Cephalometric analysis of Indian races: A systematic review.

This study is intended to review the cephalometric data pertaining to the diverse Indian populace through a systematic literature survey. To conduct a systematic review of literature, an electronic search was done on Medline, Embase, and Central databases. The available data were categorized based on the existing five geographic locations of the country (north, south, east, west, and central India) and analyzed.

A Novel Method of Fixation and Stabilization of the Nasoendotracheal Tube for Maxillary Osteotomies: The Head Cap Technique.

Purpose: To propose a novel technique of fixation and stabilization of the nasoendotracheal tube for maxillary osteotomies.

Method: The technique utilizes a flexible Portex north pole endotracheal tube size 6, elastic adhesive tape, a catheter mount and a head cap made of cloth in the fixation and stabilization of the nasoendotracheal tube for maxillary osteotomies.

Result: It is a simple method of fixation and stabilization of the nasoendotracheal tube, particularly for maxillary osteotomies that essentially eliminates distortion of the nasal, labial and perinasal areas and facilitates good nasolabial control during maxillary osteotomies.

Anthropometric Analysis of Indian Faces: A Systematic Review.

Objective: Facial anthropometric data vary significantly within the Indian population due to the racial, ethnic and geographic diversity. The anthropometric data of a given ethnic community may not match the other due to diverse ethnic variations, and hence, this study is intended to review the facial anthropometric data pertaining to the diverse Indian populace through a systematic literature survey.

Materials And Method: An electronic search done on Medline, Embase and Central databases was utilized to conduct a systematic review of literature.

Patient Satisfaction Following Orthognathic Surgery: A Systematic Review.

Objective: This study is intended to review data pertaining to patient satisfaction following orthognathic surgery through a systematic literature survey.

Methods And Materials: An electronic search was done on Medline, EMBASE and CENTRAL databases. The inclusion criteria considered were as follows: (1) assessment of patients' satisfaction, (2) one-stage orthognathic surgery, and (3) follow-up period of 8 weeks or more in English literature.

Is There a Need for Greater Emphasis on Clinical Facial Analysis than Cephalometrics & 3D Software Solutions in the Diagnosis and Treatment Planning of Patients with Dentofacial Deformities?

Purpose: This study is designed to evaluate the need for a greater emphasis on clinical facial analysis over cephalometrics in the diagnosis and treatment planning of patients with dentofacial deformities.

Materials And Method: A predetermined questionnaire study was designed to get the thought process of surgeons and consultants involved in orthognathic surgery from various parts of southern India. Two hundred and twenty-eight maxillofacial consultants were involved in the survey.

The Nuances of Temporomandibular Joint Ankylosis Surgery: Tips and Tricks.

Introduction: A plethora of surgical options have been described in the literature for the management of temporomandibular joint (TMJ) ankylosis, but one cannot subscribe to a modality that is infallible in regard to recurrence. The incidence of recurrence is attributed to poor surgical technique and poor patient compliance. This article proposes incorporation of subtle modifications into the surgical techniques that could prove to be helpful in the management and prevention of reankylosis.

Musculoskeletal Changes as a Sequel to Advancement Genioplasty: A Long-Term Cephalometric Prospective Study.

Aims: The aim of this study was to evaluate cephalometrically the stability of hard tissues and soft tissue changes of advancement genioplasty 2 years after surgery.

Methods: A prospective study was conducted which comprised of 25 patients, who underwent advancement genioplasty alone with no other orthognathic surgical procedures. Immediate pre-operative, 6 months postoperative, and 2 years postoperative lateral cephalograms were compiled and assessed.

The versatility of spandex photographic retractor for transoral surgical procedures.

The trend toward transoral access, be it for pathology or facial cosmetic surgery, has become increasingly popular over the last two decades with facial incisions being used more and more sporadically than otherwise. Transoral access because of its inherent limitations, retraction of the oral and perioral tissues without inducing physical or thermal injury makes it a daunting task for the operating surgeon. The use of conventional retractors in conjunction with surgical instruments can lead to inadvertent injury to the perioral tissues resulting in untoward postoperative sequelae leading to patient discomfort and delayed recovery.

Coronal/Hemicoronal Approach - A Gateway to Craniomaxillofacial Region.

Aims: The coronal incision with its various modifications provides the most versatile approach to various areas in the craniomaxillofacial region coupled with excellent exposure. The aesthetic advantage of a hidden scar in the hairline, accounts for its continued popularity. The aim of this study was to review the surgical anatomy, technique and problems of post-operative morbidity pertinent to coronal approach in various clinical situations such as craniofacial trauma, tumour resections and reconstructive craniofacial procedures.

Paramedian unilateral Le Fort I osteotomy.

A novel maxillary osteotomy is designed which is a technical modification of the standard Le Fort I osteotomy, termed the paramedian unilateral Le Fort I osteotomy. This technique has been used to correct an anterior open bite in a given patient based on the current clinical scenario as described, secondary to post ankylosis surgery. Its use may be extrapolated to various clinical situations to correct occlusal discrepancies including distraction osteogenesis.

