Effects of food waste mulch on the physicochemical quality and fungal community diversities of desert soil in Southeast Iran.

In semi-arid and arid regions, mulching with various materials is one of the highly significant ways to keep soil surface coverage. This approach helps efficiently reduce drought stress and soil erosion, thus preserving soil composition and ecosystem. The research aimed to pinpoint the physicochemical alterations and fungal diversity brought on by food waste mulch (FWM) in the desert soil.

Critical resistance to carbapenem and aminoglycosides in Pseudomonas aeruginosa: spread of bla/16S methylase armA harboring isolates with intrinsic resistance mechanisms in Kerman, Iran.

Background: Carbapenem-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa (CRPA) is one of the main Gram-negative bacterium causes of infections in hospital settings, and the spread of them is a significant challenge to public health.

Methods: A total of 30 non-duplicate isolates of CRPA were collected. Antibacterial susceptibility of isolates to antibiotic agents, AmpC β-lactamase production, and biofilm formation were determined.

Identification and comparison of intestinal microbial diversity in patients at different stages of hepatic cystic echinococcosis.

There is a significant focus on the role of the host microbiome in different outcomes of human parasitic diseases, including cystic echinococcosis (CE). This study was conducted to identify the intestinal microbiome of patients with CE at different stages of hydatid cyst compared to healthy individuals. Stool samples from CE patients as well as healthy individuals were collected.

Resveratrol and 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D decrease Lingo-1 levels, and improve behavior in harmaline-induced Essential tremor, suggesting potential therapeutic benefits.

Essential tremor (ET) is a neurological disease that impairs motor and cognitive functioning. A variant of the Lingo-1 genetic locus is associated with a heightened ET risk, and increased expression of cerebellar Lingo-1. Lingo-1 has been associated with neurodegenerative processes; however, neuroprotection from ET-associated degeneration can be conferred by the protein Sirt1.

The emergence of carbapenem-resistance and New Delhi metallo-β-lactamase-1 () among spp. in Kerman, Iran.

Background And Objectives: species (spp) are the most prevalent zoonotic pathogens that cause outbreaks of gastroenteritis worldwide. Therefore evaluation of the profile of antibiotic resistance, virulence factors, and plasmid replicon types in these bacteria is necessary to control and prevent the spread of potentially pathogenic and drug-resistant strains.

Materials And Methods: This study was performed on 39 spp.

Green synthesis of Ag and Cu-doped Bismuth oxide nanoparticles: Revealing synergistic antimicrobial and selective cytotoxic potentials for biomedical advancements.

Background: Nanotechnology has emerged as a transformative realm of exploration across diverse scientific domains. A particular focus lies on metal oxide nanoparticles, which boast distinctive physicochemical attributes on the nanoscale. Of note, green synthesis has emerged as a promising avenue, leveraging plant extracts as both reduction and capping agents.

Niosome as an Effective Nanoscale Solution for the Treatment of Microbial Infections.

Numerous disorders go untreated owing to a lack of a suitable drug delivery technology or an appropriate therapeutic moiety, particularly when toxicities and side effects are a major concern. Treatment options for microbiological infections are not fulfilled owing to significant adverse effects or extended therapeutic options. Advanced therapy options, such as active targeting, may be preferable to traditional ways of treating infectious diseases.

The frequency of adherence, biofilm-associated, Arginine Catabolic Mobile element genes, and biofilm formation in clinical and healthcare worker coagulase-negative staphylococci isolates.

Background: Healthcare workers may pave the way for increased infections in hospitalized patients by coagulase-negative staphylococci (CoNS). Biofilm formation and antibiotic resistance are the major problems posed by CoNS in nosocomial infections. In this study, we determined biofilm production level and the distribution of biofilm-associated and virulence genes, including icaADBC, aap, bhp, atlE, embp, and fbe, as well as IS256, IS257, mecA, and ACME clusters (arc-A, opp-3AB) among 114 clinical (n = 57) and healthcare workers (n = 57) CoNS isolates in Kerman, Iran.

