Publications by authors named "David Tate"
BACKGROUND : Colorectal polypectomy is operator dependent, with variable rates of complete resection. The currently available assessment tools do not provide specific competency-based evaluation of provider technique. We aimed to validate the Global Polypectomy Assessment Tool (GPAT), a novel competency assessment tool for colorectal polypectomy.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground And Study Aims: Non-lifting large non-pedunculated colorectal polyps (NL-LNPCPs) account for 15% of LNPCP and are effectively managed by Endoscopic Mucosal Resection with adjunctive Cold-forceps Avulsion with adjuvant Snare-Tip soft coagulation (CAST). However, recurrence rates > 10% at surveillance colonoscopy is a significant limitation. We aimed to compare the outcomes of CAST with MTA versus CAST alone for NL-LNPCPs.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFImportance: Blast-related mild traumatic brain injuries (TBIs), the "signature injury" of post-9/11 conflicts, are associated with clinically relevant, long-term cognitive, psychological, and behavioral dysfunction and disability; however, the underlying neural mechanisms remain unclear.
Objective: To investigate associations between a history of remote blast-related mild TBI and regional brain volume in a sample of US veterans and active duty service members.
Design, Setting, And Participants: Prospective cohort study of US veterans and active duty service members from the Long-Term Impact of Military-Relevant Brain Injury Consortium-Chronic Effects of Neurotrauma Consortium (LIMBIC-CENC), which enrolled more than 1500 participants at 5 sites used in this analysis between 2014 and 2023.
Article Synopsis
- Neuroscience researchers are leveraging Big Data to improve the reliability of findings by increasing sample sizes and addressing replication issues.
- A study analyzed data from 53 studies with over 10,500 participants to connect scores from various auditory verbal learning tasks (AVLTs) while controlling for site-related effects.
- The research successfully reduced score variance by 37% and developed an online tool to help researchers and clinicians convert memory scores across different tests, highlighting the benefit of global data harmonization in behavioral sciences.
Background And Aims: The efficacy of colorectal endoscopic mucosal resection (EMR) is limited by recurrence and the necessity for conservative surveillance. Margin thermal ablation (MTA) after EMR has reduced the incidence of recurrence at the first surveillance colonoscopy at 6 months (SC1). Whether this effect is durable to second surveillance colonoscopy (SC2) is unknown.
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- Endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) is being considered for treating large nonpedunculated colorectal polyps (LNPCPs) to manage potential low-risk cancers, but its effectiveness in the right colon is unclear.
- A study analyzed over 3,000 cases, finding that only 2.6% of patients who underwent endoscopic resection (ER) had cancers, with just 0.78% being classified as low-risk.
- The results suggest that a universal ESD approach for right colon LNPCPs may not significantly improve patient outcomes due to the low prevalence of treatable low-risk cancers.
Deficits in memory performance have been linked to a wide range of neurological and neuropsychiatric conditions. While many studies have assessed the memory impacts of individual conditions, this study considers a broader perspective by evaluating how memory recall is differentially associated with nine common neuropsychiatric conditions using data drawn from 55 international studies, aggregating 15,883 unique participants aged 15-90. The effects of dementia, mild cognitive impairment, Parkinson's disease, traumatic brain injury, stroke, depression, attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), schizophrenia, and bipolar disorder on immediate, short-, and long-delay verbal learning and memory (VLM) scores were estimated relative to matched healthy individuals.
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- This study explores the connection between white matter hyperintensities (WMHs), mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI), age, and cognitive performance in a group of combat-exposed Veterans and Service Members.
- The research involved 1,011 participants, revealing that both groups had similar rates of WMHs; however, older individuals with mTBI showed a higher count of WMHs compared to those without.
- Significant relationships were found linking increased WMHs with cognitive impairments in memory and processing speed, suggesting the need for further investigation on the long-term effects of WMHs in mTBI cases.
Background And Aim: Randomised trials show improved polyp detection with computer-aided detection (CADe), mostly of small lesions. However, operator and selection bias may affect CADe's true benefit. Clinical outcomes of increased detection have not yet been fully elucidated.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThis proof-of-concept study was to investigate the relationship between photobiomodulation (PBM) and neuromuscular control. The effects of concussion and repetitive head acceleration events (RHAEs) are associated with decreased motor control and balance. Simultaneous intranasal and transcranial PBM (itPBM) is emerging as a possible treatment for cognitive and psychological sequelae of brain injury with evidence of remote effects on other body systems.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground And Objectives: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a concern for US service members and veterans (SMV), leading to heterogeneous psychological and cognitive outcomes. We sought to identify neuropsychological profiles of mild TBI (mTBI) and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) among the largest SMV sample to date.
