Photorefractive Keratectomy in Experienced U.S. Naval Aviators: A Prospective Evaluation.

Purpose: To report on the prospective evaluation of photorefractive keratectomy (PRK) in experienced ametropic naval aviators that led to the approval of refractive surgery for military pilots.

Methods: This was the first study evaluating refractive surgery in naval aviators. Return to flight status after PRK and clinical outcomes and subjective and objective flight performance were evaluated.

Photorefractive Keratectomy in Student Naval Aviators: Outcomes of the U.S. Navy Accessioning Study.

Purpose: To present the outcomes of the U.S. Navy photorefractive keratectomy (PRK) accessioning study conducted between 2000 and 2005 that helped lead to the acceptance of laser vision correction within the U.

The Safety and Biological Activity of OTT166, a Novel Topical Selective Integrin Inhibitor for the Treatment of Diabetic Eye Disease: A Phase 1b Study.

Background And Objectives: To evaluate the safety, tolerability, and biological activity of a topical selective integrin inhibitor (OTT166) eyedrop administered BID for diabetic retinopathy (DR) and diabetic macular edema (DME).

Study Design/materials And Methods: A prospective, multicenter, randomized, double-masked Phase 1b study. Subjects with nonproliferative DR and DME with central subfield thickness (CST) > 325 microns were randomized to OTT166 eyedrops (2.

Expert Opinion on Management of Intraocular Inflammation, Retinal Vasculitis, and Vascular Occlusion after Brolucizumab Treatment.

Purpose: Recent reports have described a spectrum of uncommon findings of intraocular inflammation (IOI), retinal vasculitis, or retinal vascular occlusion in patients with neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD) treated with intravitreal injection (IVI) of brolucizumab. We present guidance on the clinical presentation of this spectrum and propose recommendations for management of these events.

Design: PubMed literature review and expert opinion panel.

Laser in situ keratomileusis in United States Naval aviators.

Purpose: To evaluate the safety and efficacy of femtosecond-assisted wavefront-guided laser in situ keratomileusis (LASIK) as well as higher-order aberrometric changes in a population of active-duty United States Naval aviators.

Setting: Navy Refractive Surgery Centers, San Diego, California, and Portsmouth, Virginia, USA.

Design: Prospective noncomparative 2-site study.

Topical cyclosporine A for postoperative photorefractive keratectomy and laser in situ keratomileusis.

Purpose: To compare the stability and predictability of the refractive outcomes in eyes treated with photorefractive keratectomy (PRK) or laser in situ keratomileusis (LASIK) with and without postoperative use of topical cyclosporine A emulsion.

Setting: Naval Medical Center San Diego Refractive Surgery Center, San Diego, California, USA.

Design: Randomized clinical trial.

Femtosecond lasers for LASIK flap creation: a report by the American Academy of Ophthalmology.

Objective: To review the published literature to assess the safety, efficacy, and predictability of femtosecond lasers for the creation of corneal flaps for LASIK; to assess the reported outcomes of LASIK when femtosecond lasers are used to create corneal flaps; and to compare the differences in outcomes between femtosecond lasers and mechanical microkeratomes.

Methods: Literature searches of the PubMed and Cochrane Library databases were last conducted on October 12, 2011, without language or date limitations. The searches retrieved a total of 636 references.

Delayed diagnosis of microsporidial stromal keratitis: unusual Wessely ring presentation and partial treatment with medications against Acanthamoeba.

The authors report a case of an immunocompetent 38-year-old male who presented with an indolent keratitis that eluded diagnosis after multiple cultures taken over 9 months. He was started initially on medications against Acanthamoeba, after presenting with a nearly complete corneal ring 2 months after trauma. These medications likely partially treated his condition, thereby making laboratory diagnosis more difficult.

Why preoperative acuity predicts postoperative acuity in wavefront-guided LASIK.

Purpose: To critically evaluate the following clinical wisdom regarding custom (wavefront-guided) laser in situ keratomileusis (LASIK) that subjects with better-than-average best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) before surgery have a greater risk of losing BCVA postoperatively than do subjects with worse-than-average BCVA before surgery.

Methods: High contrast BCVA was measured once before and 3 months after custom LASIK in one eye of 79 subjects. Preoperative spherical equivalent refractive error ranged between -1.

Night driving simulation in a randomized prospective comparison of Visian toric implantable collamer lens and conventional PRK for moderate to high myopic astigmatism.

Purpose: To compare changes in simulated night driving performance after Visian Toric Implantable Collamer Lens (TICL; STAAR Surgical) implantation and photorefractive keratectomy (PRK) for the correction of moderate to high myopic astigmatism.

Methods: This prospective, randomized study consisted of 43 eyes implanted with the TICL (20 bilateral cases) and 45 eyes receiving conventional PRK (VISX Star S3 excimer laser) with mitomycin C (22 bilateral cases) for moderate to high myopia (-6.00 to -20.

Phakic intraocular lens implantation for the correction of myopia: a report by the American Academy of Ophthalmology.

Objective: To review the published literature for evaluation of the safety and outcomes of phakic intraocular lens (pIOL) implantation for the correction of myopia and myopic astigmatism.

Methods: Literature searches of the PubMed and Cochrane Library databases were conducted on October 7, 2007, and July 14, 2008. The PubMed search was limited to the English language; the Cochrane Library was searched without language limitations.

Visual acuity recovery after late traumatic femtosecond laser in situ keratomileusis flap loss.

