Resazurin dye is an in vivo sensor of kidney tubular function.

Glomerular filtration rate (GFR) is the main functional index of kidney health and disease. Currently, no methods are available to directly measure tubular mass and function. Here, we report a serendipitous finding that the in vitro cell viability dye resazurin can be used in mice as an exogenous sensor of tubular function.

Tranexamic acid in hip and spine surgery for children with cerebral palsy - a PRISMA-compliant scoping review.

Many children with cerebral palsy (CP) are frail and require major hip and/or spine surgeries associated with substantial blood loss. Tranexamic acid (TXA) is commonly used to reduce blood loss, but there is uncertainty around the optimal dose and timing of administration. There have been reviews in sub-populations and specific dosing regimens, but a broad overview of the available literature is lacking.

Novel Method for Measuring Ambient Heat Exposure-Acute Healthcare Utilization Associations Within a Safety Net: A Retrospective, Longitudinal Study.

Background: Extreme and inequitable heat exposures cause weather-related deaths. Associations between maximum daily temperature and individual-level healthcare utilization have been inadequately characterized.

Objective: To evaluate and compare demographic and clinical associations for an individual's healthcare utilization between high- and low-temperature periods.

Protocol for an embedded randomised controlled trial of Early versus Late Stopping of Antibiotics in children with Febrile Neutropenia (ELSA-FN).

In children with cancer, febrile neutropenia (FN) is one of the most common complications of treatment, a leading cause of unplanned and prolonged hospital admission and is the key driver of antibiotic exposure. Co-designed with key stakeholders, 'Early versus Late Stopping of Antibiotics in high-risk FN' (ELSA-FN) is a randomised controlled, non-inferiority trial that compares stopping antibiotics in clinically stable patients after 48 hours with the current standard of care, continuing antibiotics until absolute neutrophil recovery. As an Australian first, we will exploit the potential of electronic medical record (EMR) systems, embedding all key aspects of the trial including screening, consent, randomisation and data collection into standard clinical and EMR workflows.

Using ICD Codes Alone May Misclassify Overdoses Among Perinatal People.

Introduction: As perinatal drug overdoses continue to rise, reliable approaches are needed to monitor overdose trends during pregnancy and postpartum. This analysis aimed to determine the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), and negative predictive value (NPV) of ICD-9/10-CM codes for drug overdose events among people in the MATernaL and Infant clinical NetworK (MAT-LINK) with medication for opioid use disorder (MOUD) during pregnancy.

Methods: People included in this analysis had electronic health record (EHR) documentation of MOUD and a known pregnancy outcome from January 1, 2014 through August 31, 2021.

Impact of shallow hydrothermal vent waters on monsoonal copepod distribution and abundance around active volcanic island off northeast Taiwan, West Pacific.

Extreme oceanic environments such as shallow hydrothermal vents (HVs) have rarely been investigated with respect to their impact on the water column and its organisms, such as zooplankton. We collected mesozooplankton from the near shore shallow HV areas off northeast Taiwan during three distinct monsoonal periods in 2022. The results showed the occurrence of 99 copepod species belonging to 24 families and 49 genera from a one-year study.

The impact of immune-related adverse events on survival outcomes in a racially diverse population, with a focus on non-Hispanic Black patients.

Introduction: The development of immune-related adverse events (irAEs) has been associated with improved survival outcomes in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, this association's extent across race and ethnicity remains uncertain. We evaluated the association between the development of irAEs and treatment outcomes across racially diverse groups treated at a safety net hospital.

Hematology, Plasma Biochemistry, Protein Electrophoresis, and Pathogen Surveillance in Headstarted and Wild-Reared Populations of Blanding's Turtles (Emydoidea blandingii) in Three Northern Illinois, USA, Counties.

Blanding's turtles (Emydoidea blandingii) are a species of conservation concern throughout their natural range. Headstarting is a common chelonian conservation technique in which neonates are reared in managed-care settings before release, but health assessments are rarely incorporated. From 2020 to 2021 we assessed headstarted turtle health pre-release and 1 mo, 1 yr, and 2 yr after release using physical examination, hematology, plasma biochemistry, protein electrophoresis, and pathogen detection.

Historical Summary of Tick and Animal Surveillance Studies for Lyme Disease in Canada, 1975-2023: A Scoping Review.

Introduction: Lyme disease (LD) is caused by infection with the bacteria Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato (Bb) through the bite of an infected Ixodes spp. tick. LD has emerged as a public and animal health issue in Canada, with human incidence increasing in part due to the expansion of Ixodes scapularis ticks and their vertebrate hosts.

Pediatric Facial Fractures: A Multi-Institutional Level 1 Trauma Center Analysis of Incidence, Interventions, and Outcomes.

