A sandwich-type photoelectrochemical sensor constructed with a signal amplification strategy based on the upconversion luminescence characteristics of Ag@NCQDs for sensitive detection of neuron specific enolase.

In this paper, BiS/AgBiS composite nanomaterials and PDA@Ag@N-CQDs were synthesized, and used as substrates and second antibody label respectively to construct a sandwich photoelectrochemical (PEC) sensor. The upconversion luminescence effect of N-CQDs can convert long wavelength light into short wavelength light that can be utilized by the substrate material, which can provide additional excitation light energy for the substrate material and further enhance the photoelectric response. Besides, Ag has SPR effect and can also promote electron transfer.

1,1,2,2-Tetra(4-carboxylphenyl)ethylene-Based Metal-Organic Gel as Aggregation-Induced Electrochemiluminescence Emitter for the Detection of Aflatoxin B1 Based on Nanosurface Energy Transfer.

In this Letter, a sensitive DNA sensing platform was developed using an indium-ion-coordinated 1,1,2,2-tetra(4-carboxylphenyl)ethylene (TPE) metal-organic gel (In-MOG) as an aggregation-induced electrochemiluminescence (AIECL) emitter and nanosurface energy transfer (NSET) as an efficient quenching strategy for detecting aflatoxin B1 (AFB1), the most dangerous food toxin. The coordination occurred in indium ions, and carboxyl groups restricted the internal rotation and vibration of TPE molecules, forcing them to release photons via radiative transitions. The quenchers of microfluidic-produced gold nanoparticles were embedded in a long-tailed triangular DNA structure, where the quenching phenomenon aligned with the theory of ECL-NSET under the overlap of spectra and appropriate donor-acceptor spacing.

Self-powered photochemical cathode aptamer sensor based on ZnInS photoanode and CuO@Ag@AgPO photocathode for the sensitive detection of Hg.

A self-powered photoelectrochemical (PEC) aptamer sensor based on ZnInS as the photoanode and CuO@Ag@AgPO as the sensing cathode is designed for the detection of Hg. An indium tin oxide (ITO) electrode modified with ZnInS was used instead of a platinum (Pt) counter electrode to provide an obviously stable photocurrent signal. The suitable band gap width of ZnInS can generate photogenerated electrons well.

Impact of pilot diesel injection timing on performance and emission characteristics of marine natural gas/diesel dual-fuel engine.

In diesel-ignited natural gas marine dual-fuel engines, the pilot diesel injection timing (PDIT) determines the premixing time and ignition moment of the combustible mixture in the cylinder. The PDIT plays a crucial role in the subsequent development of natural gas flame combustion. In this paper, four PDITs (- 8 °CA, - 6 °CA, - 4 °CA, and - 2 °CA) were studied.

Controlled-Release Electrochemiluminescence Biosensor with Strong Self-On Effect by a Multiple Signal Amplification Strategy for Trace Detection of Prostate-Specific Antigen.

The enhancement of sensitivity in biological analysis detection can reduce the probability of false positives of the biosensor. In this work, a novel self-on controlled-release electrochemiluminescence (CRE) biosensor was designed by multiple signal amplification and framework-enhanced stability strategies. As a result, the changes of the ECL signal were enhanced before and after the controlled-release process, achieving sensitive detection of prostate-specific antigen (PSA).

A Co-Reactive Immunosensor Based on TiCT MXene@TiO-MoS Hybrids Promoting luminol@Au@Ni-Co NCs Electrochemiluminescence for CYFRA 21-1 Detection.

The construction of assays is capable of accurately detecting cytokeratin-19 (CYFRA 21-1), which is critical for the rapid diagnosis of nonsmall cell lung cancer. In this work, a novel electrochemiluminescence (ECL) immunosensor based on the co-reaction promotion of luminol@Au@Ni-Co nanocages (NCs) as ECL probe by TiCT MXene@TiO-MoS hybrids as co-reaction accelerator was proposed to detect CYFRA 21-1. Ni-Co NCs, as a derivative of Prussian blue analogs, can be loaded with large quantities of Au NPs, luminol, and CYFRA 21-1 secondary antibodies due to their high specific surface area.

Magnetic photoelectrochemical sensor array utilizing addressing sensing strategy for simultaneous detection of amyloid-β 42 and microtubule-associated protein tau.

The accurate diagnosis of diseases can be improved by detecting multiple biomarkers simultaneously. This study presents the development of a magnetic photoelectrochemical (PEC) immunosensor array for the simultaneous detection of amyloid-β 42 (Aβ) and microtubule-associated protein (Tau), which are markers for neurodegenerative disorders. A metal-organic framework (MOF) derivative, FeO@FeS magnetic composites with exceptional photoelectric and ferromagnetic properties was synthesized while preserving the original structure and advantages.

Ultrasensitive Detection of SARS-CoV-2 Nucleocapsid Protein Based on Porphyrin-Based Metal-Organic Gels with Highly Efficient Electrochemiluminescence at Low Potential.

