Classical swine fever virus Erns glycoprotein antagonizes induction of interferon-beta by double-stranded RNA.

Classical swine fever virus (CSFV) is capable of counteracting innate cellular antiviral responses by inhibiting type I interferon (IFN)-alpha/beta induction. A function associated with CSFV N(pro), with respect to the inhibition of IFN-beta production, has been clearly elucidated. In this study, we explored the role of CSFV E(rns) in IFN-beta induction by exogenous double-stranded (ds) RNA.

Enhanced protective immunity against H5N1 influenza virus challenge by vaccination with DNA expressing a chimeric hemagglutinin in combination with an MHC class I-restricted epitope of nucleoprotein in mice.

DNA vaccination is an effective means of eliciting both humoral and cellular immune responses. The hemagglutinin (HA) surface protein of influenza A virus is a major target of protective antibody responses induced by virus infection or by vaccination and is widely considered to be the antigen of choice for an influenza vaccine. Cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) responses directed against the conserved nucleoprotein (NP) are thought to play an important role in clearing virus and promoting survival and recovery from influenza.