Dynamic rasterstereography improves the detection of movement delays and dynamic asymmetries in the scapulothoracic kinematic of healthy subjects.

Purpose: Assessing scapulothoracic kinematics typically involves visually observing patients during movement, which has limited inter- and intraobserver reliability. Dynamic rasterstereography (DRS) records, measures and visualizes surface structures in real time, using a curvature map to colour-code convex, concave and saddle-shaped structures on the body surface. This study aimed to evaluate the diagnostic efficacy of DRS-assisted observation in identifying dyskinetic scapulothoracic patterns.

Impact of Patient-Specific Hip Joint Geometry on the Morphology of Acetabular Fractures.

: Acetabular fractures continue to pose a major challenge in clinical practice, not least because of the growing geriatric population. While the influence of the force vectors on fracture formation is well established, the impact of anatomical factors on fracture morphology remains poorly understood. The aim of this study was to investigate patient-specific hip joint geometry, identify structural risk factors and correlate these with the resulting fracture patterns.

Perspectives, perceptions, and expectations of subjects with frozen shoulder: a web-based Italian survey.

Introduction: Frozen shoulder (FS) is a musculoskeletal disorder affecting the glenohumeral joint. This condition leads to disability and a worsening in quality of life. Despite its considerable impact on patients and its economic burden, research on the psychological and social implications of FS-as well as patients' perspectives and needs-is limited.

An Updated Overview of Risk Factors for Shoulder Stiffness.

A painful reduction in shoulder mobility, known as "shoulder stiffness", can occur both as a primary idiopathic condition and as a secondary condition, for example, following surgical procedures. Various factors can contribute to the development of primary shoulder stiffness. In this review we summarize the pathophysiological mechanisms, genetic influences, endocrine disorders, metabolic conditions, as well as other diseases and medical-therapeutic approaches that might have an impact on the development of primary shoulder stiffness.

Smartphone Use-Influence on Posture and Gait during Standing and Walking.

Prolonged gaze at a smartphone is characterized by pronounced flexion of the cervical spine and is associated with health risks. In addition, it is suspected that smartphone distraction could lead to gait changes. Therefore, the aim of this study was to detect smartphone-associated postural changes at thoracic and lumbar levels as well as gait changes.

Operational strategies to deal with the COVID-19 emergency: recommendations from the Italian national society SIAGASCOT following the introduction of vaccines against the SARS-CoV-2 infection.

Background: This article aims to present the operational recommendations adopted by the Italian national society for orthopaedic surgery, arthroscopy, and sports medicine (SIAGASCOT) in managing patients eligible to undergo elective orthopaedic surgery during the COVID-19 pandemic after the beginning of a national vaccination campaign.

Materials And Methods: An extensive literature search, analysing medical databases and scientific societies protocols, was performed to support this document. A four-step approach was used: 1-definition of priorities; 2-definition of significant clusters of interventions; 3-extraction of recommendations from international literature; and 4-adaptation of the recommendations to the specific features of the Italian healthcare system.

A Worldwide Analysis of Adipose-Derived Stem Cells and Stromal Vascular Fraction in Orthopedics: Current Evidence and Applications.

The biological enhancement of tissue regeneration and healing is an appealing perspective in orthopedics. We aimed to conduct a systematic review to describe the global distribution of studies investigating the use of adipose tissue derivates in orthopedics and to provide information on their quality and on the products available. The quality of the included studies was assessed using the modified Coleman Methodology Score (mCMS) and the Cochrane risk-of-bias tool for randomized trials.

Screw placement in arthroscopically assisted osteosynthesis of radial head fractures using a reference k-wire in the radiocapitellar joint: a cadaveric study.

Purpose: The optimal screw placement in arthroscopically assisted fixation of radial head fractures is still an issue and no guiding methods have been evaluated in the recent literature. The study hypothesis was that using a "reference k-wire" percutaneously inserted in and parallel to the radiocapitellar joint would enable to achieve a trajectory more parallel to the radial head articular surface as compared to a free-hand k-wire placement.

Methods: Arthroscopically assisted placement of a k-wire in the radial head was performed in seven fresh-frozen human cadaver specimens by three surgeons.

Anatomic reconstruction of lateral ankle ligaments: is there an optimal graft option?

Purpose: Different graft options are available for the reconstruction of lateral ankle ligaments to treat chronic ankle instability (CAI), which fall in two categories: allografts and autografts. This study aims to provide an updated comparison of the clinical outcomes after stabilisation procedures using allografts and autografts, to correctly advise the clinician during the choice of the best material to be used for the reconstruction of the lateral ligamentous complex of the ankle.

Methods: A systematic review was performed to analyse the use of autografts and allografts for anatomic reconstruction of the lateral ligamentous complex of the ankle in CAI patients.

Epidemiology and specific features of shoulder injuries in patients affected by epileptic seizures.

