An economic valuation of federal and private grazing land ecosystem services supported by beef cattle ranching in the United States.

Beef cattle ranching and farming is a major agricultural industry in the United States that manages an estimated 147 million ha of private land and uses approximately 92% of forage authorized for grazing on federal rangelands. Rangelands, as working landscapes, sustain beef cattle ranching while providing habitat for wildlife, recreation, and open space amenities, as well as spiritual and cultural values that define a way of life. Historically, discussions regarding the economics of beef cattle ranching have focused primarily on the value of beef production but have more recently expanded to consider related ecosystem services.

Arthrodesis of the first metatarsophalangeal joint.

Arthrodesis has emerged as the primary salvage procedure for severe osteoarthritis of the first metatarsophalangeal (MTP) joint. Forty-three patients underwent arthrodesis of the first MTP joint with stabilization provided by either 2 crossed lag-screws or a dorsal plate and screws. First MTP joint arthrodesis was the primary procedure for 46 of the 54 treated feet.

Aneurysm of the dorsalis pedis artery -- a case report.

Aneurysms of the pedal arteries are uncommon; however, they can be identified upon clinical exam and confirmed by angiogram and color-flow duplex scan. Surgical treatment options include ligation or primary repair. The authors present a case of an aneurysm of the dorsalis pedis artery in a diabetic patient.