Metal-organic gels (MOGs) are a new type of intelligent soft material, which are bridged by metal ions and organic ligands through noncovalent interactions. In this paper, we prepared highly stable P-MOGs, using the classical organic electrochemiluminescence (ECL) luminescence meso-tetra(4-carboxyphenyl)porphine as the organic ligand and Fe as the metal ion. Surprisingly, P-MOGs can stably output ECL signals at a low potential.

Negative Linear Compressibility and Interlayer Gap Closure in Layered Rare-Earth Hydroxyhalide (YCl(OH)) under High Pressure.

Layered materials have attracted extensive attention due to their exceptional physical and chemical properties. Understanding the structural evolution of such materials under high pressure is crucial for the development of new functional materials. In this study, the structure evolution of the synthesized layered rare-earth hydroxyhalide YCl(OH) under high pressures up to approximately 9.

Double-Amplified Electrochemiluminescence Immunoassay Sensor for Highly Sensitive Detection of CA19-9 Using a Ternary Semiconductor CdSSe.

In this paper, an electrochemiluminescence (ECL) immunosensor for ultrasensitive detection of CA19-9 was constructed using ternary compound CdSSe nanoparticles as ECL emitter. The immunosensor employs CuS and gold-doped diindium trioxide (Au-InO) nanocubes as coreaction accelerators to achieve a double-amplification strategy. In general, a hexagonal maple leaf-shaped CuS with a large surface area was selected as the template, and the in situ growth of CdSSe on its surface was achieved using a hydrothermal method.

Ternary electrochemiluminescence quenching effects of CuFeO@PDA-MB towards self-enhanced Ru(dcbpy) functionalized 2D metal-organic layer and application in carcinoembryonic antigen immunosensing.

Background: Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) is a significant glycosylated protein, and the unusual expression of CEA in human serum is used as a tumor marker in the clinical diagnosis of many cancers. Although scientists have reported many ways to detect CEA in recent years, such as electrochemistry, photoelectrochemistry, and fluorescence, their operation is complex and sensitivity is average. Therefore, finding a convenient method to accurately detect CEA is significance for the prevention of malignant tumors.

Magnetically Controlled and Addressable Photoelectrochemical Sensor Array with Self-Calibration for the Label-Free Detection of Amyloid β-Proteins.

A label-free addressable photoelectric immunosensor array was designed for the detection of amyloid β-proteins based on magnetic separation and self-calibration strategies. In this paper, NaTiO with a flower-like morphology was prepared by the hydrothermal method; after continuously combining FeO and CdS, it was endowed with magnetism and better photoelectric activity. Subsequently, a series of reactions occurred in the solution, and the magnetic separation method was used to enrich the target.

A "signal-off" electrochemiluminescence immunosensor based on electron transfer between core-shell emitter Ag@SiO and quencher CeO.

Silver nanoparticles (Ag·NPs) show promising advantages in electrochemiluminescence (ECL) owing to their favorable optical properties and biocompatibility. However, their susceptibility to oxidation and degradation in the presence of air adversely affects ECL intensity. In this study, we employed a sandwich sensing platform using silica-coated silver nanoparticles (Ag@SiO) as a novel luminescent material and cerium dioxide (CeO) as an ECL signal quencher for sensitive neuro-specific enolase (NSE) detection.

Porphyrin-based metal-organic frameworks enhanced electrochemiluminescence (ECL) by overcoming aggregation-caused quenching: A new ECL emitter for the detection of trenbolone.

The development of new electrochemiluminescence (ECL) luminophores has become a hot research topic in the field of ECL. Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) are widely used in ECL sensors due to their excellent ECL performance, high porosity, and abundant surface functional groups. In the work, we developed a cerium-based organic backbone as an ECL luminophor using 5,10,15,20-tetrakis(4-carboxyphenyl)-porphyrin (TCPP) as organic ligand for the detection of trenbolone (TRE).

One master and two servants: One Zr(Ⅳ) with two ligands of TCPP and NH-BDC form the MOF as the electrochemiluminescence emitter for the biosensing application.

Here we put forward an innovative "one master and two servants" strategy for enhancing the ECL performance. A novel ECL luminophore named Zr-TCPP/NH-BDC (TCPP@UiO-66-NH) was synthesized by self-assembly of meso-tetra(4-carboxyphenyl)porphine (TCPP) and 4-aminobenzoic acid (NH-BDC) with Zr clusters. TCPP@UiO-66-NH has a porous structure and a highly ordered structure, which allows the molecular motion of TCPP to be effectively confined, thereby inhibiting nonradiative energy transfer.

Type-I heterojunction destruction by In situ formation of BiS for split-type photoelectrochemical aptasensor.

Development of new strategies in photoelectrochemical (PEC) sensors is an important way to realize sensitive detection of biomolecule. In this study, mesoporous silica nanospheres (MSNs)-assisted split-type PEC aptasensor with in situ generation of BiS was proposed to achieve reliable detection of prostate-specific antigen (PSA). To be more specific, this bioresponsive release system will release large amounts of NaS by the reaction between PSA and aptamer that capped NaS-loading MSNs.

