Publications by authors named "Dawei Lu"

Pharmaceuticals and their transformation products (TPs) in wastewater are emerging contaminants that pose risks to ecosystems and human health. Here, a typical period marked by the easing of the "zero-COVID" policy in December 2022, resulting in unprecedented infections in China, was chosen to illustrate the environmental impact of pharmaceutical usage during the COVID-19 pandemic. A suspect screening workflow was developed to identify pharmaceuticals and transformation products (TPs) in wastewater influent and effluent from a wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) during the peak and postpeak periods of COVID-19, integrating medication recommendations and TPs' prediction.

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The outbreak of COVID-19 pandemic has caused substantial health loss worldwide, and the long-term sequelae of COVID, resulting from repeated coronavirus infection, have emerged as a new public health concern. We report the widespread presence of abnormal metallomic profiles in the sera of patients who have recovered from SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus infection, even after 6 months post-discharge from hospital. We measured the concentrations of Fe, Cu, Zn, Se, Cr, Mn, Ba, Ni, Pb, Ag, As, Cd, Co, and V in the sera of 25 recovered participants and 38 healthy controls in the cross-sectional study.

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We consider the certification of temporal quantum correlations using the pseudo-density operator (PDO), an extension of the density matrix to the time domain, where negative eigenvalues are key indicators of temporal correlations. Conventional methods for detecting these correlations rely on PDO tomography, which often involves excessive redundant information and requires exponential resources. In this work, we develop an efficient protocol for temporal correlation detection by virtually preparing the PDO within a single time slice and estimating its second-order moments using randomized measurements.

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Aging is intricately linked to various diseases including cancers, neurodegenerative disorders, and metabolic irregularities. Copper (Cu) overexposure has been found to be linked to many diseases during aging, particularly neurodegenerative diseases. Meanwhile, as an essential element, Cu has been implicated in key processes associated with aging, raising questions about its role in age-related health issues.

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Article Synopsis
  • Abnormal copper levels are linked to neurological disorders like autism spectrum disorder (ASD), but the causes of copper imbalance in the brain are not well understood.
  • The study explored how valproic acid (VPA) exposure in a mouse model affects copper metabolism and reveals significant changes in specific brain regions, resulting in increased copper ion levels.
  • Additionally, alterations in lipid profiles and neurotransmitter levels, such as dopamine and serotonin, highlight the potential effects of copper toxicity on brain metabolism and contribute to understanding the mechanisms behind ASD.
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Atmospheric Hg(0) dry deposition is a vital process that significantly affects the global distribution and cycling of Hg. However, significant knowledge gaps and challenges remain in understanding atmospheric Hg(0) deposition and its subsequent post-deposition processes. Hg isotope fractionation has emerged as the most powerful tool for evaluating the impact of atmospheric Hg(0) deposition and unraveling key processes associated with it.

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Article Synopsis
  • * The study successfully integrates single electron-nuclear spin entanglement into a silicon-carbide-on-insulator (SiCOI) waveguide, achieving a high fidelity entangled state of 0.89.
  • * The entangled quantum register maintains strong performance with a fidelity of 0.88 after integration, showcasing SiCOI's potential for scalable quantum photonic applications.
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Quantum simulation offers an analog approach for exploring exotic quantum phenomena using controllable platforms, typically necessitating ultracold temperatures to maintain the quantum coherence. Superradiance lattices (SLs) have been harnessed to simulate coherent topological physics at room temperature, but the thermal motion of atoms remains a notable challenge in accurately measuring the physical quantities. To overcome this obstacle, we implement a velocity scanning tomography technique to discern the responses of atoms with different velocities, allowing cold-atom spectroscopic resolution within room-temperature SLs.

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The accurate determination of the electronic structure of strongly correlated materials using first principle methods is of paramount importance in condensed matter physics, computational chemistry, and material science. However, due to the exponential scaling of computational resources, incorporating such materials into classical computation frameworks becomes prohibitively expensive. In 2016, Bauer et al.

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Article Synopsis
  • The study explores how a quantum switch, which allows two channels to exist in a superposition of orders, interacts with thermodynamic laws and thermalizing channels, leading to potential violations of the second law of thermodynamics.
  • The researchers experimentally demonstrate that quantum switching can increase the capacity for information communication without violating thermodynamic principles, showing how resources are utilized in the process.
  • Using nuclear magnetic resonance techniques, they verify an upper limit on the capacity increase for energy-preserving channels, and also show that an energy-altering channel can surpass this limit, enabling transformations from thermal to non-thermal states by consuming free energy.
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Nitrate (NO) has been identified as a key component of particulate matter (PM) in China. However, there is still a lack of understanding regarding its sources and how it forms, especially in the context of high-frequency and long-term data. In this study, NO levels were observed on an hourly basis over an almost three-year period at an urban site in the Pearl River Delta (PRD) region, China, from January 2019 to December 2021.

