The Electrochemical and Structural Changes of Phosphorus-Doped TiO through In Situ Raman and In Situ X-Ray Diffraction Analysis.

Doping is a widely employed technique to enhance the functionality of lithium-ion battery materials, tailoring their performance for specific applications. In our study, we employed in situ Raman and in situ X-ray diffraction (XRD) spectroscopic techniques to examine the structural alterations and electrochemical behavior of phosphorus-doped titanium dioxide (TiO) nanoparticles. This investigation revealed several notable changes: an increase in structural defects, enhanced ionic and electronic conductivity, and a reduction in crystallite size.

Photon number statistics uncover the fluctuations in non-equilibrium lattice dynamics.

Fluctuations of the atomic positions are at the core of a large class of unusual material properties ranging from quantum para-electricity to high temperature superconductivity. Their measurement in solids is the subject of an intense scientific debate focused on seeking a methodology capable of establishing a direct link between the variance of the atomic displacements and experimentally measurable observables. Here we address this issue by means of non-equilibrium optical experiments performed in shot-noise-limited regime.

Synthetic generation of myocardial blood-oxygen-level-dependent MRI time series via structural sparse decomposition modeling.

This paper aims to identify approaches that generate appropriate synthetic data (computer generated) for cardiac phase-resolved blood-oxygen-level-dependent (CP-BOLD) MRI. CP-BOLD MRI is a new contrast agent- and stress-free approach for examining changes in myocardial oxygenation in response to coronary artery disease. However, since signal intensity changes are subtle, rapid visualization is not possible with the naked eye.

Real-time observation of interlayer vibrations in bilayer and few-layer graphene.

We report real-time observation of the interlayer shearing mode, corresponding to the lateral oscillation of graphene planes, for bi- and few-layer graphene. Using a femtosecond pump-probe technique, we have followed coherent oscillations of this vibrational mode directly in the time domain. The shearing-mode frequency, as expected for an interlayer mode, exhibits a strong and systematic dependence on the number of layers, varying from 1.