Facile preparation of poly-(styrene-co-maleic anhydride) encapsulated Iridium(III) complexes as highly efficient electrochemiluminescence indicators for sensitive immunoassay of CYFRA 21-1.

Exploring facile strategy for developing highly efficient emitters using water-insoluble luminophores has become a vital topic in electrochemiluminescence (ECL) immunoassay. In this work, an ECL-active and water-dispersive iridium(III) complex-based polymer dots (IrPdots) was fabricated by encapsulating water-insoluble tris[1-phenylisoquinolinato-C2, N] iridium(III) complexes [Ir(piq)] into poly-(styrene-co-maleic anhydride) (PSMA) matrix by a controllable nanoprecipitation process. The obtained IrPdots generated strong ECL signals in the presence of tri-n-propylamine (TPrA) and were used to label detection antibody (Ab) to act as ECL probes to indicate the signal changes when analyzing target antigen.

A photoelectrochemical sensor for Hg detection with enhanced cathodic photocurrent via BiOI/BiS photoanode of self-sacrifice.

Due to the inherent merits of the anodic photoelectrochemical (PEC) sensor, it was widely utilized in the field of analytical chemistry. However, it must be noted that the anodic PEC sensor was susceptible to interference in practical applications. The situation with the cathodic PEC sensor was exactly the opposite.

Aggregation-Induced Electrochemiluminescence Frame of Silica-Confined Tetraphenylethylene Derivative Matrixes for CD44 Detection via Peptide Recognition.

The theory of aggregation-induced electrochemiluminescence (AIECL) has introduced new vitality into preparing new electrochemiluminescence (ECL) emitters. However, the progress in the application of biosensing analysis has been slow owing to the lack of AIECL-based functional nanomaterials. Herein, a biosensor was fabricated using mesoporous silica nanosphere (MSN) matrix-confined 1,1,2,2-tetra(4-carboxylphenyl)ethylene (TPE) as a well-ordered ECL emitter and self-designed WHPWSYC (WC-7) heptapeptide as the target capturer for CD44 detection.

Controlled Growth of MoS on Dendritic Ferric Oxide to Enhance Electrochemiluminescence of Nitrogen-Doped Carbon Quantum Dots for Sensitive Immunoassay.

The essential expansion of electrochemiluminescence (ECL) technology into clinical detection relies on sensitive and stable signal and maintenance of the activity of the immune molecules during the analysis. This poses a critical challenge for an ECL biosensor as a luminophore in general requires high potential excitation resulting in a strong ECL signal; nevertheless, it has an irreversible effect on the activity of the antigen or antibody. Herein, a novel electrochemiluminescence (ECL) biosensor utilizing nitrogen-doped carbon quantum dots (N-CQDs) as emitters and molybdenum sulfide/ferric oxide (MoS@FeO) nanocomposites as a coreaction accelerator was developed for detection of neuron-specific enolase (NSE), a biomarker of small cell lung cancer.

Polyacrylic acid/polyethylene glycol hybrid antifouling interface for photoelectrochemical immunosensing of NSE based on ZnO/CdSe.

In this paper, a novel photoelectrochemical (PEC) immunosensor based on ZnO/CdSe semiconductor composite material was constructed to detect neuron-specific enolase (NSE) in a super-sensitive and quantitative way. The antifouling interface composed of polyacrylic acid (PAA) and polyethylene glycol (PEG) can prevent non-specific proteins from adhering to the electrode surface. As an electron donor, ascorbic acid (AA) can increase the photocurrent's stability and intensity by clearing away photogenerated holes.

Highly Efficient Signal On/Off Electrochemiluminescence Gel Aptasensor Based on a Controlled Release Strategy for the Sensitive Detection of Prostate Specific Antigen.

The controlled release strategy can make the constructed sensor have the function of self-on/off, which has an obvious effect on improving the sensitivity in immunoassays. Metal organic gels (MOGs) are the most noteworthy. They are materials with ultrahigh surface area, highly dispersed atomical metal sites, and well-defined porosity and can be used as an efficient luminophore to cause the developed sensor to have good hydrophilicity and adjustability, thus further improving the detection sensitivity.

CuO@PdAg-quenched CdS@CeO heterostructure electrochemiluminescence immunosensor for determination of prostate-specific antigen.

Based on the resonance energy transfer between CdS@CeO and CuO@PdAg, a quenching immunosensor for sensitive detection of prostate specific antigen (PSA) was constructed. The CdS@CeO heterostructure was obtained by in situ growth of CeO particles on the surface of CdS nanorods, and stable cathodic ECL emission was achieved using KSO as coreactant. CuO@PdAg was composed of CuO with tetradecahedral structure and bimetallic PdAg nanospheres and has a UV-V is absorption range between 600 and 800 nm.