Microfractures and hydrogel scaffolds in the treatment of osteochondral knee defects: A clinical and histological evaluation.

Background: Osteochondral knee defects (OCD) are often symptomatic, causing pain and functional impairment even in young and active patients. Regenerative surgical options, aiming to stimulate natural cartilage healing, have been recently used as a first line treatment. In this study, a new hydrogel is investigated in its capacity to regenerate the ultra-structural quality of hyaline cartilage when combined with a classical microfracture technique.

Opening-wedge high tibial osteotomy: a seven - to twelve-year study.

Purpose: medial opening-wedge osteotomy is a widely performed procedure used to treat moderate isolated medial knee osteoarthritis. Historically, the literature has contained reports showing satisfactory mid-term results when accurate patient selection and precise surgical techniques were applied. This study was conducted to investigate the clinical and radiographic seven- to twelve-year results of opening-wedge high tibial osteotomy in a consecutive series of patients affected by varus knee malalignment with isolated medial compartment degenerative joint disease.