Study Design: Retrospective chart review.

Objective: The management of pediatric facial fractures presents distinctive considerations compared to adults. This study aims to provide a unique perspective on the correlations between the mechanism of injury, types of facial fractures, and fracture interventions and management utilized in 2 North Carolina Level 1 Trauma Centers to determine the optimal management options for this patient population.

The Impact of Socioeconomic Status on Pediatric Facial Trauma.

Study Design: Retrospective chart review.

Objective: Socioeconomic status (SES) greatly impacts one's health status and the type of trauma that a patient experiences due to increased risk of exposure and varying availability of resources to treat emergent conditions. There is a need for large-scale databases of pediatric facial trauma to identify discrepancies in occurrence and identify risk factors.

Neurodevelopmental Outcomes After Multiple General Anaesthetic Exposure Before Five Years Of Age - A Cohort Study.

Background: The GAS trial demonstrated evidence that most neurodevelopmental outcomes at 2 years and 5 years of age in infants who received a single general anaesthetic (GA) for elective inguinal herniorrhaphy were clinically equivalent when compared to infants who did not receive GA. More than 20% of the children in the trial had at least one subsequent anaesthetic exposure after their initial surgery. Using the GAS database, this study aimed to address whether multiple (2 or more) GA exposures compared to one or no GA exposure in early childhood were associated with worse neurodevelopmental outcomes at 5 years.

Virtual reality for routine immunisations in needle phobic children with and without developmental disabilities: A pilot study.

Unlabelled: Virtual reality for routine immunisations in needle phobic children with and without developmental disabilities: a pilot study.

Background: Virtual Reality (VR) headsets can improve needle procedure success and experiences for children, but they have not been evaluated to support immunisation in children with anxiety and behavioural challenges. This study assessed the feasibility and acceptability of VR for immunisation in children with needle phobia, including children with and without developmental disabilities.

Chewing gum to treat postoperative nausea and vomiting in female patients: a multicenter randomized trial.

Background: Postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) is common after general anesthesia, with consequences for patient outcomes, satisfaction with care and healthcare costs. Our aim was to compare a new treatment, chewing gum, with a widely-used intravenous agent, ondansetron, to treat PONV in female patients in the post anesthesia care unit (PACU).

Methods: We conducted a multicenter, randomized, controlled non-inferiority trial in 17 hospitals in Australia and New Zealand.

Deep Learning Segmentation of Chromogenic Dye RNAscope From Breast Cancer Tissue.

RNAscope staining of breast cancer tissue allows pathologists to deduce genetic characteristics of the cancer by inspection at the microscopic level, which can lead to better diagnosis and treatment. Chromogenic RNAscope staining is easy to fit into existing pathology workflows, but manually analyzing the resulting tissue samples is time consuming. There is also a lack of peer-reviewed, performant solutions for automated analysis of chromogenic RNAscope staining.

Familial Mediterranean Fever in Pregnancy.

Importance: Though the incidence of familial Mediterranean fever (FMF) in pregnancy is rare, understanding the etiology and symptomatology of FMF is essential for obstetric treatment of patients with FMF.

Objective: Familial Mediterranean fever is a hereditary periodic fever syndrome that has unique obstetric considerations. Familial Mediterranean fever is typically characterized by recurrent episodes of high-grade fevers, pleuritis/pericarditis, and arthritis lasting 1-3 days with complete recovery seen in between episodes.

The Cancer Patient Empowerment Program: A Comprehensive Approach to Reducing Psychological Distress in Cancer Survivors, with Insights from a Mixed-Model Analysis, Including Implications for Breast Cancer Patients.

Background/objectives: Psychological distress is a significant concern among cancer patients, negatively affecting their quality of life and adherence to treatment. The Cancer Patient Empowerment Program (CancerPEP) was developed as a comprehensive, home-based intervention aimed at reducing psychological distress by incorporating physical activity, dietary guidance, and social support. This study aimed to evaluate the feasibility, accrual and attrition rates, safety, and effectiveness of the CancerPEP intervention, with and without the biofeedback device, on psychological distress from baseline to 6 months, specifically focusing on the effects of group randomization and the difference between pre- and post-intervention results.

The transfer of spermatozoa onto children's underwear during normal domestic laundering activities.

In cases of sexual assaults involving children, biological evidence such as semen is often found on clothes rather than on intimate swabs. Two cases involving young girls were submitted to one of the AFSP BFF forensic science laboratories instigating further research into the background levels of semen on children's underwear after being laundered, without sexual acts occurring. This study considered the potential for background levels of semen in the washing machine and the levels of semen transferred with varying laundry storage and washing arrangements.