Pan-inhibition of super-enhancer-driven oncogenic transcription by next-generation synthetic ecteinascidins yields potent anti-cancer activity.

The plasticity of cancer cells facilitates their ability to adopt heterogeneous differentiation states, posing a significant challenge to therapeutic interventions. Specific gene expression programs, driven in part by super-enhancers (SEs), underlie cancer cell states. Here we successfully inhibit SE-driven transcription in phenotypically distinct metastatic melanoma cells using next-generation synthetic ecteinascidins.

Pharmacy Integrated Transitions (PIT) trial: a protocol for a pragmatic cluster-randomised crossover trial.

Introduction: Ineffective coordination during care transitions from hospitals to skilled nursing facilities (SNFs) costs Medicare US$2.8-US$3.4 billion annually and results in avoidable adverse events.

Vaginal drainage of semen in underwear: A forensic study.

The UK and Ireland Association of Forensic Science Providers' (AFSP) Body Fluid Forum (BFF) conducted this research to investigate the occurrence of seminal fluid draining from the vagina onto underwear worn after penile-vaginal sexual intercourse with internal ejaculation. This study shows the differing effects of the female being either supine or upright and active on possible patterns of seminal staining on underwear, and the effect of time since intercourse on the deposition of seminal fluid on underwear in a limited study. Here, we demonstrate that post vaginal intercourse different distributions of semen staining can be observed on underwear.

Exploring past research to move forward: a scoping review of aims, outcomes, and recommendations in parental mental illness qualitative research.

Introduction: As parental mental illness is a global public health concern, rigorous qualitative research is central to understanding families' experiences, needs and outcomes to inform optimal service provision in adult mental health and children's social services.

Methods: The current review identified, appraised and synthesized international qualitative research exploring Families and Parent Mental Illness (FaPMI) research to determine the focus, findings and outcomes and to summarize the recommendations made about the direction of future research. Findings are classified according to outcomes for children, parents, and families.

The transfer of spermatozoa onto children's underwear during normal domestic laundering activities.

In cases of sexual assaults involving children, biological evidence such as semen is often found on clothes rather than on intimate swabs. Two cases involving young girls were submitted to one of the AFSP BFF forensic science laboratories instigating further research into the background levels of semen on children's underwear after being laundered, without sexual acts occurring. This study considered the potential for background levels of semen in the washing machine and the levels of semen transferred with varying laundry storage and washing arrangements.

Manipulating a host-native microbial strain compensates for low microbial diversity by increasing weight gain in a wild bird population.

Empirical studies from laboratory systems and humans show that the gut microbiota is linked to host health. Similar evidence for effects on traits linked to fitness in nature is rare, not least because experimentally manipulating the gut microbiota is challenging. We isolated, characterized, and cultured a bacterial strain, APC4233, directly from a wild bird (the great tit ) and provided it as a self-administered dietary supplement.

Temperature dependence of regional heterothermy in a diminutive ectotherm.

Regional heterothermy describes when body regions differ in temperature, which can have important ramifications for performance because most biological processes are temperature dependent. However, the relationship between regional heterothermy and environmental temperature is not well known, particularly for ectotherms. The relationship between environmental heterogeneity and regional heterothermy might also yield insight into how the latter is regulated.

Barriers and incentives influencing the use of partograph in Nigeria: A comprehensive review.

This comprehensive review examines the barriers and incentives influencing the use of partographs in maternal healthcare within Nigeria. Maternal mortality remains a critical concern in the country, making it imperative to evaluate the factors that shape the adoption of essential tools like the partograph. The literature review underscores the global significance of partograph utilization, emphasizing its role in improving maternal outcomes.

Auranofin is lethal against feline Tritrichomonas foetus in vitro but ineffective in cats with naturally occurring infection.

Protozoal diarrhea caused by Tritrichomonas foetus (blagburni) is a prevalent, lifelong, and globally distributed burden in domestic cats. Treatment is limited to the use of 5-nitroimidazoles and treatment failure is common. The repurposed gold salt compound auranofin has killing activity against diverse protozoa in vitro but evidence of efficacy in naturally occurring protozoal infections is lacking.

Functional Connectivity Favors Aberrant Visual Network c-Fos Expression Accompanied by Cortical Synapse Loss in a Mouse Model of Alzheimer's Disease.

Background: While Alzheimer's disease (AD) has been extensively studied with a focus on cognitive networks, visual network dysfunction has received less attention despite compelling evidence of its significance in AD patients and mouse models. We recently reported c-Fos and synaptic dysregulation in the primary visual cortex of a pre-amyloid plaque AD-model.

Objective: We test whether c-Fos expression and presynaptic density/dynamics differ in cortical and subcortical visual areas in an AD-model.

Summarising Quantitative Outcomes in Parental Mental Illness Research.

A quarter of all children grow up in a family where a parent experiences a mental illness (FaPMI). Research activity in this area is growing rapidly and it is now critical to better understand the extant knowledge in the field. This scoping review of quantitative FaPMI literature parallels a qualitative literature review and a series of Delphi studies with key stakeholders (e.

Parental physical activity, parental mental health, children's physical activity, and children's mental health.

