Crohn's disease (CD) in 2016, but little is known about long-term outcomes.

Methods: A retrospective study evaluated all patients with CD treated with ustekinumab, including patients with reinduction. C-reactive protein (CRP), Harvey-Bradshaw Index (HBI), Short Inflammatory Bowel Disease (SIBDQ), and endoscopy outcomes were collected prospectively.

TELEmedicine for Patients With Inflammatory Bowel Disease (TELE-IBD) Does Not Improve Depressive Symptoms or General Quality of Life Compared With Standard Care at Tertiary Referral Centers.

Background: Depression is common in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and contributes to poor quality of life (QoL). The use of information technology for the remote management of patients with IBD is growing, but little is known about its impact on depressive symptoms (DS) and QoL. We aimed to evaluate the impact of telemedicine on DS and generic QoL in IBD patients.

Correction to: Effect of TELEmedicine for Inflammatory Bowel Disease on Patient Activation and Self-Efficacy.

This manuscript is a secondary analysis of a large multicenter randomized controlled trial. The primary study is Cross RK et al., A Randomized Controlled Trial of TELEmedicine for patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease (TELE-IBD).

Does Reverse Causality Underlie the Temporal Relationship Between Depression and Crohn's Disease?

Background: Studies suggest that there is a temporal relationship between depression and Crohn's disease (CD) activity. However, these studies assumed a unidirectional relationship and did not examine the possibility of reverse causality and the risk of a spurious association due to the overlap of symptoms underlying the depression-CD relationship. We evaluated the existence of reverse causality reflected in a possible bidirectional relationship between patient-reported CD activity and an affective-cognitive dimension of depression.

Serum Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids Correlate with Serum Cytokines and Clinical Disease Activity in Crohn's Disease.

Crohn's disease (CD) has been associated with an increased consumption of n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA), while greater intake of n-3 PUFA has been associated with a reduced risk. We sought to investigate serum fatty acid composition in CD, and associations of fatty acids with disease activity, cytokines, and adipokines. Serum was prospectively collected from 116 CD subjects and 27 non-IBD controls.