A Case of Frosted Branch Angiitis in the Age of Polymerase Chain Reaction: Diagnostic and Therapeutic Considerations.

To describe a unique case highlighting the limitations and caveats of multiplex polymerase chain reaction (mPCR) in the diagnosis of posterior infectious uveitis, specifically frosted branch angiitis (FBA), we present a case of FBA in which multiple diagnostic modalities, including mPCR, are inconclusive. A thorough literature review was carried out to discuss the validity of mPCR in the setting of posterior infectious uveitis, the theoretical effect of sample dilution, and to explore a management strategy in these difficult cases. It is known that mPCR has high sensitivity and specificity, with a low false negative rate.

Photodynamic Therapy-Induced Acute Exudative Maculopathy (PAEM): Prevalence, Impact and Management Strategies.

Photodynamic therapy (PDT) has a niche role in treating various choroidal pathologies. PDT-induced acute exudative maculopathy (PAEM) is an uncommon complication of PDT that results in exudative retinal detachment and mild to severe decrease in vision. Successful management strategies include observation, local or systemic corticosteroids, and intravitreal anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (anti-VEGF) injections.

A Novel Pathogenic Variant in the RDH5 Gene in a Patient with Fundus Albipunctatus and Severe Macular Atrophy.

Purpose: To report a novel 11-cis retinol dehydrogenase gene (RDH5) variant discovered in a 57-year-old male with fundus albipunctatus (FA) complicated by severe macular atrophy.

Methods: The patient was evaluated with a complete ophthalmic examination, optical coherence tomography (OCT), color fundus photography, green wavelength fundus autofluorescence, visual field testing, full-field ERG (ffERG), and multifocal ERG (mfERG). Genetic analysis investigating gene variants involved in inherited retinal disorders was performed.

The role of oral steroids in the treatment of photodynamic therapy-associated exudative maculopathy, a case report and review of the literature.

Background: Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is an effective treatment of pachychoroid spectrum disease. PDT can cause a rare complication known as PDT-associated exudative maculopathy (PAEM). Treatments including intravitreal anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (anti-VEGF) medications, local or systemic steroids, and observation have been attempted with variable success to address this complication.

Multimodal Imaging Characteristics of ADRP in a Family with p.Thr58Arg Substituted RHO Mutation.

Background: Autosomal dominant retinitis pigmentosa (adRP) is a rare cause of progressive visual impairment in young patients and is frequently a result of RHO gene mutations. p.Thr58Arg rhodopsin mutation leads to misfolding of rhodopsin, subsequent accumulation in the endoplasmic reticulum, and leads to consecutive atrophy of photoreceptor cells through apoptosis.

Successful repair of combined tractional and rhegmatogenous retinal detachment with pars plana vitrectomy without scleral buckle in severe Behçet's disease.

Behçet's disease (BD) is a multisystemic, immune-mediated occlusive vasculitis of unknown etiology with a chronic, relapsing remitting course. Ocular involvement is characterized by recurrent nongranulomatous uveitis with necrotizing obliterative vasculitis affecting both the anterior and posterior segments of the eye and often leads to blindness. We describe successful surgical management of a rare case of combined rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD) and tractional retinal detachment (TRD) in a patient with Behçet's disease.

Bilateral retinal detachment after chimeric antigen receptor T-cell therapy.

CAR T-cell targeting of leukemic infiltrates in the optic nerve and retina caused retinal detachment as a presentation of pseudoprogression. Treatment of this intraocular inflammation with intravitreal triamcinolone and orbital radiation led to marked improvement in visual acuity.

Evaluating the effect of intravitreal triamcinolone-moxifloxacin during cataract surgery on central macular edema in patients with preexisting diabetic retinopathy.

Purpose: To evaluate the effect of intravitreal triamcinolone acetonide-moxifloxacin at the time of cataract surgery on central macular edema in patients with preexisting diabetic retinopathy.

Setting: Loma Linda University Eye Institute, California, USA.

Design: Retrospective observational clinical study.

Multimodal imaging in a family with Cockayne syndrome with a novel pathogenic mutation in the ERCC8 gene, and significant phenotypic variability.

Background: Cockayne syndrome is a rare autosomal recessive neurodegenerative disorder caused by mutations of either the ERCC6/CSB or ERCC8/CSA genes. Here, we describe two sisters with Cockayne syndrome caused by compound heterozygous mutations in the ERCC8 gene using multimodal imaging. Significant ophthalmic and systemic phenotypic variability is discussed.

Rapid neuroadaptation to surgically-induced aniseikonia in a 17-year-old patient with high preoperative anisometropia: A case report.

Purpose: To report a case of rapid neuroadaptation to surgically-induced aniseikonia in a 17-year-old with preoperative anisometropia of 9.5 D.

Observations: A 17-year-old female with a history of retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) and progressive high myopia with resulting anisometropia secondary to conventional laser photocoagulation in her right eye was found to have diplopia after undergoing cataract surgery in that eye.

EFFECT OF PLASMAPHERESIS AND PASSAGE OF ANTI-RETINAL ANTIBODIES THROUGH THE PLACENTA IN A CASE OF NON-PARANEOPLASTIC AUTOIMMUNE RETINOPATHY.

Purpose: To present a case of nonparaneoplastic autoimmune retinopathy in association with myasthenia gravis in a young woman, and to report the effect of plasmapheresis as well as passage of antiretinal antibodies through the placenta.

Methods: Case report.

Results: A 31-year-old woman presented with a history of myasthenia gravis and rapidly progressive vision loss at the age of 23.

Laryngeal mask airway versus endotracheal tube in pediatric adenotonsillectomy.

Objectives/hypothesis: Evaluation of safety and postoperative outcomes of the laryngeal mask airway (LMA) during pediatric tonsil surgery compared to use of the endotracheal tube (ETT).

Study Design: Randomized controlled trial.

Methods: A population-based sample of 117 patients ages 2 to 18 years requiring adenotonsillectomy, adenoidectomy, or tonsillectomy was studied.