Introduction: The benefits of physical activity for mental health and well-being and the associations between parental mental health and children's mental health have been well established. These important issues tend to be examined separately however, and there is limited research on the associations between parent and child physical activity and mental health when all considered together. While family focused practice is recommended to provide support for parents who have mental health problems and their families and includes various components (such as psychoeducation, support for mental health and parenting), promoting physical activity for parents and children is not usually a core component of these interventions.

Prophylactic somatostatin analogs for postoperative pancreatic fistulas: a cross-sectional survey of AHPBA surgeons.

Background: Postoperative pancreatic fistulas lead to substantially increased morbidity, mortality, and healthcare costs after pancreatectomy. Studies have reported conflicting data on the role of prophylactic somatostatin analogs in the reduction of postoperative pancreatic fistula. Current practice patterns, surgeon beliefs, and barriers to using these drugs in the Americas is not known.

Episodic-like memory in wild free-living blue tits and great tits.

Episodic-like memory in non-human animals represents the behavioral characteristics of human episodic memory-the ability to mentally travel backward in time to "re-live" past experiences. A focus on traditional model species of episodic-like memory may overlook taxa possessing this cognitive ability and consequently its evolution across species. Experiments conducted in the wild have the potential to broaden the scope of episodic-like memory research under the natural conditions in which they evolved.

Social support and trauma experiences of imprisoned men in Northern Ireland.

Background: Social Support has multiple benefits for health and mental wellbeing. Its existence, and the extent to which it can be beneficial, is dependent upon the context in which it is provided, and the recipients' view of it. Social support has long been established as a 'buffer' to the negative impact of stressful life experiences.

A Scoping Review of Mental Health and Wellbeing Outcome Measures for Children and Young People: Implications for Children in Out-of-home Care.

Purpose: One of the challenges for mental health research is the lack of an agreed set of outcome measures that are used routinely and consistently between disciplines and across studies in order to build a more robust evidence base for how to better understand young people's mental health and effectively address diverse needs.

Methods: This study involved a scoping review of reviews on consensus of the use of mental health and wellbeing measures with children and young people. We were particularly interested to identify if there are differences in measures that are recommended for children and young people with care experience including those with developmental disabilities.

Prevalence and risk factors of parental mental health problems: A cross-sectional study.

An understanding of the prevalence and risk factors of parental mental health problems is important for early intervention and prevention measures and shaping services for parents and their children. However, large representative surveys of parental mental health problems and associated risk factors are lacking. The aim of this study was to estimate prevalence rates of parental mental health problems using a standardised measure of psychiatric morbidity (General Health Questionnaire; GHQ-12), in a representative sample of parents and caregivers of children and young people (2-19 years) in Northern Ireland.

Antibiotic-altered gut microbiota explain host memory plasticity and disrupt pace-of-life covariation for an aquatic snail.

There is mounting evidence that intestinal microbiota communities and their genes (the gut microbiome) influence how animals behave and interact with their environment, driving individual variation. Individual covariation in behavioural, physiological, and cognitive traits among individuals along a fast-slow continuum is thought to arise because these traits are linked as part of an adaptive pace-of-life strategy. Yet paradoxically, trait intercorrelation is absent or disrupted in some populations but not others.

Fast, Efficient, Catalyst-Free Epoxidation of Butyl Rubber Using Oxone/Acetone for Improved Filler Dispersion.

Incorporation of a polar filler such as silica into a nonpolar rubber matrix is challenging and energy consuming due to their large difference in polarity. Epoxidation of carbon-carbon double bonds in unsaturated rubber, especially for rubber with low unsaturation such as butyl rubber, is an effective method to introduce polar functional groups to the rubber macromolecules for better filler dispersion. Although different epoxidation reagents including hydrogen peroxide (HO), peracid, and meta-chloroperoxybenzoic acid (mCPBA) have been previously reported, these reagents have different drawbacks.

A P2RY12 deficiency results in sex-specific cellular perturbations and sexually dimorphic behavioral anomalies.

Microglia are sexually dimorphic, yet, this critical aspect is often overlooked in neuroscientific studies. Decades of research have revealed the dynamic nature of microglial-neuronal interactions, but seldom consider how this dynamism varies with microglial sex differences, leaving a significant gap in our knowledge. This study focuses on P2RY12, a highly expressed microglial signature gene that mediates microglial-neuronal interactions, we show that adult females have a significantly higher expression of the receptor than adult male microglia.

International Perspectives on Mental Health Social Work: Second Edition.

Writing this Editorial for our second collection of papers on "International Perspectives on Mental Health Social Work", we reflected upon the content of our First Edition [...

An agenda for future research regarding the mental health of young people with care experience.

Young people who are currently or were previously in state care have consistently been found to have much higher rates of mental health and neurodevelopmental difficulties than the general youth population. While a number of high-quality reviews highlight what research has been undertaken in relation to the mental health of young people with care experience and the gaps in our knowledge and understanding, there is, until now, no consensus, so far as we aware, as to where our collective research efforts should be directed with this important group. Through a series of UK wide workshops, we undertook a consultative process to identify an agreed research agenda between those with lived experience of being in care ( = 15), practitioners, policy makers and researchers ( = 59), for future research regarding the mental health of young people with care experience, including those who are neurodiverse/have a neurodevelopmental difficulty.