Incidental prostate cancer after transurethral resection of the prostate: analysis of incidence and risk factors in 458 patients.

Background: The aim of this study is to evaluate the incidence and risk factors of incidental prostate cancer (IPCA) in a contemporary cohort of lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) patients who underwent trans-urethral resection of the prostate (TURP).

Methods: A series of 458 consecutive patients who underwent TURP were evaluated between January 2016 to June 2018. Evaluated factors included age (years), Body Mass Index (BMI; kg/square meters), treatment with inhibitors of 5-alpha reductase, previous prostate biopsies, basal prostate specific antigen (PSA) levels (ng/mL), serum leukocyte count (×10/L), weight of resected prostate tissue (grams), grade and stage of IPCA.

Positive Association between Preoperative Total Testosterone and Lymph Node Invasion in Intermediate Risk Prostate Cancer.

Introduction: Prostate cancer (PCa) patients who are classified into the intermediate risk category represent a heterogeneous population needing further preoperative risk assessment.

Objectives: To evaluate clinical total testosterone (TT) associations with lymph node invasion (LNI) in intermediate risk PCa.

Material And Methods: Between November 2014 and July 2016, intermediate risk PCa was assessed in 154 patients who underwent extended pelvic lymph node dissection if the risk of LNI was higher than 5%.

Lymph Nodes Invasion of Marcille's Fossa Associates with High Metastatic Load in Prostate Cancer Patients Undergoing Extended Pelvic Lymph Node Dissection: The Role of "Marcillectomy".

Introduction: To assess the incidence of malignancy involvement of lymph nodes (LNs) in Marcille's fossa in patients undergoing robot assisted radical prostatectomy (RARP) and extended pelvic lymph nodes dissection (ePLND) for prostate cancer (PCa).

Design, Setting, And Participants: Between January 2014 and December 2017, details of patients who underwent RARP and ePLND were prospectively analysed. All the nodal packets were dissected separately, grouped into left and right nodes and submitted in separate packages to dedicated pathologist.

Impact of Combination of Local Anesthetic Wounds Infiltration and Ultrasound Transversus Abdominal Plane Block in Patients Undergoing Robot-Assisted Radical Prostatectomy: Perioperative Results of a Double-Blind Randomized Controlled Trial.

Objective: To determinate benefits of the combination of local anesthetic wounds infiltration and ultrasound transversus abdominal plane (US-TAP) block with ropivacaine on postoperative pain, early recovery, and hospital stay in patients undergoing robot-assisted radical prostatectomy (RARP).

Methods: The study is double-blinded randomized controlled trial. Our hypothesis was that the combination of wound infiltration and US-TAP block with ropivacaine would decrease immediate postoperative pain and opioids use.

Prostate-specific antigen levels and proportion of biopsy positive cores are independent predictors of upgrading patterns in low-risk prostate cancer.

Background: The aim of this study is to evaluate clinical factors associated with the risk of tumor upgrading patterns in low risk prostate cancer (PCA) patients undergoing radical prostatectomy.

Methods: In a period running from January 2013 to December 2016, 245 low risk patients underwent RP. Patients were classified into three groups, which included case with pathology grade group one (no upgrading pattern), two-three (intermediate upgrading pattern), and four-five (high upgrading pattern).

Positive Association between Preoperative Total Testosterone Levels and Risk of Positive Surgical Margins by Prostate Cancer: Results in 476 Consecutive Patients Treated Only by Radical Prostatectomy.

Objective: To evaluate preoperative total testosterone (TT) as a predictor of positive surgical margins (PSM) in prostate cancer (PCA).

Patients And Methods: During the period from November 2014 to July 2017, preoperative TT was measured in 476 PCA patients undergoing only radical prostatectomy (RP) and including all risk classes. Surgical margins were stated negative, focal positive (single and less than 1 mL), and multifocal positive (more than 1).

Prostate-specific antigen associates with extensive lymph node invasion in high-risk prostate cancer.

Objective: To evaluate clinical predictors of lymph node invasion (LNI) in patients with high-risk prostate cancer undergoing radical prostatectomy (RP) with extended pelvic lymph node dissection (ePLND).

Methods: A contemporary cohort of 116 patients, who underwent ePLND during RP, was retrospectively evaluated. Patients were classified into 3 groups including cases without LNI (group 1), with 1 to 3 positive nodes (group 2; limited LNI), and with more than 3 positive nodes (group 3; extensive LNI).