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Article Synopsis
  • The study focuses on synthesizing super-uniform colloidal particles made from covalent organic frameworks (COFs) to improve their organization and functionality in various applications.
  • It introduces several self-assembly techniques, like emulsion solvent evaporation and drop-casting, allowing the creation of 1D, 2D, and 3D superstructures without extra surfactants or chemical changes.
  • The developed methods not only maintain the beneficial properties of the particles, such as porosity and high surface area, but also show potential for creating advanced multifunctional materials.
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A fundamental challenge in quantum thermodynamics is the exploration of inherent dimensional constraints in thermodynamic machines. In the context of two-level systems, the most compact refrigerator necessitates the involvement of three entities, operating under self-contained conditions that preclude the use of external work sources. Here, we build such a smallest refrigerator using a nuclear spin system, where three distinct two-level carbon-13 nuclei in the same molecule are involved to facilitate the refrigeration process.

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Objective: To observe the treatment of severe preeclampsia in newborns with enoxaparin sodium combined with magnesium sulfate.

Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on the clinical data of 80 patients with severe preeclampsia admitted to Hefei Second People's Hospital, China from January 2019 to December 2020. Treatment records showed that 40 cases received magnesium sulfate treatment (single group), and 40 cases received enoxaparin sodium combined with magnesium sulfate treatment (combination group).

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Magnetic particles (MPs), with magnetite (FeO) and maghemite (γ-FeO) as the most abundant species, are ubiquitously present in the natural environment. MPs are among the most applied engineered particles and can be produced incidentally by various human activities. Identification of the sources of MPs is crucial for their risk assessment and regulation, which, however, is still an unsolved problem.

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The quantity and complexity of environmental data show exponential growth in recent years. High-quality big data analysis is critical for performing a sophisticated characterization of the complex network of environmental pollution. Machine learning (ML) has been employed as a powerful tool for decoupling the complexities of environmental big data based on its remarkable fitting ability.

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Although composite solid-state electrolytes (CSEs) are considered promising ionic conductors for high-energy lithium metal batteries, their unsatisfactory ionic conductivity, low mechanical strength, poor thermal stability, and narrow voltage window limit their practical applications. We have prepared a new lithium superionic conductor (Li-HA-F) with an ultralong nanofiber structure and ultrahigh room-temperature ionic conductivity (12.6 mS cm).

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The widespread application of metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) is seriously hindered by their structural instability and it is still very challenging to probe the stability of MOFs during application by current techniques. Here, we report a novel structure-responsive mass spectrometry (SRMS) imaging technique to probe the stability of MOFs. We discovered that intact CuBTC (as a model of MOFs) could generate the characteristic peaks of organic ligands and carbon cluster anions in laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry, but these peaks were significantly changed when the structure of CuBTC was dissociated, thus enabling a label-free probing of the stability.

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Purposes: The paper aims to investigative the cacuses and impacts of In- and Vacancy-doped to 6H-SiC, expecting that improving optical properties of materials. Design-Using the first-principles calculations, we discuss the electronic structure and optical properties of different doped 6H-SiC systems.

Findings: The results show that In-doped 6H-SiC becomes a direct bandgap p-type semiconductor and the energy bandgap is reduced from the intrinsic 2.

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Anyons, exotic quasiparticles in two-dimensional space exhibiting nontrivial exchange statistics, play a crucial role in universal topological quantum computing. One notable proposal to manifest the fractional statistics of anyons is the toric code model; however, scaling up its size through quantum simulation poses a serious challenge because of its highly entangled ground state. In this Letter, we demonstrate that a modular superconducting quantum processor enables hardware-pragmatic implementation of the toric code model.

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Although there is evidence that exposure to ground-level ozone (O) may cause an increased risk of neurological disorders (e.g., autistic spectrum disorder), low-dose chronic ozone exposure and its adverse effects on the nervous system have not been fully understood.

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Topological quantum computation (TQC) is one of the most striking architectures that can realize fault-tolerant quantum computers. In TQC, the logical space and the quantum gates are topologically protected, i.e.

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The incidence rate of thyroid cancer has been growing worldwide. Thyroid health is closely related with multiple trace metals, and the nutrients are essential in maintaining thyroid function while the contaminants can disturb thyroid morphology and homeostasis. In this study, we conducted metallomic analysis in thyroid cancer patients (n = 40) and control subjects (n = 40) recruited in Shenzhen, China with a high incidence of thyroid cancer.

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Polyhalogenated carbazoles (PHCZs) are recently raising much attention due to their toxicity and ubiquitous environmental distribution. However, little knowledge is known about their ambient occurrences and the potential source. In this study, we developed an analytical method based on GC-MS/MS to simultaneously determine 11 PHCZs in PM from urban Beijing, China.

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