TET-Mediated Epigenetic Regulation in Immune Cell Development and Disease.

TET proteins oxidize 5-methylcytosine (5mC) to 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC) and further oxidation products in DNA. The oxidized methylcytosines (oxi-mCs) facilitate DNA demethylation and are also novel epigenetic marks. TET loss-of-function is strongly associated with cancer; loss-of-function mutations are frequently observed in hematological malignancies that are resistant to conventional therapies.