Molecular discrimination and antifungal susceptibility profile of cryptic complex species isolated from patients in Iran.

Background And Objectives: complex species are well known as the main cause of candidiasis, particularly among susceptible individuals. In this study, we report the genetic diversity of spp. and the antifungal susceptibility pattern of the cryptic complex isolates in Kerman, Iran.

Antimicrobial and Antibiofilm Effects of Combinatorial Treatment Formulations of Anti-Inflammatory Drugs-Common Antibiotics against Pathogenic Bacteria.

With the spread of multi-drug-resistant (MDR) bacteria and the lack of effective antibiotics to treat them, developing new therapeutic methods and strategies is essential. In this study, we evaluated the antibacterial and antibiofilm activity of different formulations composed of ibuprofen (IBP), acetylsalicylic acid (ASA), and dexamethasone sodium phosphate (DXP) in combination with ciprofloxacin (CIP), gentamicin (GEN), cefepime (FEP), imipenem (IPM), and meropenem (MEM) on clinical isolates of () and () as well as the transcription levels of biofilm-associated genes in the presence of sub-MICs of IBP, ASA, and DXP. The minimal inhibitory concentrations (MICs), minimal biofilm inhibitory concentrations (MBICs), and minimum biofilm eradication concentrations (MBECs) of CIP, GEN, FEP, IPM, and MEM with/without sub-MICs of IBP (200 µg/mL), ASA (200 µg/mL), and DXP (500 µg/mL) for the clinical isolates were determined by the microbroth dilution method.

Recent Advances in Nanotechnology for the Management of -Related Infections.

is an important human pathogen that causes diseases such as urinary tract infections, pneumonia, bloodstream infections, bacteremia, and sepsis. The rise of multidrug-resistant strains has severely limited the available treatments for infections. On the other hand, activity (and related infections) urgently requires improved management strategies.

Investigation of SARS-CoV-2 Genome in the Indoor Air and High-Touch Surfaces.

This study aimed to investigate the presence/absence of SARS-CoV-2 genome in the air and high-touch surfaces. This cross-sectional study was conducted from late-2020 to mid-2021 in the sections of Intensive Care Unit (ICU), emergency, infectious disease ward, and nursing station of the COVID-19 patient reception center in Kerman, Iran. The presence/absence of SARS-CoV-2 genome in the 60 samples of high-touch surfaces and 23 air samples was analyzed by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR).

The role of SARS-CoV-2 accessory proteins in immune evasion.

Many questions on the SARS-CoV-2 pathogenesis remain to answer. The SARS-CoV-2 genome encodes some accessory proteins that are essential for infection. Notably, accessory proteins of SARS-CoV-2 play significant roles in affecting immune escape and viral pathogenesis.

Nanomaterials in the Management of Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections.

The exploration of multiplexed bacterial virulence factors is a major problem in the early stages of infection therapy. Traditional methods for detecting (, such as serological experiments, immunoassays, polymerase chain reaction, and isothermal microcalorimetry have some drawbacks. As a result, detecting in a timely, cost-effective, and sensitive manner is critical for various areas of human safety and health.

Biofilm formation and molecular analysis of intercellular adhesion gene cluster among strains isolated from children with adenoiditis.

Background And Objectives: It is well known that biofilm plays an important role in adenoiditis and biofilm resistance frequently results in failure of therapy. The goal of this study was to evaluate the biofilm production of isolates obtained from adenoid specimens and assess the relationship between biofilm formation ability and operon genes.

Materials And Methods: A total of 112 adenoid samples were obtained from patients under 15 years old with adenoid hypertrophy.

Determination of incompatibility group plasmids and copy number of the gene in carbapenem-resistant strains recovered from different hospitals in Kerman, Iran.

New Delhi metallo-β-lactamase (NDM)-producing has become a serious global health concern. Due to the high genetic diversity among NDM-positive we need further surveillance and studies to better understand the relationships between them. In addition, the coexistence of several plasmid replicon types in NDM-positive may affect the copy number of , the MIC level to antibiotics, as well as increasing the chance of horizontal gene transfer.