Clinical and Histological Basis for the Use of Nasolabial Tissues in the Surgical Management of Oral Submucous Fibrosis.

Purpose: The authors planned a clinical and histopathologic study to examine the behavior of nasolabial tissues (full-thickness skin flap) after being inset into the oral cavity for oral submucous fibrosis (OSMF) under the premise that skin that is foreign tissue to the oral cavity would be devoid of pathologic changes.

Materials And Methods: Fourteen patients with OSMF and mouth openings with an interincisal distance shorter than 28 mm were included. The flap was evaluated clinically for 10 years, during which biopsy specimen was obtained from the mucocutaneous junction of the inset flap for histopathologic examination.

Comparison of clinical efficacy of methylprednisolone and serratiopeptidase for reduction of postoperative sequelae after lower third molar surgery.

Background: Surgical removal of mandibular third molars results in some degree of post-operative pain, swelling and trismus. These can be controlled by proper administration of local anesthesia, careful bone removal, minimal trauma to adjacent soft tissues and administration of methylprednisolone and serratiopeptidase drugs. The aim of the present study was to compare the efficacy of methylprednisolone and serratiopeptidase in controlling post-operative pain, swelling and trismus after surgical removal of impacted mandibular third molars.

Temporalis myofascial flap transfer into the oral cavity without zygomatic arch osteotomy.

Among plethora of options, the temporalis myofascial flap remains a workhorse for the maxillofacial reconstruction. The inherent advantages include reliable vascularity, adequate size, and proximity to the defect. Although contemporary surgical techniques provide fair surgical results with low rate of complications, their intraoral transposition involve additional surgical trauma by intentional fracturing of the zygomatic arch.

Confounding factors and diagnostic accuracy of imprint cytology.

Background: Eradication of malignant tumors at the primary site with oncological safe margin is a critical requirement for obtaining better survival rate and less recurrence. Touch imprint cytology (TIC) has proven itself as a quick, simple, inexpensive, highly accurate and reliable intraoperative technique to assess surgical margins in squamous cell carcinomas of the oral cavity. However, it is still unclear how the mode of excision, i.

Intraoperative imprint evaluation of surgical margins in oral squamous cell carcinoma.

Background: Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is a multifactorial malignant epithelial neoplasm. Tumor clearance at the surgical margins in OSCC is a critical factor which strongly influences both the local recurrence and overall survival rate. A quick and accurate intraoperative diagnostic procedure can make a significant difference to the survival rate.

Unusual presentation of Kimura's disease involving the parotid gland in an Indian male: a case report and review of literature.

Kimura's disease (KD) is a rare chronic inflammatory disorder that involves the subcutaneous tissues and occurs predominantly in the head and neck region, frequently associated with regional lymphadenopathy or salivary gland involvement. Although, not an uncommon condition in the Asian countries, it is quite rare among the occidental civilization and in the western countries is more commonly diagnosed among Asian migrants. Kimura's disease is sometimes confused with angiolymphoid hyperplasia with eosinophilia, which occurs in the superficial skin of the head and neck region.

Congenital zygomatico-mandibular fusion (pseudo-syngnathia?) in conjunction with unilateral anophthalmia: review of terminology and classification.

Syngnathia per se is a rare congenital disorder. A literature survey reveals a total of 26 cases of syngnathia in the English literature since 1936, of which only seven cases involved fusion of the ascending ramus of the mandible to the posterior portion of the maxilla and zygomatic complex. The remaining 19 involved fusion of the alveolar ridges of the maxilla and mandible.

Superolateral dislocation of the mandibular condyle: report of a case with review of literature and a proposed modification in the classification.

Anteromedial fracture dislocation of the mandibular condyle is common but a superolateral dislocation of an intact condyle is quite rare. Only ~19 cases of such dislocation have been reported in the world English literature. This type of dislocation is often misdiagnosed or completely overlooked and hence inadequately addressed.

Establishment of Cephalometric Norms for the South Indian (Karnataka) Population Based on Burstone's Analysis.

Unlabelled: PRIMARY AIM: Variability is characteristic of different faces and facial types, and normative data based on one population group does not represent all. Hence, this study was undertaken to establish skeletal cephalometric norms for the South Indian (Karnataka) population utilizing the norms laid by Burstones's analysis for Caucasians.

Methods: The sample comprised of lateral cephalograms taken in natural head position of 100 participants (50 men, 50 women).

Ewing's sarcoma of the maxilla.

Ewing's sarcoma is an uncommon malignancy that occurs usually in childhood. In most reported cases, the occurrence of this tumor is more in the mandible than the maxilla. A case of Ewing's sarcoma of the maxilla together with its associated structures is presented and discussed with complete clinical, radiographic, and histological evaluation.

Management of an unusual maxillary dentoalveolar fracture: a case report.

The purpose of this case report was to describe the management of a trauma-induced maxillary dentoalveolar fracture of the right maxilla in an 8-year-old boy. The child presented with swelling of the right maxillary region, difficulty in chewing and closing the mouth, and a sutured laceration on the cheek. Complete palatal displacement of the fractured fragment involving the deciduous canine and molars was observed clinically and confirmed by radiological examination.