Inferior oblique belly transposition for V pattern strabismus.

: Monocular transposition of the inferior oblique muscle belly (IOMBT) effectively weakened mild to moderate inferior oblique overaction and corrected small primary position hypertropia. Now we aim to evaluate the efficacy of inferior oblique muscle belly transposition (IOMBT) in treating V pattern strabismus with upshoot in adduction.: This is a retrospective review of 13 patients with V pattern who underwent IOMBT procedure from January 2017 to December 2018.

Inferior Oblique Belly Transposition for Small Angle Hypertropia With Inferior Oblique Overaction: A Pilot Study.

Purpose: To evaluate the efficacy of transposition of the belly of the inferior oblique muscle in treating inferior oblique overaction with small angle hypertropia.

Methods: The medical records of 10 patients who underwent inferior oblique belly transposition from March 2014 to July 2016 were reviewed. Transposition of the inferior oblique muscle belly consisted of suturing the entire body of the muscle to the sclera 5 mm posterior to the temporal insertion of the inferior rectus muscle.

Tensor LRR and Sparse Coding-Based Subspace Clustering.

Subspace clustering groups a set of samples from a union of several linear subspaces into clusters, so that the samples in the same cluster are drawn from the same linear subspace. In the majority of the existing work on subspace clustering, clusters are built based on feature information, while sample correlations in their original spatial structure are simply ignored. Besides, original high-dimensional feature vector contains noisy/redundant information, and the time complexity grows exponentially with the number of dimensions.

Atropine vs patching for treatment of moderate amblyopia: follow-up at 15 years of age of a randomized clinical trial.

Importance: Initial treatment for amblyopia of the fellow eye with patching and atropine sulfate eyedrops improves visual acuity. Long-term data on the durability of treatment benefit are needed.

Objective: To report visual acuity at 15 years of age among patients who were younger than 7 years when enrolled in a treatment trial for moderate amblyopia.

Measuring behavioral and endocrine responses to novelty stress in adult zebrafish.

Several behavioral assays are currently used for high-throughput neurophenotyping and screening of genetic mutations and psychotropic drugs in zebrafish (Danio rerio). In this protocol, we describe a battery of two assays to characterize anxiety-related behavioral and endocrine phenotypes in adult zebrafish. Here, we detail how to use the 'novel tank' test to assess behavioral indices of anxiety (including reduced exploration, increased freezing behavior and erratic movement), which are quantifiable using manual registration and computer-aided video-tracking analyses.

The effects of chronic social defeat stress on mouse self-grooming behavior and its patterning.

Stress induced by social defeat is a strong modifier of animal anxiety and depression-like phenotypes. Self-grooming is a common rodent behavior, and has an ordered cephalo-caudal progression from licking of the paws to head, body, genitals and tail. Acute stress is known to alter grooming activity levels and disrupt its patterning.

Modeling withdrawal syndrome in zebrafish.

The zebrafish (Danio rerio) is rapidly becoming a popular model species in behavioral neuroscience research. Zebrafish behavior is robustly affected by environmental and pharmacological manipulations, and can be examined using exploration-based paradigms, paralleled by analysis of endocrine (cortisol) stress responses. Discontinuation of various psychotropic drugs evokes withdrawal in both humans and rodents, characterized by increased anxiety.

Relevance units latent variable model and nonlinear dimensionality reduction.

A new dimensionality reduction method, called relevance units latent variable model (RULVM), is proposed in this paper. RULVM has a close link with the framework of Gaussian process latent variable model (GPLVM) and it originates from a recently developed sparse kernel model called relevance units machine (RUM). RUM follows the idea of relevance vector machine (RVM) under the Bayesian framework but releases the constraint that relevance vectors (RVs) have to be selected from the input vectors.

Orbital Dermoid Cyst Presenting with a Discharging Sinus Tract.

This report describes a case of orbital dermoid cyst presenting with a discharging sinus tract. The embryologic basis for orbital dermoids in general is discussed, as well as their typical presentation and management. In the current case, patient presentation and management were somewhat different because of signs of infection and a communicating sinus tract, both highly unusual for orbital dermoids.

Understanding behavioral and physiological phenotypes of stress and anxiety in zebrafish.

The zebrafish (Danio rerio) is emerging as a promising model organism for experimental studies of stress and anxiety. Here we further validate zebrafish models of stress by analyzing how environmental and pharmacological manipulations affect their behavioral and physiological phenotypes. Experimental manipulations included exposure to alarm pheromone, chronic exposure to fluoxetine, acute exposure to caffeine, as well as acute and chronic exposure to ethanol.

Bilateral congenital lacrimal sac fistulae in a patient with ectrodactyly-ectodermal dysplasia-clefting syndrome.

We describe a case of bilateral congenital lacrimal sac fistulas, associated with ectrodactyly-ectodermal dysplasia-clefting syndrome. The embryologic basis for this condition is discussed, as well as the epidemiology, typical presentation, and possible treatment modalities. After we excised the fistulas and intubated the nasolacrimal ducts in this patient, he experienced improvement in symptoms by report.

A symptom survey and quality of life questionnaire for nasolacrimal duct obstruction in children.

Purpose: To develop and validate a new parental questionnaire addressing symptoms and health-related quality of life (HRQL) in childhood nasolacrimal duct obstruction (NLDO).

Design: Cross-sectional study.

Participants: Children ages 6 to younger than 48 months with and without clinical signs of NLDO.

Balloon dilation of the nasolacrimal duct.

Purpose: Our purpose is to report our experience with balloon catheter dilation of the nasolacrimal duct after failed probing for congenital nasolacrimal duct obstruction.

Methods: We undertook a retrospective chart review. Patients who were enrolled had symptoms of persistent nasolacrimal duct obstruction after simple probing and irrigation.