The removal of tetracycline with biogenic CeO nanoparticles in combination with US/PMS process from aqueous solutions: kinetics and mechanism.

Antibiotics have received great attention because of their abuse and potential hazards to the human health and environment. In the current work, peroxymonosulfate (PMS) was added to a cerium oxide (CeO)/ultrasonic (US) system for tetracycline (TC) degradation. CeO nanoparticles (NPs) were synthesized by a simple and cost-effective method using Stevia rebaudiana leaf extract and cerium nitrate as precursors.

Dissemination of different sequence types lineages harboring among uropathogenic in Kerman, Iran.

Objectives: is one of the most important causes of urinary tract infections (UTIs). The aim of this study was to determine antimicrobial resistance, resistance and virulence genes; phylogenetic groups and identify the epidemiologic features of uropathogenic (UPEC) isolates by multilocus sequence typing (MLST).

Materials And Methods: One hundred isolates of from inpatients with UTIs were collected in Kerman, Iran.

Comparison five primer sets from different genome region of COVID-19 for detection of virus infection by conventional RT-PCR.

Background And Objectives: The new beta-coronavirus, which caused Severe Acute Respiratory Coronavirus-2 Syndrome (SARS-CoV-2), a major respiratory outbreak in Wuhan, China in December 2019, is now prevalent in many countries around the world. Identifying PCR-based viruses is a well-known and relatively stable protocol. Unfortunately, the high mutation rates may lead to widespread changes in viral nucleic acid sequences, and so using specific primers for PCR can be recommended.

Reducing Effect of Cloxacillin on Minimum Inhibitory Concentrations to Imipenem, Meropenem, Ceftazidime, and Cefepime in Carbapenem-resistant Isolates.

Today, resistance to antibacterial agents is the most important problem facing public health. is a common gram-negative bacterium and an important cause of nosocomial infections. Resistance to many antibiotics in strains of isolated from hospital settings such as cephalosporins and carbapenems have been recently reported.

Determining spa-type of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) via high-resolution melting (HRM) analysis, Shiraz, Iran.

Objectives: Molecular typing methods are useful for rapid detection and control of a disease. Recently, the use of high-resolution melting (HRM) for spa typing of MRSA isolates were reported. This technique is rapid, inexpensive and simple for genotyping and mutation screening in DNA sequence.

Virulence Factors, Capsular Serotypes and Antimicrobial Resistance of Hypervirulent and Classical in Southeast Iran.

Background: The present study was conducted to investigate the distribution of virulence factors, capsular serotypes and antibiotic resistance properties of classical (cKP) and hypermucoviscous/hypervirulent (hvKP) isolated from different clinical specimens in Kerman, south-east of Iran.

Materials And Methods: A total of 146 isolates were obtained from different clinical specimens. HvKP isolates were identified using the string test.

Characterization of SCCmec, spa types and Multi Drug Resistant of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus isolates among inpatients and outpatients in a referral hospital in Shiraz, Iran.

Objectives: Molecular typing such as spa typing is used to control and prevent Staphylococcus aureus widespread in hospitals and communities. Hence, the aim of this study was to find the most common types of S. aureus strain circulating in Shiraz via spa and SCCmec typing methods.

Identification of spp. isolated from oral mucosa in patients with leukemias and lymphomas in Iran.

Background And Objectives: Oral candidiasis is a serious problem for immunocompromised patients, especially patients with hematological malignancies. After becoming a systemic candidiasis it is difficult to diagnose, control and treat in individuals with hematological malignancies. The aim of this study was to diagnose candidiasis in the oral mucosa of patients with leukemias and lymphomas in a timely manner in order to prevent their progression to systemic candidiasis.

Molecular analysis and antimicrobial resistance pattern of distinct strains of isolated from cystic fibrosis patients in Iran.

Background And Objectives: Colonization of in Cystic Fibrosis (CF) patients may lead to severe pulmonary disease and death. Different characteristics of from these patients were determined in the present study.

Materials And Methods: Antimicrobial susceptibility and AmpC-overproduction were determined.