Purpose: Epileptic seizures can cause multiple shoulder injuries, the most common of which are dislocations, recurrent instability, fractures, and isolated lesions of the rotator cuff. Currently, only limited literature exists which describes the frequency and types of lesions in cohorts of epileptic patients and the corresponding treatment outcome. This study aims to document the occurrence of shoulder lesions in patients affected by seizures and to provide detailed information on trauma dynamics, specific lesion characteristics and treatment complications.

Open Access Redefined: Survey Data and Literature Study on the Impact of Sci-Hub in Orthopaedic Research.

Background: Since Alexandra Elbanyan founded Sci-Hub in 2011, the website has been used by a growing number of researchers worldwide. Sci-Hub is a so-called shadow library or guerrilla open access format bypassing publishers' paywalls, giving everyone free access to scientific papers. Until today, there have been no publications about usage by orthopaedic and trauma surgeons of Sci-Hub or other "pirate sites" and how it may influence their work.

Arthroscopic Rotator Cuff Repair Augmentation With Autologous Microfragmented Lipoaspirate Tissue Is Safe and Effectively Improves Short-term Clinical and Functional Results: A Prospective Randomized Controlled Trial With 24-Month Follow-up.

Background: Autologous microfragmented lipoaspirate tissue has been recently introduced in orthopaedics as an easily available source of nonexpanded adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells. Autologous microfragmented lipoaspirate tissue is expected to create a suitable microenvironment for tendon repair and regeneration. Rotator cuff tears show a high incidence of rerupture and represent an ideal target for nonexpanded mesenchymal stem cells.

Choosing patient-reported outcome measures for shoulder pathology.

This study was designed to identify the most frequent shoulder patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) reported in high-quality literature.A systematic review was performed to identify shoulder PROMs, and their diffusion within the scientific literature was tested with a subsequent dedicated search in MEDLINE.506 studies were included in the final data analysis, for a total number of 36,553 patients.

Practicability of a Virtual Consultation to Evaluate the Shoulder Joint.

Objective: In the course of the corona pandemic, resource conservation and the protection of further infections have made it necessary to break new ground in the organisation of orthopaedic and trauma surgery consultations. One solution is consistent digitisation and the offer of video consultation hours. In this study, non-contact examination of patients with shoulder disorders is described and critically examined.

Ultrasound evaluation shows increase in laxity after partial common extensor origin detachment but not after additional lesion of the radial band of the lateral collateral ligament.

Purpose: The lateral elbow musculature conveys a dynamic valgus moment to the elbow, increasing joint stability. Muscular or tendinous lesions to the anterior half of the common extensor origin (CEO) may provoke a deficiency in the elbow dynamic stabilizers, regardless of their traumatic, degenerative, or iatrogenic aetiology. Furthermore, a role for the radial band of the lateral collateral ligament (R-LCL) has been postulated in the aetiology of lateral elbow pain.

Novel Radiographic Indexes for Elbow Stability Assessment: Part B-Preliminary Clinical Study.

Introduction: The coronoid process plays a key-role in preserving elbow stability. Currently, there are no radiographic indexes conceived to assess the intrinsic elbow stability and the joint congruency. The aim of this study is to present new radiological parameters, which will help assess the intrinsic stability of the ulnohumeral joint and to define normal values of these indexes in a normal, healthy population.

Novel Radiographic Indexes for Elbow Stability Assessment: Part A-Cadaveric Validation.

Introduction: Elbow bony stability relies primarily on the high anatomic congruency between the humeral trochlea and the ulnar greater sigmoid notch. No practical tools are available to distinguish different morphotypes of the proximal ulna and herewith predict elbow stability. The aim of this study was to assess inter-observer reproducibility, evaluate diagnostic performance and determine responsiveness to change after simulated coronoid process fracture for three novel elbow radiographic indexes.

Treatment of Primary Shoulder Stiffness: Results of a Survey on Surgeon Practice Patterns in Italy.

 Shoulder stiffness is a condition of restricted glenohumeral range of motion (ROM), which can arise spontaneously or as consequence of a known cause. Several treatment options are available and currently no consensus has been obtained on which treatment algorithm represents the best choice for the patient. The aim of this study was to investigate surgeon practice patterns in Italy regarding treatment of primary shoulder stiffness.

Lateral Elbow Laxity Is Affected by the Integrity of the Radial Band of the Lateral Collateral Ligament Complex: A Cadaveric Model With Sequential Releases and Varus Stress Simulating Everyday Activities.

Background: An elongation of the radial lateral collateral complex (R-LCL) can provoke symptomatic minor instability of the lateral elbow leading to lateral elbow pain. Biomechanical models investigating the effects of elongation and partial or complete lesions of the R-LCL on lateral elbow stability are lacking.

Purpose: To evaluate how partial and complete R-LCL release affects radiocapitellar joint stability in a setting of controlled varus load and progressive soft tissue release.