Inverse Association of Prostatic Chronic Inflammation among Prostate Cancer Tumor Grade Groups: Retrospective Study of 738 Consecutive Cases Elected to a First Random Biopsy Set.

Objectives: The study aimed to evaluate associations of prostatic chronic inflammation (PCI) with prostate cancer (PCA) grade groups by the International Society of Urological Pathology (ISUP).

Methods: The study evaluated retrospectively 738 cases. The patient population was sampled into 3 groups collecting cases without and with PCA including subjects with lSUP grade group 1 and grade groups 2-5.

Associations of Transitional Zone Volume with Intraprostatic Chronic Inflammation and Prostate Cancer Risk in Patients Undergoing a First Random Biopsy Set.

Objectives: To investigate associations of the transitional zone volume (TZV) with intraprostatic chronic inflammatory infiltrate (CII) and prostate cancer (PCa) risk in patients undergoing a first random biopsy set.

Materials And Methods: The study included a homogenous population of 596 patients. The volume of the prostate and TZV were separately measured.

Simultaneous Measurements of Follicle Stimulating Hormone and Total Testosterone and Associations in Clinically Localized Prostate Cancer.

Objectives: To evaluate the potential relations of simultaneous measurements of basal levels of follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) and total testosterone (TT) in clinically localized prostate cancer (PCa).

Materials And Methods: The study included 126 patients who had simultaneous measurements of prostate specific antigen (PSA), FSH, and TT before undergoing radical prostatectomy for clinically localized PCa. Correlations and independent associations between clinical and pathological factors were investigated by statistical methods.

Preoperative Plasma Levels of Total Testosterone Associated with High Grade Pathology-Detected Prostate Cancer: Preliminary Results of a Prospective Study in a Contemporary Cohort of Patients.

Objectives: To investigate the associations, if any, between preoperative plasma levels of total testosterone (TT) and pathology Gleason score (pGS) in a contemporary cohort of prostate cancer (PCa) patients.

Materials And Methods: Between November 2014 and June 2015, plasma levels of TT were measured in 142 patients who underwent radical prostatectomy. Exclusion criteria were as follows: 5α-reductase inhibitors, LH-releasing hormone analogues, or testosterone replacement treatment.

Clinical Factors Predicting Tumour Upgrading in Patients Under Active Surveillance and Elected to Active Treatment after Disease Reclassification or Progression.

Objectives: To evaluate clinical factors associated with tumour upgrading (UPG) in low-intermediate risk patients who progressed while under active surveillance (AS) and underwent delayed radical prostatectomy.

Material And Methods: The evaluated factors included prostate specific antigen (PSA), prostate volume, PSA density and number of biopsy positive cores (BPC). Multivariate logistic regression by the forward step Wald procedure was used.

Clinical factors stratifying the risk of tumor upgrading to high-grade disease in low-risk prostate cancer.

Purpose: To identify clinical factors stratifying the risk of tumor upgrading to increasing patterns of the tumor grading system in low-risk prostate cancer (PCa).

Methods: We evaluated the records of 438 patients who underwent radical prostatectomy. Associations between clinical factors and tumor upgrading were assessed by the univariate and multivariate multinomial logistic regression model.

The preoperative serum ratio of total prostate specific antigen (PSA) to free testosterone (FT), PSA/FT index ratio, and prostate cancer. Results in 220 patients undergoing radical prostatectomy.

Objectives: To evaluate associations of preoperative total prostate specific antigen (PSA) to free testosterone (FT), the PSA/FT index ratio, with features of pathology prostate cancer (PCA) and to investigate its prognostic potential in clustering the PCA population.

Patients And Methods: After excluding criteria, the records of 220 patients who underwent radical prostatectomy (RP) were retrospectively reviewed. Serum samples of PSA, total testosterone (TT) and FT were collected at 8.

Low-Risk Prostate Cancer and Tumor Upgrading to Higher Patterns in the Surgical Specimen. Analysis of Clinical Factors Predicting Tumor Upgrading to Higher Gleason Patterns in a Contemporary Series of Patients Who Have Been Evaluated According to the Modified Gleason Score Grading System.

Objective: To identify clinical factors associated with prostate cancer (PCA) upgrading to higher patterns of the surgical specimen in low-risk PCA.

Materials And Methods: We evaluated the records of 438 patients. The multinomial logistic regression model was used.