Carbapenems are a group of broad-spectrum beta-lactam antibiotics that in many cases are the last effective defense against infections caused by multidrug-resistant bacteria, such as some strains of , , and Resistance to carbapenems has emerged and is beginning to spread, becoming an ongoing public-health problem of global dimensions, causing serious outbreaks, and dramatically limiting treatment options. This paper reviews the role of flavin monooxygenases in antibiotic resistance, with a specific focus on carbapenem resistance and the recently discovered mechanism mediated by Baeyer-Villiger monooxygenases. Flavin monooxygenases are enzymes involved in the metabolism and detoxification of compounds, including antibiotics.
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