Background: The benefit-risk ratio of prophylactic non-invasive ventilation (NIV) and high-flow nasal oxygen therapy (HFNC-O) during the early stage of blunt chest trauma remains controversial because of limited data. The main objective of this study was to compare the rate of endotracheal intubation between two NIV strategies in high-risk blunt chest trauma patients.
Methods: The OptiTHO trial was a randomized, open-label, multicenter trial over a two-year period.
Background: Although lung protection with low tidal volume and limited plateau pressure (P) improves survival in acute respiratory distress syndrome patients (ARDS), the best way to set positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) is still debated.
Methods: This study aimed to compare two strategies using individual PEEP based on a maximum P (28-30 cmHO, the Express group) or on keeping end-expiratory transpulmonary pressure positive (0-5 cmHO, P group). We estimated alveolar recruitment (Vrec), end-expiratory lung volume and alveolar distension based on elastance-related end-inspiratory transpulmonary pressure (P).