We report a case of traumatic flap loss from a fingernail 2 months after femtosecond laser-assisted laser in situ keratomileusis. On presentation, the patient's uncorrected visual acuity (UCVA) was 20/400 and complete flap avulsion was noted. Irrigation and treatment with mitomycin-C were done immediately, and a bandage contact lens was inserted.

Comparison of night driving performance after wavefront-guided and conventional LASIK for moderate myopia.

Purpose: To compare preoperative and postoperative changes in simulated night driving performance after wavefront-guided (wLASIK) and conventional LASIK (cLASIK) for the treatment of moderate myopia.

Design: Retrospective, comparative study.

Participants: All eyes of subjects with a preoperative manifest spherical equivalent (MSE) between -4.

Role of depressive symptoms in patient satisfaction with visual quality after laser in situ keratomileusis.

Purpose: To assess the role of depressive symptoms in patient satisfaction with visual quality after laser in situ keratomileusis (LASIK).

Setting: Navy Refractive Surgery Center, Ophthalmology Department, Naval Medical Center, San Diego, California, USA.

Methods: This was a prospective study of active-duty military patients having bilateral conventional LASIK to treat low to moderate myopia with or without astigmatism.

Wavefront-guided LASIK for the correction of primary myopia and astigmatism a report by the American Academy of Ophthalmology.

Objective: To describe wavefront-guided (WFG) LASIK for the primary treatment of low to moderate levels of myopia and astigmatism and to examine the evidence on the safety and effectiveness of the procedure in comparison with conventional LASIK.

Methods: Literature searches conducted in 2004, 2005, 2006, and 2007 retrieved 209 unique references from the PubMed and Cochrane Library databases. The panel selected 65 articles to review, and of these, chose 45 articles that they considered to be of sufficient clinical relevance to submit to the panel methodologist for review.

Laser refractive surgery in the United States Navy.

Purpose Of Review: The aim of this article is to highlight the numerous contributions the US Navy has made to the field of laser refractive surgery. It summarizes and draws together published papers, national meeting presentations, and unpublished data of clinical and laboratory studies involving the excimer laser and the laser-assisted in-situ keratomileusis (LASIK) flap.

Recent Findings: Photorefractive keratectomy (PRK) is the most widely performed refractive procedure in the US Navy, but this trend is slowly changing as femtosecond laser-assisted LASIK becomes more widely performed.

Randomized prospective comparison of visian toric implantable collamer lens and conventional photorefractive keratectomy for moderate to high myopic astigmatism.

Purpose: To compare the Visian Toric Implantable Collamer Lens (TICL), a toric phakic intraocular lens (IOL), and photorefractive keratectomy (PRK) in the correction of moderate to high myopic astigmatism.

Methods: This prospective, randomized study consisted of 43 eyes implanted with the TICL (20 bilateral cases) and 45 eyes receiving PRK with mitomycin C (22 bilateral cases) with moderate to high myopia (-6.00 to -20.

Medical considerations before refractive surgery retreatment.

We report a case of a significant hyperopic shift 2 years after myopic photorefractive keratectomy with an interim of stability. The patient was an otherwise healthy man who reported a sudden change in vision when climbing to altitude. Medical considerations for refractive shifts should be looked at before retreatment is proposed.

Stability of the laser in situ keratomileusis corneal flap in rabbit eyes.

Purpose: To quantify the force required to dislodge a laser in situ keratomileusis (LASIK) corneal flap in rabbits and correlate that force with sources of injury to LASIK corneal flaps in humans.

Setting: Animal Vivarium and Department of Ophthalmology, Naval Medical Center, San Diego, California, USA.

Methods: Corneal flaps were cut in 56 eyes of 30 rabbits.

Avoidance, recognition, and management of LASIK complications.

Purpose: To provide important concepts of the latest developments in laser in situ keratomileusis (LASIK) complication avoidance, recognition, and management.

Design: A perspective.

Methods: A comprehensive literature search and review of a total of 816 publications that discussed LASIK complications from 1992 to 2005 was conducted.

Masked comparison of silicone hydrogel lotrafilcon A and etafilcon A extended-wear bandage contact lenses after photorefractive keratectomy.

Purpose: To compare the efficacy of 2 types of bandage contact lenses (BCLs) after photorefractive keratectomy (PRK).

Setting: Navy Refractive Surgery Center, Naval Medical Center San Diego, San Diego, California, USA.

Methods: In this prospective study, 100 patients received PRK in both eyes.

Retinal nerve fiber layer measurements do not change after LASIK for high myopia as measured by scanning laser polarimetry with custom compensation.

Purpose: Scanning laser polarimetry (SLP) estimates retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness through measurement of retardation of polarized light passing through the birefringent RNFL and cornea. A compensation method is incorporated to eliminate the anterior segment contribution to the total birefringence measured. LASIK is a technique that corrects myopia by ablating corneal tissue.

Late traumatic flap displacement after laser in situ keratomileuisis.

Laser in situ keratomileusis (LASIK) has become the community standard in corneal refractive surgery and is being performed by surgeons in the Army, Navy, and Air Force. LASIK differs from photorefractive keratectomy (PRK) in that a partial-thickness corneal flap is created in the LASIK procedure before removing a microscopic amount of corneal tissue, whereas no flap creation is required in PRK. The benefits of LASIK include minimal discomfort after surgery, as well as a much faster return of visual function.

Pupil size and quality of vision after LASIK.

Purpose: To evaluate factors related to the quality of vision after LASIK.

Design: Survey study.

Participants: One hundred consecutive patients.