Efficient, Light-Driven Reduction of CO to CO by a Carbon Monoxide Dehydrogenase-CdSe/CdS Nanorod Photosystem.

The solar conversion of CO to low carbon fuels has been heralded as a potential solution to combat the rise in greenhouse gas emissions. Here we report the first light-driven activation of [NiFe] CODH II from for the reduction of CO to CO. To accomplish this, a hybrid photosystem composed of CODH II and CdSe/CdS dot-in-rod nanocrystals was developed.

Discomfort associated with Invisalign and traditional brackets: A randomized, prospective trial.

Objective: To evaluate differences in discomfort levels between patients treated with aligners and traditional fixed orthodontic appliances.

Materials And Methods: This blinded, prospective, randomized equivalence two-arm parallel trial allocated 41 adult Class I nonextraction patients to either traditional fixed appliance (6 males and 12 females) or aligner (11 males and 12 females) treatment. Patients completed daily discomfort diaries following their initial treatment appointment, after 1 month and after 2 months.

Antiobesity Effect of a Small Molecule Repressor of RORγ.

The orphan nuclear receptor RORγ is a key regulator for T helper 17 (TH17) cell differentiation, which regulates metabolic and circadian rhythm genes in peripheral tissues. Previously, it was shown that the small molecule inverse agonist of RORγ SR1555 [1-(4-((4'-(1,1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoro-2-hydroxypropan-2-yl)-[1,1'-biphenyl]-4-yl)methyl)piperazin-1-yl) ethanone] suppressed TH17 differentiation and stimulated induced T regulatory (iTreg) cells. Here, we show that treatment of cultured pre-adipocyctes with SR1555 represses the expression of RORγ while leading to increased expression of FGF21 and adipoQ.

Cancer-associated IDH1 mutations produce 2-hydroxyglutarate.

Mutations in the enzyme cytosolic isocitrate dehydrogenase 1 (IDH1) are a common feature of a major subset of primary human brain cancers. These mutations occur at a single amino acid residue of the IDH1 active site, resulting in loss of the enzyme's ability to catalyse conversion of isocitrate to alpha-ketoglutarate. However, only a single copy of the gene is mutated in tumours, raising the possibility that the mutations do not result in a simple loss of function.

Functional silencing of hepatic microsomal glucose-6-phosphatase gene expression in vivo by adenovirus-mediated delivery of short hairpin RNA.

An expression cassette containing mouse U6 polymerase III promoter directing expression of short hairpin RNA (shRNA) targeting murine microsomal glucose-6-phosphatase (G6P) transcript was generated. This construct was packaged into an adenoviral (AdV) backbone and viral stocks generated. Mice injected intravenously with AdV-G6PshRNA exhibited a significant reduction in postprandial glucose levels and had significantly elevated steady-state hepatic glycogen stores.

A method to intraoperatively assess stapes prostheses for magnetic attraction.

Objective: To present a technique used to assess metallic otologic prostheses for magnetic susceptibility during surgery.

Study Design: Description of a surgical technique.

Methods: A sterile handheld pacemaker magnet is used to evaluate the prosthesis prior to implantation.

Protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B negatively regulates leptin signaling in a hypothalamic cell line.

Protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B (PTP1B) has recently been implicated in the regulation of body weight. A surprising phenotype of PTP1B-deficient mice is their resistance to diet-induced obesity. Since leptin is one of the primary hormones involved in the regulation of body weight and energy homeostasis, we investigated whether PTP1B affects leptin receptor (lepR) signaling directly.

Transcriptional profiling of bone regeneration. Insight into the molecular complexity of wound repair.

The healing of skeletal fractures is essentially a replay of bone development, involving the closely regulated, interdependent processes of chondrogenesis and osteogenesis. Using a rat femur model of bone healing to determine the degree of transcriptional complexity of these processes, suppressive subtractive hybridization (SSH) was performed between RNA isolated from intact bone to that of callus from post-fracture (PF) days 3, 5, 7, and 10 as a means of identifying up-regulated genes in the regenerative process. Analysis of 3,635 cDNA clones revealed 588 known genes (65.