Methods: We analyzed cross-sectional baseline data from SMV with prior combat deployments enrolled in the ongoing Long-term Impact of Military-relevant Brain Injury Consortium-Chronic Effects of Neurotrauma Consortium prospective longitudinal study.
Background: Dysregulation of the gut microbiome has been implicated in Parkinson's disease (PD). This study aimed to evaluate the clinical effects and safety of a single faecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) in patients with early-stage PD.
Methods: The GUT-PARFECT trial, a single-centre randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial was conducted at Ghent University Hospital between December 01, 2020 and December 12, 2022.
Background: This study evaluated the safety and efficacy of salvage endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) for Barrett's neoplasia recurrence after radiofrequency ablation (RFA).
Methods: Data from patients at 16 centers were collected for a multicenter retrospective study. Patients who underwent at least one RFA treatment for Barrett's esophagus and thereafter underwent further esophageal ESD for neoplasia recurrence were included.
Article Synopsis
- Resting state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rsfMRI) is a valuable tool for studying brain connectivity, particularly in relation to neurological disorders like traumatic brain injury (TBI), but there is a lack of standardization in how it is used across different research groups.
- This narrative review aims to tackle key methodological challenges in rsfMRI research for TBI by providing recommendations for data acquisition, processing, and analysis to enhance the reliability and comparability of study results.
- The review consists of a literature search on current rsfMRI studies, a set of seven recommendations for improving research practices, and a discussion of future research directions to promote rigorous methods and transparency in the TBI research community.
Introduction: Frontotemporal dementia (FTD) encompasses a clinically and pathologically diverse group of neurodegenerative disorders, yet little work has quantified the unique phenotypic clinical presentations of FTD among post-9/11 era veterans. To identify phenotypes of FTD using natural language processing (NLP) aided medical chart reviews of post-9/11 era U.S.
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- MRI is a key tool in researching diagnostic and prognostic markers after traumatic brain injury (TBI), particularly to understand mild TBI (mTBI), but findings are often inconsistent, highlighting the need for further study.
- The study analyzed MRI data from 976 military veterans and service members to explore the links between imaging outcomes and clinical features of mTBI, using regression models to account for factors like age and sex.
- Results indicated that while no major differences were found between those with and without mTBI history, blast-related mTBI showed significant brain volume reductions in certain areas, and multiple mTBIs correlated with specific MRI findings.
Background And Aims: Residual or recurrent adenoma (RRA) detected during surveillance is the major limitation of EMR. The pathogenesis of RRA is unknown, although thermal ablation of the post-endoscopic resection defect (PED) margin reduces RRA. We aimed to identify a feature within the PED that could be associated with RRA.
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- The study explores the lesser-known role of the cerebellum in PTSD by analyzing cerebellar volume differences in a large sample of 4,215 adults, with 1,642 diagnosed with PTSD and 2,573 as healthy controls.
- Using advanced deep-learning techniques, researchers assessed the total cerebellum volume and 28 subregions, revealing significant reductions in both gray and white matter in individuals with PTSD, especially in specific posterior lobe and vermis areas.
- The results suggest that changes in cerebellar structure are linked to cognitive and emotional dysfunctions in PTSD, highlighting the cerebellum's importance beyond its traditional role in motor control.
Article Synopsis
- The study investigates the relationship between traumatic brain injury (TBI) and changes in brain connectivity, particularly in military personnel with different histories of TBI during combat versus non-combat situations.
- It focuses on how functional connectivity (FC) in brain regions related to movement, like the basal ganglia, varies depending on the context of the injuries.
- The results reveal that those with deployment-related mild TBI have increased connectivity in certain brain areas, while non-deployment mild TBI was linked to significant correlations with walking performance, suggesting different behavioral outcomes based on the circumstances of the injury.*
Article Synopsis
- * Analyzing data from 1456 service members, the research finds that those with one or more mild TBIs have significantly higher odds of experiencing moderate to severe depression compared to individuals without such injuries.
- * The findings indicate that multiple TBIs and injuries sustained in combat-related contexts are linked to greater depressive symptoms, regardless of the presence of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD).
Importance: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is known to cause widespread neural disruption in the cerebrum. However, less is known about the association of TBI with cerebellar structure and how such changes may alter executive functioning.
Objective: To investigate alterations in subregional cerebellum volume and cerebral white matter microstructure after pediatric TBI and examine subsequent changes in executive function.
Mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) is the most common form of brain injury. While most individuals recover from mTBI, roughly 20% experience persistent symptoms, potentially including reduced fine motor control. We investigate relationships between regional white matter organization and subcortical volumes associated with performance on the Grooved Pegboard (GPB) test in a large cohort of military Service Members and Veterans (SM&Vs) with and without a history of mTBI(s).
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